PHA102 Exam 4 Study

A woman who is pregnant tells the nurse she has frequent heartburn in spite of eating small meals slowly; avoiding greasy, gas-forming foods; and remaining upright for 30 min after eating. The nurse will recommend which over-the-counter product? bulk forming laxative proton pump inhibitor H2 receptor blocker antacid

antacid

A patient who takes insulin must take a glucocorticoid medication for osteoarthritis. When teaching this patient, the nurse will explain that there may be a need to decrease the glucocorticoid dose. decrease the insulin dose. increase the glucocorticoid dose. increase the insulin dose.

increase the insulin dose.

A patient recently diagnosed with diabetes is prescribed a long-acting insulin that is administered once per day. Which insulin would the nurse expect to be prescribed? insulin glargine insulin regular insulin lispro insulin NPH

insulin glargine

A patient develops type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse will explain that this type of diabetes is usually curable through good diet and exercise. is not as common as type 1 diabetes. is related to heredity and obesity. will probably not require insulin therapy.

is related to heredity and obesity.

The nurse is reviewing the record of a patient with diabetes and recognizes that which drug improves insulin resistance? exenatide (Byetta) sitagliptin (Januvia) glypizide metformin

metformin

A 45-year-old woman reports cessation of menses for the past 6 months and asks the nurse if she needs to continue using contraception. The nurse will tell her that she may discontinue using contraception. that she most likely has premature ovarian failure. to begin hormone therapy to prevent menopausal symptoms. to continue using contraception for at least 6 more months.

to continue using contraception for at least 6 more months.

A woman who is in her third trimester of pregnancy asks the nurse why she cannot take ibuprofen instead of acetaminophen for headaches. The nurse will explain that NSAIDs will affect her fetus. have renal toxicity. induce premature labor. prolong labor.

will affect her fetus.

The nurse is teaching a patient about home administration of insulin. The patient will receive regular (Humulin R) and NPH (Humulin NPH) insulin at 0700 every day. What is important to teach this patient? "Draw up the medications in separate syringes." "Draw up the NPH insulin first." "Draw up the regular insulin first." "Draw up the medications after mixing them in a vial."

"Draw up the regular insulin first."

The nurse is teaching a woman who is pregnant about iron supplementation. Which statement by the woman indicates understanding of the teaching? "I may take the iron with an antacid to reduce gastrointestinal upset." "I should drink a glass of milk with iron to increase absorption." "I should take the iron supplement with a glass of orange juice." "I will stop taking the iron if my stools turn black."

"I should take the iron supplement with a glass of orange juice."

The patient asks the nurse about storing insulin. Which response by the nurse is correct? "All insulin must stay refrigerated to preserve its effectiveness." "Insulin will last longer if kept in the freezer." "Opened vials of insulin must be discarded." "Insulin is good for one month outside of the refrigerator once opened."

"Insulin is good for one month outside of the refrigerator once opened."

The nurse is teaching a patient who is newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus about insulin administration. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching? "Long acting insulin is safer because it does not cause hypoglycemia." "I should mix insulin NPH by rolling the bottle, rather than shaking." "Repeating injections in the same spot can cause a raised lump under my skin." "Insulin is absorbed better from subcutaneous sites on my abdomen.

"Long acting insulin is safer because it does not cause hypoglycemia."

The nurse is discussing the use of combined hormonal contraceptives with a client. Which statement indicates that the client has understood the teaching? "I should be cautious with my use of alcohol." "I should be cautious about being out in the sun too much." "Some types of hormonal birth control can help prevent sexually transmitted infections." "Smoking can increase the risk of adverse effects."

"Smoking can increase the risk of adverse effects."

The patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus asks, "Why can't I take a sulfonylurea like my friend who has diabetes?" What is the nurse's best response? "You are unable to store glucose, because you do not have insulin, and sulfonylurea work like insulin, helping with glucose storage." "You must be mistaken. If your friend has diabetes mellitus, she is taking insulin." "Sulfonylurea will lower your blood sugar too much, and you will be hypoglycemic." "Sulfonylurea increases beta-cell stimulation to secrete insulin, and with your type of diabetes, the beta cells do not contain insulin. This medication will not work for you."

"Sulfonylurea increases beta-cell stimulation to secrete insulin, and with your type of diabetes, the beta cells do not contain insulin. This medication will not work for you."

The nurse receives the following order for insulin: IV NPH (Humulin NPH) 10 units. The nurse will perform which action? Administer the dose as ordered. Clarify the insulin type and route. Give the drug subcutaneously. Question the insulin dose.

Clarify the insulin type and route.

A young woman who is contemplating pregnancy asks the nurse what she can do to get healthy in preparation for pregnancy. The nurse will recommend which dietary supplement? 60 mg of elemental iron per day 400 mcg of folic acid per day 400 IU of vitamin D per day 1200 mg of calcium per day

400 mcg of folic acid per day

A patient is ordered to receive insulin lispro at mealtimes. The nurse will instruct this patient to administer the medication at which time? 5 min before eating 15 min after eating 30 min before eating 10 min after eating

5 min before eating

A pregnant woman who has morning sickness asks the nurse what she can do to decrease her symptoms. The nurse will counsel her to take which action? Avoid fatty foods. Drink fluids with meals. Make breakfast the largest meal of the day. Take an iron supplement in the morning.

Avoid fatty foods.

A patient has administered regular insulin 30 min prior but has not received a breakfast tray. The patient is experiencing nervousness and tremors. What is the nurse's first action? Administer glucagon. Give the patient orange juice. Notify the kitchen to deliver the tray. Perform bedside glucose testing.

Give the patient orange juice.

A patient who has been taking metformin (Glucophage) will begin taking a sulfonylurea antidiabetic medication. The nurse understands that this patient is at increased risk for which condition? Hypoglycemia Hyperglycemia Bone marrow suppression Respiratory distress

Hypoglycemia

The nurse is caring for a woman who is experiencing premature labor. The provider has ordered intravenous terbutaline to be given. The nurse will explain that this medication will have which action? It will decrease uterine contractions. It will enhance fetal lung development. It will increase fetal blood supply. It will lower her blood pressure

It will decrease uterine contractions.

The nurse administers NPH insulin at 8 AM. What intervention is essential for the nurse to perform? Make sure the patient has food in front of them before administration. Assess the patient for hypoglycemia by 9 AM. Make sure patient eats by 5 PM. Administer the insulin via IV.

Make sure patient eats by 5 PM.

A woman comes to the clinic for a Depo-Provera injection. The nurse reviews her medical record and notes that it has been 100 days since her last injection. What action will the nurse perform? Administer Depo-Provera 150 mg IM Give Depo-Provera 300 mg IM Perform a pregnancy test Suggest she wait until she has had a period.

Perform a pregnancy test

A pregnant woman reports having constipation and has tried dietary changes without success. What will the nurse recommend? Bisacodyl (Dulcolax) Mineral oil Psyllium (Metamucil) Senna (Senokot)

Psyllium (Metamucil)

The nursing assistant reports to the nurse that they suspect a patient is experiencing hypoglycemia. Which of the following most likely indicates this? Vomiting Elevated temperature Shakiness Reddening of the skin

Shakiness

The nurse will administer parenteral insulin to a patient who will receive a mixture of NPH (Humulin NPH) and regular (Humulin R). The nurse will give this medication via which route? Intradermal Intramuscular Intravenous Subcutaneous

Subcutaneous

A woman who has recently begun taking a combination oral contraceptive calls the clinic to report breakthrough bleeding. The nurse will advise her to use a back-up method of contraception. counsel her to continue taking the contraceptive as prescribed. recommend discussing an alternative contraceptive with her provider. suggest that she perform a home pregnancy test to rule out pregnancy.

counsel her to continue taking the contraceptive as prescribed.

A 35-year-old woman asks the nurse about oral contraceptives. The nurse learns that the patient smokes and has a family history of venous thromboembolism (VTE). The nurse will suggest that the patient discuss a progestin-only oral contraceptive with her provider. may want to consider having a tubal ligation. use a transdermal contraceptive product. will not be a candidate for oral contraceptive products.

discuss a progestin-only oral contraceptive with her provider.

A patient who is unconscious and has a pulse is brought to the emergency department. The patient is wearing a Medic-Alert bracelet indicating type 1 diabetes mellitus. The nurse will anticipate an order to administer epinephrine. glucagon. insulin regular. orange juice.

glucagon.

A 45-year-old woman who has not had a period for 15 months reports severe hot flashes and poor sleep. The nurse reviews information about hormone replacement therapy and tells this woman that hormone therapy is very safe and may be used freely to treat menopausal symptoms. may be used indefinitely to treat menopausal symptoms. should be used at the lowest dose possible for less than 5 years. will be necessary to prevent osteoporosis caused by estrogen depletion.

should be used at the lowest dose possible for less than 5 years.