Pharm Ch 14 Prepu
A client with leukemia is being treated with a combination of antineoplastics, including methotrexate. The client's most recent laboratory results indicate the client is experiencing bone marrow suppression. What is the nurse's priority action?
Ensure that all staff and visitors adhere to infection control precautions.
An adult client who has been diagnosed with a rectal tumor is scheduled to begin treatment with cisplatin.The nurse has conducted client teaching about the possibility of nausea and vomiting. In order to reduce the client's risk of severe nausea, the nurse should:
administer a combination of antiemetics prior to the administration of the drug.
A male client is informed that the latest tests indicate that his cancer has spread to his liver. The client receives capecitabine as part of his treatment regimen. What would the nurse expect the health care provider to do?
Monitor the client closely and repeat LFTs routinely.
A client develops leukopenia after receiving chemotherapy. Which nursing diagnosis would be mostappropriate?
Risk for infection
A patient is diagnosed with a brain tumor. The patient is told that the cancer cells proliferate. The patient asks the nurse what this means. What is the nurse's best response?
"The proliferation is the growth of cancer cells and the rate of growth."
A client received an injection of doxorubicin and is now observing a reddish urine. The client reports blood in the urine to the nurse. How should the nurse respond?
"The reddish urine is an expected response to the drug."
A 49-year-old client is diagnosed with ovarian cancer. What is a characteristic of malignant cells that differentiates them from normal body cells?
Cancerous cells grow in an uncontrollable fashion.
A client on the oncology unit has begun chemotherapy with a regimen that includes bendamustine. The client has begun to experience alopecia. The nurse should prioritize assessments related to what potential nursing diagnosis?
Disturbed body image
A 26-year-old man with testicular cancer is prescribed combination chemotherapy that involves using two drugs that are effective against testicular tumors. Combination drug therapy is superior to single-drug therapy because of:
Higher tumor response rates
A client's chemotherapeutic regimen includes procarbazine. What is the client's most likely diagnosis?
Hodgkin lymphoma
A male client is diagnosed with prostate cancer. The treatment modality of choice includes both surgery and chemotherapy. What does the chemotherapeutic option include?
Hormonal therapies
A client's chemotherapy regimen has been deemed successful, but the client is experiencing debilitating nausea and vomiting. These adverse effects should signal the nurse to the possibility of what nursing diagnosis?
Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements
A nurse is administering an antineoplastic extravasation occurs. How can the nurse best prevent tissue damage caused by extravasation?
Inspect the site frequently for redness or swelling
An elderly man has been admitted to a residential care facility and the nurse has conducted a medication reconciliation. The man has taken numerous drugs in the past, including a course of bicalutamide (Casodex) several years earlier. The nurse recognizes this drug as being an antiandrogen and is consequently justified in presuming that the man has a history of what disease?
Prostate cancer
A client is prescribed doxorubicin drug therapy for carcinoma of the breast. On the second day of drug therapy, she calls in to report reddish urine. What should the nurse do?
Reassure the client that it is a harmless and expected response to the drug.
A patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) will be starting a course of doxorubicin shortly. When planning this patient's care, what nursing diagnosis should the nurse prioritize?
Risk for Infection related to suppressed bone marrow function
A postmenopausal woman with breast cancer will most likely be treated with which anti-estrogen drug?
Tamoxifen
A client is undergoing a cytotoxic chemotherapy regimen for the treatment of stage III lung cancer. What effect will this regimen likely have on the client's hemostatic function?
The client's platelet count will decline.
What should the oncology nurse understand when administering a cell cycle-nonspecific chemotherapeutic agent about its effect?
The drug will be effective through all phases of the cell cycle.
An older adult woman has been diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and her care team has identified potential benefits of imatinib. Which characteristic of this patient's current health status may preclude the use of imatinib?
The patient has chronic heart failure resulting in significant peripheral edema.
When describing the process of cancer cell growth to a client, the nurse addresses angiogenesis. Which description would the nurse include?
The process of creating new blood vessels to supply oxygen and nutrients to the cells
A client with a diagnosis of bladder cancer is started on a chemotherapeutic regimen that includes three agents. What is the rationale for using multiple antineoplastic agents?
The use of three agents decreases the development of cell resistance.
What rationale should the nurse provide to the client when describing the necessity of recovery periods between treatment cycles of chemotherapy?
Time is needed to replace many of the healthy body cells killed by chemotherapy.
The nurse may be asked to administer which medications to a client to counteract the increase in uric acid and subsequent hyperuricemia resulting from the metabolic waste buildup from rapid tumor lysis?
allopurinol
A 79-year-old woman has recently moved to a long-term care facility, and the nurse at the facility is conducting a medication reconciliation. The nurse notes that the woman has recently been taking tamoxifen. The nurse is justified in concluding that the woman has a history of what malignancy?
breast cancer
The oncology nurse understands that chemotherapeutic agents are most effective during a particular phase of the cell cycle. This means the agents are:
cell cycle-specific.
A client has been diagnosed with a brain tumor and is dealing with this diagnosis by seeking detailed information about cancer. The nurse would explain to the client that cancer is essentially a result of the disruption of the:
cell cycle.
A 63-year-old male patient has just begun treatment with IV paclitaxel. About 10 minutes into the infusion, the nurse becomes concerned about a possible anaphylactic reaction to the drug because the patient is experiencing:
dyspnea.
What health education topic should the community health nurse emphasize when planning care for a client who will be prescribed an oral chemotherapy drug for the next several months while recovering at home?
techniques for safely handling the drug
A 25-year-old female client is prescribed methotrexate to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The nurse should teach the client to:
use an effective contraceptive.
A female patient is taking oral cyclophosphamide therapy for breast cancer. Because of possible adverse effects of the drug, the nurse will instruct the patient to:
drink a lot of water.
A patient has just received the first dose of imatinib and the nurse on the oncology unit is amending the patient's care plan accordingly. What nursing diagnosis is most appropriate in light of this addition to the patient's drug regimen?
Risk for Infection related to bone marrow suppression
A female client is ending an extensive chemotherapeutic regimen that included cytotoxic antineoplastic drugs. What does the nurse understand about bone marrow toxicity in this client?
It is a common adverse effect of her treatment.
An adult client has recently begun cancer treatment with methotrexate (MTX). When reviewing this client's laboratory work, the nurse should consequently prioritize assessment of which of the following?
BUN and creatinine
What potential benefit is unique to biologic agent therapies?
They may affect cancer cells while leaving normal body cells unaffected.
