pharm hesi questions

formula for fluids after burns (1st 24 hours)

4mL x % body burned x body weight (kg) **1st half of this is in first 8 hours

While the nurse is at the bedside of a client in acute renal failure, the client states, "My healthcare provider said that I will be getting some insulin. Do I also have diabetes?" What is the best nursing response? A. No, the insulin will help your body handle the increased K level B. I suggest that you ask your HCP that question C. You prob had an elevated blood glucose level, so your HCP is being cautious D. No, but insulin will reduce the toxins in your blood by lowering your metabolic rate

A. No, the insulin will help your body handle the increased K level

A client who is receiving phenytoin to control a seizure disorder questions the nurse regarding this medication after discharge. How will the nurse respond? A. anti-seizure drugs will probably be continued for life B. Phenytoin prevents any further occurrence of seizure C. This drug needs to be taken during periods of emotional stress D. Your anti-seizure drug usually can be stopped after a year's absence of seizures

A. anti-seizure drugs will probably be continued for life

After a surgical thyroidectomy a client exhibits carpopedal spasm and some tremors. The client complains of tingling in the fingers and around the mouth. What medication should the nurse expect the primary health care provider to prescribe after being notified of the client's adaptations? A. potassium iodide B. Calcium gluconate C. mag sulfate D. potassium chloride

B. Calcium gluconate Client is experiencing S/S of hypocalcemia // calcium gluconate is administered to treat hypocalcemia. Potassium iodide is prescribed for hyperthyroidism because it inhibits the release of thyroid hormones

A client has had a total gastrectomy. What should the nurse include in the discharge teaching? A. Daily use of a stool softener B. Injections of vitamin B12 for life C. Monthly injections if iron dextran D. Replacement of pancreatic enzymes

B. Injections of vitamin B12 for life Intrinsic factor is lost with removal of the stomach, and vitamin B 12 is needed to maintain the hemoglobin level and prevent pernicious anemia

Which info from the client's hx does the nurse identify as a risk factor for developing osteoporosis A. Takes estrogen therapy B. Receives long-term steroid therapy C. Has a hx of hypoparathyroidism D. Engages in strenuous physical activity

B. Receives long-term steroid therapy Increased levels of steroids will accelerate bone demineralization

A client is receiving intravenous mannitol after sustaining a critical head injury. What assessment will the nurse perform that is specific to the safe administration of the medication? A. Body weight daily B. Urine output hourly C. Vital signs every 2 hours D. Level of consciousness every 8 hours

B. Urine output hourly

A nurse assesses a client's intravenous site. What clinical finding, unique to infiltration, leads the nurse to conclude that the intravenous (IV) site has infiltrated, rather than become inflamed? A. pain B. coolness C. localized swelling D. cessation in flow of solution

B. coolness When an IV infiltrates, the IV solution entering the interstitial space is at room temperature (approximately 75° F [23.9° C]); therefore, the client's skin will feel cool to the touch at the site of an IV infiltration.

A client with a recent history of sinusitis develops meningitis and demonstrates a positive Brudzinski sign. What is the priority nursing care? A. Monitoring ICP B. Adding pads to the side of the bed C. Administering prescribed antibiotics D. Hydrating the client with hypotonic saline

C. Administering prescribed antibiotics ***Brudzinski sign (when the neck is flexed while in the supine position, flexion of the hips occurs) indicates bacterial meningitis,

After a basal cell carcinoma is removed by fulguration, a client is given a topical steroid to apply to the surgical site. The nurse evaluates that the teaching regarding steroids and skin lesions is effective when the client identifies which action as the primary purpose of the medication? A. Prevent infection of the wound B. Increase fluid loss from the skin C. Reduce inflammation at the surgical site D. Limit itching around the area of the lesion

C. Reduce inflammation at the surgical site Steroids are used for their anti-inflammatory, vasoconstrictive, and antipruritic effects // Steroids increase the incidence of infections because they are anti-inflammatory agents and mask symptoms of infection.

A client with gastric ulcer disease asks the nurse why the HCP has prescribed metronidazole. What purpose does the nurse provide? A. To augment the immune response B. To potentiate the effect of antacids C. To treat H. pylori infection D. To reduce hydrochloric acid secretion

C. To treat H. pylori infection

A client with Hodgkin disease is placed on an ABVD combination chemotherapy regimen. Because doxorubicin is part of this therapy, what education will the nurse provide about this drug A. cease taking any medication that contain vitamin D B. keep the doxorubicin in a dark place protected from light C. expect urine to turn red for a few days after taking this drug D. take the doxorubucin on an empty stomach with large amounts of fluid

C. expect urine to turn red for a few days after taking this drug Doxorubicin causes the urine to turn red for a few days; the client should be informed of this expectation so as not to become alarmed when it occurs It is unnecessary to keep it in a dark area

A client who is receiving a cardiac glycoside, a diuretic, and a vasodilator has been placed on bed rest. The client's apical pulse rate is 44 beats per minute. The nurse concludes that the decreased heart rate most likely is a result of which drug? A. Diuretic B. Vasodilator C. Bed rest regimen D. Cardiac glycoside

D. Cardiac glycoside A cardiac glycoside such as digoxin decreases the conduction speed within the myocardium and slows the heart rate. A vasodilator can cause tachycardia, not bradycardia, which is an adverse effect

A nurse is preparing a client for discharge from the emergency department. Which client statement provides evidence that the client understands the instructions for the prescribed high-dose ampicillin? A. I should take this medication with meals B. I can stop taking this medication when I feel better C. I will miss eating my yogurt while taking this medication D. I must increase my intake of fluids while taking this medication

D. I must increase my intake of fluids while taking this medication Penicillin in high doses is nephrotoxic // keeping hydrated helps flush the kidneys as the drug is excreted Should be taken on EMPTY STOMACH for best absorption

A client is diagnosed with Parkinson disease and receives a prescription for levodopa therapy. What does the nurse identify as the drug's mechanism of action? A. blocks the effects of acetylcholine B. increases the production of dopamine C. restores the dopamine levels in the brain D. promotes the production of acetylcholine

C. restores the dopamine levels in the brain Levodopa increases dopamine levels in the brain that are depleted in Parkinson disease // Increasing the production of dopamine is ineffective because it is believed that the cells that produce dopamine have degenerated in Parkinson disease.