PHARM ATI Questions

A nurse is teaching a female client about vit A supplementation. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?

"A deficiency of vit A can cause night blindness."

A nurse is administering ciprofloxacin and phenaxopyridine to a client who has a severe UTI. The client asks why both medications are needed. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

"Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride treats the infection and phenazopyridine treats pain."

A nurse is providing discharge teaching about lithium toxicity to a client who has a new prescription for lithium. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

"I can develop lithium toxicity if I experience vomiting or diarrhea."

A nurse is assessing a client with RA who has been taking high doses of prescribed hydroxychloroquine. Which of the following client statements should indicate to the nurse that the client is experiencing an adverse effect of the medication?

"I have had a change in my vision recently" Rationale: the nurse should identify that Hydroxychloroquine is an antimalarial medication used to treat rheumatoid arthritis. Clients who take Hydroxychloroquine in high doses are at risk for developing retinopathy, which can be irreversible and cause blindness

A nurse is caring for a client who as TB and is taking rifampin. Which of the following client statements should indicate to the nurse that the client is experiencing an adverse effect of the medication?

"I have noticed my urine is orange in color." Rationale: Adverse effect of rifampin can be red-orange colored urine, saliva, sweat, and tears as the medication is excrete from the body. Inform the patient that permanent staining of contact lens can occur. Patient should inform nurse if the urine becomes dark in color this is an indication of hepatotoxicity.

A nurse is teaching a client who has a prescription for scopolamine patches for the tx of motion sickness. Which of the following client statements should indicate to the nurse that the teaching has been effective?

"I should apply this patch behind my ear"

A nurse is teaching about the adverse effects of baclofen with a client who has MS with spasms. Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the client understands the teaching?

"I should not stop taking this medication suddenly."

A nurse is teaching a client who has systemic lupus erythematosus about a new prescription for oral glucocorticoid therapy. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?

"I should take a calcium supplement while on this medication."

A nurse is teaching a client who is about to start taking propylthiouracil to treat hyperthyroidism. Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the teaching has been effective?

"I will need laboratory tests to check my liver function." Rationale: The medication is hepatotoxic and can cause severe liver injury. The nurse should instruct the client to report dark urine and yellowing of eyes, which can indicate an injury of the liver.

A nurse is teaching a client who has osteoporosis about a new prescription for risedronate. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?

"I will take this medication with a full cup of water" Rationale: The nurse should instruct that. The medication should be taken with six to 8 ounces of water.

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for warfarin. Which of the following statement should the nurse identify as an indication that the client understands the instructions?

"I'll avoid contact sports like football."

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving chlorpromazine to treat schizophrenia. Which of the following statements by the client should prompt the nurse to notify the provider immediately?

"My tongue keeps moving like a worm."

A nurse is teaching a client who has persistent CA pain about the adverse effects of opioids. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?

"Physical dependence is not the same as addiction"

A nurse is caring for t a client who has been taking isoniazid and rifampin for 3 weeks for the tx of active pulmonary TB. The client reports his urine in an orange color. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

"Rifampin can turn body fluids orange."

A nurse is teaching a client with chronic asthma who has a new prescription for cromolyn. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

"The medication's therapeutic effects can take up to several weeks to develop." Rationale: The nurse should include in the teaching that effects of cromolyn can take up to several weeks to develop

A nurse is teaching a client who has been taking an NSAID to treat RA. During the client's first month checkup, the provider prescribed methotrexate to be added to the medication regimen. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching about the purpose of this change in the client's medication?

"This medication was added to delay the disease progression." Rationale: Methotrexate to be added to the medication regimen along with an NSAID to delay the progression of the disease and to delay joint damage or deformity that can result from the disease.

A nurse is teaching a client who has allergic rhinitis about a new prescription for brompheniramine. Which of the following pieces of info should the nurse include in the teaching?

"You might find that you develop a dry mouth." Rationale: a client who takes first generation antihistamine, such brompheniramine, can experience cholinergic effects that can cause drying of mucus membranes in the mouth., passages, and throat. taking frequent sips of liquid or sucking on a hard sugarless candy can help relieve dry mouth period

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has MS and a new prescription for baclofen PO. Which of the following pieces of info should the nurse include?

"You should change positions slowly while taking this medication."

A nurse is teaching about the adverse effects of morphine with a client who has acute pain. Which of the following statement should the nurse include in the teaching?

"You should increase your fluid intake"

A nurse is providing teaching about antiretroviral medication therapy to a client who has a new diagnosis of AIDS. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?

"You should take antiretroviral medications on a routine schedule"

An 18 month old toddler who has Kawasaki disease. The child is receiving IV immune globulin. The guardian asks the nurse to administer the child's scheduled measles, mumps, rubella vaccine before discharge. Which of the following responses should the nurse provide?

"Your child will not be able to receive the MMR vaccine for at least 3 months after discharge"

A nurse is preparing to administer levothyroxine 12.5 mcg PO daily to a client who has hypothyroidism. 25 mcg/1 tab is available. How many tablets should the nurse administer per dose?

0.5

A nurse is preparing to administer atropine 0.6 mg IM preoperatively to a client. The amount available is atroping 0.4 mg/1 mL. How many mL should the nurse plan to administer?

1.5

A nurse is preparing to administer heparin 500 units/hr to a client who has a DVT. Heparin is available at 25,000 units in 500 mL of 5% dextrose in water. The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL/hr?

10

A nurse is preparing to administer fosphenytoin 550 mg via IV bolus to a client who is having a seizure. Fosphenytoin 50 mg/1 mL is available. How many mL should the nurse administer?

11

A nurse is preparing to administer furosemide 4 mg/kg/day PO divided into 2 equal doses daily to a toddler who weighs 22 lb. How many mg should the nurse administer per dose?

20

A nurse is preparing to administer cefepime 1g in D5W 50 mL over 30 min to a client who has pneumonia. The drop factor of the manual IV tubing is 15 gtt/mL. The nurse should set the manual IV infusion to deliver how many gtt/min?

25

A nurse is preparing to administer acetaminophen 1 g PO 3 times per day PRN to a client who has a fever. The amount available is 325 mg/1 tab. How many tab should the nurse administer per dose?

3 tab

A nurse is preparing to administer 150 units/hr of regular insulin to a client. Regular insulin is available at 1500 units in 0.9% sodium chloride 500 mL. The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL/hr?

50

A nurse is preparing to administer dextrose 5% in 0.45% sodium chloride 400 mL IV to an older adult client over 8 hr. The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL/hr?

50

A nurse is preparing to administer ampicillin 50 mg/kg/day PO divided into 4 equal doses for a toddler who weighs 33 lb. 125 mg/5 mL oral solution is available. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose?

7.5

A nurse is assessing a client who is experiencing chest pain. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer to suppress the aggregation of platelets?

ASA

A nurse is preparing to administer medications to a client who is NPO and is receiving enteral feedings through an NG tube. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse clarify with the provider?

ASA EC 325 mg per NG tube daily

A nurse is evaluating how a client who is pregnant is responding to a medication. Which of the following physiological effects of pregnancy should the nurse take into consideration?

Accelerated excretion of fluids Rationale: there are physiological changes in the kidneys with pregnancy, including accelerated expiration from increase renal blood flow. This results in increased glomerular filtration. To compensate for accelerated excretion, dosages of medication that glomerular filtration eliminates must be increased to achieve a comparable therapeutic effect.

A nurse is caring for a client who has PUD and reports a HA. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer?

Acetaminiophen

A nurse is preparing to administer iron dextran IV to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?

Administer a small test dose before giving the full dose

A nurse is providing teaching to the parents of a school-age child with asthma about medications for bronchospasm. Which of the following inhaled medications should the nurse instruct the parents to use to relieve an acute asthma attack?

Albuterol Rationale: short acting beta 2 adrenergic agonist, one or two puffs every 4 to 6 hours PRN is usually the recommended dose for a school age child

A nurse is preparing to administer nitroglycerin topical ointment to a client who has angina. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Apply the ointment using a dose-measuring appicator.

A nurse working in the emergency department is admitting a client who has a gastric ulcer and GI bleeding. Which of the following factors in the client's medical history should the nurse report to the provider?

Arthritis treated with ibuprofen every 8 hours as needed

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has HTN and a new prescription for oral clonidine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

Avoid driving until the client's reaction to the medication is known. Rationale: Clonidine can cause drowsiness, weakness, sedation, and other CNS effects. Until the client's response to the medication is known, the nurse should instruct the client to avoid driving or handling other potentially hazardous equipment. Over time, the effects are likely to decrease.

A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for clopidogrel. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?

Bleeding

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving IV famotidine. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse report to the provider immediately?

Bloody stools

A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing cycloplegia following the administration of atropine eye drops during an eye examination. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect as a result of cyloplegia?

Blurred vision Rationale: assessment findings of the medication include blurred vision because focusing for new vision is impaired. This action occurs following the administration of atropine because the paralysis of the ciliary muscle prevents near vision focus. Accommodation or looking from far to near and vice versa, and is a temporarily impaired.

A nurse is planning discharge teaching for a client who has major depressive disorder and a new prescription for phenelzine. Which of the following foods should the nurse include in the plan as safe for the client to consume while taking phenelzine?

Broiled beef steak

A nurse is caring for a client who takes sulfasalazine twice daily for RA. Which of the following values should the nurse review prior to the administration of the medication?

CBC Rationale: the nurse should identify that the medication can cause bone marrow suppression, which can lead to agranulocytosis, Hemolytic anemia, and macrocytic anemia. As a result, the client's complete blood count should be periodically monitored., and the nurse should review it prior to administering the medication.

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has hypothyroidism and is taking levothyroxine. The nurse should instruct the client that which of the following findings is an indication of thyrotoxicosis?

Chest pain

A nurse is completing the admission history for a client who reports drinking 1 pint of whiskey every day for 6 years. The client's last drink was 10 hours ago. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer upon admission?

Chlordiazepoxide

A nurse is caring for a client who has alcohol use disorder and was admitted with lower extremity fx following a MVA. A few hours after admission, the cllient develops restlessness and tremors. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate administering the client first?

Chlordiazepoxide Rationale: The nurse should expect to administer chlordiazepoxide to a client who is experiencing manifestations of acute alcohol withdrawal. Chlordiazepoxide is a benzodiazepine, this class of medications is often used to facilitate withdrawal. Chlordiazepoxide assists with decreasing withdrawal manifestations, stabilizing vital signs and preventing seizures and delirium tremens,

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for meperidine 500 mg PO q 4-6 hrs to manage pain. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Contact the provider for clarification of the prescription

A nurse is assessing a client who has AIDS and is taking zidovudine. Which of the following findings is the priority for the nurse to report to the provider?

Decreased hemoglobin

A nurse is caring for a client who takes GInkgo biloba daily at home. Which of the following effects should the nurse expect from the use of this herbal supplement?

Decreased platelet aggregation

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking acarbose to treat type 2 DM. For which of the following adverse effects of this medication should the nurse monitor the client?

Diarrhea Rationale: the most common adverse effect of our caboose, an alpha glucoside inhibitor, or gastrointestinal. They include diarrhea, abdominal distention and cramping, and flatulence.

A nurse is caring for a client who has atrial fibrillation and is scheduled for cardioversion. The nurse should anticipate a prescription from the provider for which of the following medications for this procedure?

Diltiazem

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving continuous cardiac monitoring. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate administering to treat atrial fibrillation?

Diltiazem Rationale: Diltiazem, a calcium channel blocker, is used to slow the ventricular rate in atrial fibrillation or flutter. The medication is also prescribed to treat hypertension, angina, and other super ventricular tachyarrhythmias.

A nurse is caring for a client who has acute glomerulonephritis and a prescription for furosemide. The nurse should monitor the client for which for the following therapeutic effects of this medication?

Diuresis

A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has a prescription for zolpidem at bedtime to promote sleep. The nurse should plan to monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?

Dizziness

A nurse is preparing to administer amlodipine to a client who has hypertension. The nurse should plan to monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects of the medication?

Dizziness, palpitation, peripheral edema Rationale: Hypotension and dizziness are potential adverse effects of this medication. The nurse should monitor the client's blood pressure and instruct the client to change positions slowly.

A nurse is caring for a client who has a vit K deficiency. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect?

Excessive bruising

A nurse is caring for a female client who has been taking clomiphene to treat infertility. Which of the following findings should indicate that the medication has been effective?

Follicular enlargement and conversion to corpus luteum after ovulation Rationale: successful treatment reveals progressive follicular enlargement, followed by conversion of the follicle to a corpus luteum after ovulation occurs.

A nurse is caring for a client who has hyperlipidemia and is receiving simvastatin 40 mg PO daily. Which of the following items should the nurse remove from the client's breakfast tray before it is delivered to the room?

Grapefruit juice

A nurse is reviewing the medical history of a client who has spasticity due to MS and a new prescription for tizanidine. Which of the following comorbidities increases the client's risk of adverse effects while taking this medication?

Hepatitis

A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client with RA who has a prescription for infliximab. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a contraindication to the client receiving this medication?

Hepatitis B virus

A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has postmenopausal osteoporosis and a prescription for raloxifene. Which of the following findings in the client's medical record should the nurse identify as a contraindication to receiving this medication?

Hx of DVT

A nurse is preparing a continuous IV infusion of erythromycin lactobionate for a client who has a Bordetella pertussis infection. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to minimize the risk of thrombophelebitis?

Infuse the medication slowly Rationale: the nurse should infuse erythromycin slowly to minimize the risk of thrombophlebitis, which is an inflammatory resulting from the formation of a blood clot in a vein. These blood clots usually form in the legs.

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has ulcerative colitis and a new prescription for sulfasalazine. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects of this medication?

Jaundice Rationale: Sulfasalazine can cause a yellow discoloration of the skin and yellow/orange discoloration of the urine. Nurse should instruct the client to notify the provider if these occur.

A nurse is reviewing the medication administration record of a client who has impaired swallowing. The nurse should crush the medication when administering which of the following prescriptions?

Levothyroxine 75 mcg PO q AM before breakfast

A nurse working in a mental health facility is admitting a client with opioid use disorder who is experiencing withdrawal. The nurse should anticipate a prescription for which of the following medications from the provider?

Methadone Rationale the nurse should anticipate a prescription from the provider for methadone for a client who is experiencing opioid withdrawal. Methadone is an opioid medication that is used for pain management and treatment of ritual manifestations in clients who have opioid use disorder.

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for amphotericin B. The nurse should plan to monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?

Nephrotoxicity Rationale: - Amphotericin B is an antifungal medication used to treat severe fungal infections, however it, can cause nephrotoxicity. The nurse should monitor the client's creatinine every 3 to 4 days and increase fluid intake. The dosage of amphotericin B should be reduced if the client's creatinine is 3.5 mg or greater.

A nurse is admitting a client who has unstable angina. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate administering to the client?

Nitroglycerin

A nurse is providing teaching to a client with asthma who has a new prescription for a short-acting beta-2 agonist (SABA) bronchodilator. Which of the following pieces of info should the nurse share?

Notify the provider if the SABA is needed more than twice per week. Rationale if SABA is needed more than 2x a week provider should be notified for a prescription for a LABA might be required.

A nurse is caring for a client who has schizophrenia and a prescription for chlorpromazine. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor?

Orthostatic hypotension

A nurse is teaching a client who has ADHD and is starting therapy with an amphetamine/dextroamphetamine mixture. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse instruct the client to identify as an adverse effect and report to the provider?

Palpitations

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking glucocorticoids. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects of the medication?

Peptic ulcer

A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about contraindicaton to ceftriaxone. A severe allergy to which of the following medications is a contraindication to ceftriaxone?

Piperacillin

A nurse is assigned to care for several clients who are postoperative. The client taking with of the following medications is at risk of delayed wound healing?

Prednisone to treat persistent arthritis exacerbations

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has chronic kidney failure with an AV fistula for hemodialysis and a new prescription for epoetin alfa. Which of the following therapeutic effects of epoetin alfa should the nurse include in the teaching?

Promotes RBC production

A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing an acute asthma exacerbation. Which of the following medications should the nurse identify as being contraindicated for this client?

Propranolol

A nurse is caring for a client who is at 6 weeks of gestation and has just received a diagnosis of hyperthyroidism. The nurse should anticipate a prescription from the provider for which of the following medications?

Propylthiouracil

A nurse is caring for a client who has TB and is taking rifampin. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects of rifampin?

Red-tinged urine

A nurse is teaching self-administration of NPH insulin to a client who has type 2 DM. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Rotate injection sites within the same area. Rationale: To prevent lipodystrophy, the client should rotate injection site and keep them about 2.5 cm apart within the same anatomical area.

A nurse is caring for a client who has asthma and requires long-term treatment. The nurse should identify that which of the following medications used for long-term treatment places the client at an increased risk of asthma-related death?

Salmeterol

A nurse is reviewing laboratory reports for a client who has c diff. and is receiving vancomycin. Which of the following results should the nurse report to the provider before administering the next dose?

Serum creatinine 2.5 mg/dL

A nurse is caring for a client who as cystic fibrosis and has a prescription for high-dose ibuprofen daily. The nurse should identify that which of the following is an expected outcome for the client receiving this medication?

Slowed progression of pulmonary damage Rationale: The nurse should identify that clients who have CF are prescribed high dose ibuprofen which is an NSAID, TO SLOW PROGRESSION OF PULMONARY Damage by suppressing the inflammatory response that causes pulmonary damage. CF is a genetic disorder that primarily affects the lungs, pancreas, and sweat glands

A nurse is caring for a female client who has osteoporosis and is taking raloxifene. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client is experiencing an adverse effect of this medication?

Sudden onset of dyspnea Rationale: clients who take raloxifene have an increased risk of thromboembolic events such as dvt, pulmonary embolism, or stroke

A nurse is administering subq epinephrine for a client who is experiencing anaphylaxis. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?

Tachycardia

A nurse in a provider's office is providing teaching to a client with osteoporosis who has a new prescription for alendronate sodium. Which of the following pieces of info should the nurse include?

Take alendronate sodium with a full glass of water on an empty stomach.

A nurse is teaching a client with type 2 DM about self-administration of a new prescription for acarbose. Which of the following pieces of info should the nurse include in the teaching?

Tell the client to take the medication with food. Rationale: Acarbose should be taking with food. The nurse should advise that the client that this medication should be taken with the first bite of a meal three times each day. Acarbose inhibits an enzyme. In the intestines that slows the digestion of carbohydrates and results in a lower post prandial increase of blood glucose levels.

A nurse is assessing a client who has cystic fibrosis. Which of the following pieces of info indicates a therapeutic response to pancreatic enzyme replacement?

The client is having 1-2 BM per day

A nurse is reviewing the medication history of a client who has asthma. Which of the following medication combinations should the nurse identify as incompatible?

Theophylline and zileuton Rationale: - Zileuton, a leukotriene modifier, impairs the metabolism of certain medications. Concurrent use of zileuton with theophylline can cause toxicity due to elevated theophylline, which is systemic methyl xanthine used to relax the smooth muscles of the airway. Therefore, these medications are incompatible when used together.

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for lisinopril. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching as an adverse effect of lisinopril?

Tongue swelling

A nurse is assessing a client who takes oral theophylline for chronic bronchitis relief. The nurse should recognize that which of the following findings indicates toxicity to theophylline?

Tremors

A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing a seizure while in bed. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Turn the client's head to the side

A nurse is caring for a client who is developing acute pulmonary edema and has a new prescription for furosemide 40 mg IV bolus. The nurse should plan to administer the medication using which of the following methods?

Undiluted administered over 2 min

A nurse is preparing to administer 100 unites of insulin glargine and 4 units of NPH insulin subcutaneously to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?

Use separate syringes for administering insulin glargine and NPH insulin. Rationale: the nurse should not mix insulin glargine with any other insulin The nurse should administer the NPH insulin and insulin glargine separately.

A nurse is assessing a client who has HF and is receiving digoxin. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse the client is experiencing digoxin toxicity?

Visual disturbances

A nurse is caring for a client who takes warfarin 2.5 mg PO daily and has an INR of 6.2. The nurse should anticipate a prescription form the provider for which of the following medications?

Vitamin K

A nurse is caring for a client who has severe asthma and allergic rhinitis. The client is taking theophylline. Which of the following medications should the nurse identify as being incompatible with theophylline?

Zafirlllukast Rationale the nurse should identify that zafirlukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist prescribed for asthma maintenance. Concurrent use of zafirlukast along with theophylline suppresses the metabolism of theophylline, which can lead to toxicity. Therefore, another medication should be.

A nurse is planning to administer epoetin alfa to a client who has chronic kidney failure. Which of the following should the nurse plan to review prior to administering this medication?

blood pressure

A nurse is monitoring a client who is receiving lactulose for cirrhosis. Which of the following laboratory values related to this medication should indicate to the nurse that the treatment is effective

decreased serum ammonia Rationale: the nurse should identify that Lactulose is a laxative that can be used for chronic liver disorders such as cirrhosis. Lactulose improves the clients condition by decreasing ammonia levels to root, enhancing intestinal secretions. Of ammonia so that it can be eliminated from the body.

A nurse is caring for a client who developed hypoglycemia following an insulin injection. The client is conscious and responds appropriately to verbal stimuli. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer first?

oral glucose tab