Pharm test 1 quiz section

A clinic nurse is developing a teaching handout for patients who are prescribed warfarin (Coumadin) therapy. Which statements should be included in this information? Select one: a. "Tell your dentist you are taking warfarin prior to any procedures." b. "Report to the lab for testing of activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)." c. "Place ice at the injection site if stinging or burning occurs." d. "Take aspirin for minor pain relief."

a. "Tell your dentist you are taking warfarin prior to any procedures."

A patient is taking a medication that has a side effect of constipation. Which classification may cause this? Select all that apply. Select one or more: a. Adrenergic agonist b. Adrenergic antagonist c. Cholinergic agonist d. Cholinergic antagonist

a. Adrenergic agonist and d. Cholinergic antagonist

An oncology patient has been admitted for chemotherapy. After receiving his first treatment the patient begins to complain of shortness of breath, coughing, and fatigue. Which of the following could the patient be experiencing? Select one: a. Cardiotoxicity b. Neurotoxicity c. Hepatotoxicity d. Nephrotoxicity

a. Cardiotoxicity

Which is an example of a function of the autonomic nervous system? a. Contraction of cardiac muscles b. Movement of skeletal muscles c. Organization of thought d. Awareness of position

a. Contraction of cardiac muscles

The patient is receiving 2 medications which are highly protein bound. When one of these medications is discontinued the nurse knows that she should monitor the patient for Select one: a. Decreased therapeutic effects of the medication still being administered b. Increased adverse effects of both medications c. Signs of drug toxicity d. There is no need to monitor the patient

a. Decreased therapeutic effects of the medication still being administered

The nurse is teaching a patient about the role of calcium in hypertension, and explains that a high concentration of calcium in arterial smooth muscle cells leads to which clinical manifestation? Select one: a. Elevated blood pressure b. Hypercalcemia c. Decreased blood pressure d. Hypocalcemia

a. Elevated blood pressure

A patient with hypothyroidism is receiving levothyroxine 25mcg PO daily. Which finding should the nurse recognize as a sign that the patient may not be receiving enough medication? Select one: a. Fatigue b. Hypertension c. Tachycardia d. Insomnia

a. Fatigue

A physician writes the following order: Lisinopril 20 mg po. Hold if systolic BP <100. What is missing from this order? Select one: a. Frequency b. Drug c. Dose d. Assessment e. Route

a. Frequency

A patient's potassium level is low. Which of the following foods would you encourage him to eat? Select one: a. Fresh and dried fruits b. Eggs c. Cheese d. Bacon

a. Fresh and dried fruits

The nurse is providing a medication to a client that will stimulate the sympathetic nervous system. This medication will cause which effects to the patient? Select all that apply. a. Increased heart rate b. Increased blood pressure c. Increased respirations d. Dilated pupils e. Decreased body temperature

a. Increased heart rate b. Increased blood pressure c. Increased respirations d. Dilated pupils

A patient is receiving a Beta Adrenergic Antagonist. What is a desired outcome of this medication? Select one: a. Lowered heart rate b. Constipation c. Elevated heart rate d. Clear breath sounds

a. Lowered heart rate

The nurse is planning care for a patient who is receiving drug therapy for a lipid disorder. What outcomes depict that the patient is experiencing the therapeutic effects of the medication? Select one or more: a. Lowered total cholesterol b. Lowered LDL c. Increased HDL d. Elevated liver enzymes e. Increased triglycerides

a. Lowered total cholesterol b. Lowered LDL c. Increased HDL

Which of the following best describes how the body regulates blood glucose levels? Select one: a. Secretion of insulin by the pancreas which helps the glucose go into the cells b. Secretion of insulin by the pancreas that promotes sugar excretion in the urine c. Secretion of glucagon by the liver which helps the glucose enter the cells d. The secretion of glycogen by the pancreas which increases blood glucose levels

a. Secretion of insulin by the pancreas which helps the glucose go into the cells

The nurse is planning care for a patient prescribed enoxaparin. Which interventions should be included? Select one or more: a. Teach the patient or family to give subcutaneous injections at home. b. Teach the patient symptoms of a deep vein thrombosis. c. Teach the patient to monitor PT/INR levels. d. Teach the patient signs of abnormal bleeding. e. Schedule administration right before breakfast since it should be taken with food.

a. Teach the patient or family to give subcutaneous injections at home. b. Teach the patient symptoms of a deep vein thrombosis. d. Teach the patient signs of abnormal bleeding.

Which of the following is true regarding the RAAS system? Select one: a. The RAAS system is initiated by the kidneys b. The RAAS is initiated by the sympathetic nervous system c. The RAAS is initiated by the baroreceptors in the heart d. The RAAS is initiated by the parasympathetic nervous system

a. The RAAS system is initiated by the kidneys

What does the nurse anticipate about the medications ordered for a client with liver disease? a. They will be in lower doses than normal. b. They will be administered by the parenteral route. c. They will need to be divided evenly throughout the day. d. They will need to be given with an antacid.

a. They will be in lower doses than normal.

The patient prescribed heparin therapy asks how the "blood thinner" works. Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate? Select one: a. "Heparin dissolves the clot." b. "Heparin makes the blood less viscous." c. "Heparin decreases the number of platelets so that blood clots more slowly." d. "Heparin prevents new clots from forming."

d. "Heparin prevents new clots from forming."

The patient is prescribed digoxin for the treatment of heart failure. Which assessment findings would indicate adverse effects of this medication? Select one: a. Anorexia and constipation b. Tachycardia and hypotension c.Anorexia and nausea d.Blurred vision and tachycardia

d. Blurred vision and tachycardia

A Beta2 Adrenergic Agonist is used in the treatment of Select one: a. Tachycardia b. Constipation c. Urinary Tract Infection d. Bronchoconstriction

d. Bronchoconstriction

Some oral medications may be completely metabolized by the liver before they ever reach the targeted cells in the body. This is known as: Select one: a. Blood-brain barrier b. Hepatic enzyme system c. Protein binding complex d. First-pass effect

d. First-pass effect

A patient is prescribed verapamil to treat hypertension and chronic stable angina. Which assessment finding is of greatest concern relative to potential adverse effects of verapamil for this patient? Select one: a. Facial flushing b. Respiratory rate 22 breaths/min c. Pedal edema 1+ d. Heart rate 132 beats/min

d. Heart rate 132 beats/min

The nurse is preparing to administer a beta-adrenergic blocker to a patient experiencing angina. A student nurse asks the nurse why the medication is being used to treat angina. Which mechanism of action will the nurse include in the response to the student? Select one: a. Positive chronotropic effect b. Antidysrhythmic effect c. Positive inotropic effect d. Negative inotropic effect

d. Negative inotropic effect

A patient is receiving an antibiotic with the potential for nephrotoxicity. Which item should the nurse should plan to monitor? a. Urinary concentration of the drug b. Route of drug administration c. Rate of intravenous administration d. Plasma levels of the drug

d. Plasma levels of the drug

A nurse is caring for a patient receiving furosemide daily. Which lab results would the nurse interpret as an adverse effect of this medication? Select one: a. Potassium level of 5.5 b. Sodium level of 150 c. elevated INR d. Potassium level of 3.1

d. Potassium level of 3.1

Which of the following should the nurse include in his teaching about propylthiouracil? Select one: a. They should see a change in their symptoms within a week. b. May cause a metallic taste. c. Sit upright for 30 minutes after taking the medication d. Take with breakfast.

d. Take with breakfast.

A nurse is teaching a 17y.o. patient how to self inject insulin. The patient states, "I know I have to take this everyday because my body no longer produces insulin." What condition is this patient being treated for? Select one: a. Cushing's Syndrome b. Type II DM c. Hyperthyroidism d. Type I DM

d. Type I DM

Which of the following actions on the part of the nurse could help prevent medication errors? Select all that apply. Select one or more: a. Turn off cell phone and pager while preparing medications b. Verify patient identity with name and room number c. Look up medications the nurse in unfamiliar with prior to administering d. Look at 8am vital signs when giving a noon blood pressure medication e. Verify the patient's allergies prior to administering medications

a. Turn off cell phone and pager while preparing medications, Look up medications the nurse in unfamiliar with prior to administering, and e. Verify the patient's allergies prior to administering medications

The nurse checks a newly ordered medication and finds it to be 92% protein bound. How much of the medication will be readily available to the patient once the nurse administers the medication? a. 100% b. 8% c. 50% d. 92%

b. 8%

The patient has a history of cardiac disease and receives furosemide and digoxin. The nurse determines that education about dietary needs with these medications has been effective when the patient makes which selection for lunch? Select one: a. A lunch higher in dairy b. A lunch higher in potassium c. A lunch higher in vitamin K d. A lunch higher in sodium

b. A lunch higher in potassium

Which of the following is the most appropriate definition of a medication error? Select one: a. Administration of an incorrect medication to a patient which causes an injury b. A range from any circumstance that may cause an error through an incorrect dosage given to a patient which causes death or injury c. Any medication mistake that is investigated by the hospital review board d. An error made by a nurse that results in the loss of job and legal action

b. A range from any circumstance that may cause an error through an incorrect dosage given to a patient which causes death or injury

The nurse is reviewing the adverse effects associated with statins with a patient who is prescribed this classification of medication to reduce blood cholesterol levels. The nurse knows the patient has understood the teaching when the patient states which adverse effects associated with statins? Select one or more: a. Hypertension b. Abdominal discomfort c. Elevated kidney function tests d. Blurred vision e. Rhabdomyolysis

b. Abdominal discomfort and e. Rhabdomyolysis

The nurse administers a medication that binds to a beta receptor on the cardiac muscle and exhibits an agonist action. Which effect does the nurse anticipate when assessing the client? a. A decrease in chest pain b. An increase in heart rate c. An increase in blood pressure d. A decrease in electrical conduction

b. An increase in heart rate

A nurse is preparing to administer a medication that will cause constriction of the arteries. The nurse expects that which vital sign parameter will be monitored most closely after administration of this medication? Select one: a. Respiratory Rate b. Blood Pressure c. Temperature d. Pulse Rate

b. Blood Pressure

A patient is receiving a medication to treat hypotension. Which of the following classifications do you anticipate being ordered? Select all that apply. Select one or more: a. Adrenergic antagonist b. Cholinergic antagonist c. Adrenergic agonist d. Cholinergic agonist

b. Cholinergic antagonist c. Adrenergic agonist

A beta1-adrenergic antagonist drug has been added to the regimen of a patient with angina pectoris who is taking a calcium channel blocker. The nurse identifies which assessment finding as representing a goal of therapy related to a common mechanism of action of both drugs? Select one: a. Peripheral edema b. Decreased blood pressure c. Flushing d. Decreased heart rate

b. Decreased blood pressure

What is the role of calcitonin in calcium regulation? Select one: a. Increases calcium by aiding in the absorption of calcium from the intestines b. Decreases calcium by promoting kidney excretion of calcium c. Increases calcium by releasing calcium from the bones d. Decreases calcium by promoting the formation of Vitamin D

b. Decreases calcium by promoting kidney excretion of calcium

You are caring for a patient who is on anticoagulant therapy. You would expect their coagulation labs (PT/aPTT/INR) to be Select one: a. Unchanged b. Elevated c. Decreased d. Concentrated

b. Elevated

Nitroglycerin relieves angina in part by vasodilating veins. What is the primary effect for a client who is prescribed nitroglycerin? Select one: a. Increased cardiac output b. Increased coronary artery perfusion c. Increased heart rate d. Increased contractility

b. Increased coronary artery perfusion

The nurse is reviewing the concept of a drug's half-life for a student nurse, explaining that it is the time it takes for what to happen? a. One-half of the drug to be absorbed b. One-half of the drug to be eliminated by the body c. The drug to elicit a therapeutic response d. The drug to reach the target tissue

b. One-half of the drug to be eliminated by the body

A medication lists hepatotoxicity as a possible side effect. Which of the following would you assess related to this side effect? Select one: a. BUN/creatinine b. Skin for jaundice c. Specific gravity d. Ears for ringing

b. Skin for jaundice

What is the mechanism of action of a cholinergic agonist medication? Select one: a. Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system. b. Stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system. c. Inhibition of the sympathetic nervous system. d. Inhibition of the parasympathetic nervous system

b. Stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system.

Which of the following would we expect to see in a patient taking a corticosteroid? Select one: a. Hypoglycemia b. Tachycardia c. Hypotension d. Fatigue

b. Tachycardia

Which is a priority nursing intervention for a patient who is prescribed enalapril for antihypertensive treatment? Select one: a. Monitor the client for headaches b. Take the client's blood pressure c. Review the client's lab results for hypokalemia d. Order a sodium-restricted diet for the client

b. Take the client's blood pressure

A patient has been prescribed alendronate for osteoporosis. Which of the following should the nurse include while teaching about the administration of this medication? Select all that apply. Select one or more: a. Take before bedtime. b. Take with a full glass of water c. Take with breakfast d. Sit upright for 30 minutes after taking e. Avoid foods high in iodine while taking this medication

b. Take with a full glass of water and d. Sit upright for 30 minutes after taking

While a nursing student is administering 0900 medications on her patient, her instructor asks her why the patient is receiving allopurinol. Which of the following indicates the student understands the reason for this medication? Select one: a. The patient has a history of osteoarthritis b. The patient has a history of gout c. The patient has a history of rheumatoid arthritis d. The patient has a history of hypoglycemia

b. The patient has a history of gout

Which of the following represents a fast physiologic response to hypotension? Select one: a. The kidneys begin to hold reabsorb water to increase fluid volume b. The sympathetic nervous system causes vasoconstriction c. The parasympathetic nervous system causes vasodilation d. The baroreceptors in the heart cause a decrease in heart rate

b. The sympathetic nervous system causes vasoconstriction

Which of the following is true regarding the endocrine system? Select one: a. Controls homeostasis through nerve impulses. b. Uses hormones to aid in organ function. c. Promotes metabolism via neurotransmitters. d. A fast response to hormone levels in the body.

b. Uses hormones to aid in organ function.

A patient has been started on a medication for postoperative pain. When does the nurse anticipate the patient will receive optimal pain relief? a. When the drug concentrates in the muscle tissue b. When the drug reaches a therapeutic range c. When the drug achieves a minimal effective concentration d. When the drug approaches a toxic concentration

b. When the drug reaches a therapeutic range

Which statement indicates that a patient has understood instructions about cholestyramine, a bile acid sequestrant? Select one: a. "I will take this drug when I wake up in the morning." b. "I should take this drug at least ½ hour before taking any other drugs." c. "I will drink plenty of fluids while I am taking this drug." d. "I should report to my doctor any increase in swelling of my ankles."

c. "I will drink plenty of fluids while I am taking this drug."

The nurse is teaching a patient with elevated LDL cholesterol and decreased HDL cholesterol about strategies to manage this disorder. The patient asks the nurse why there is a difference in the direction of change in the goals for altering HDL versus LDL cholesterol. Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate? Select one: a. "It is most important to increase HDL cholesterol, and if we can reduce LDL cholesterol also, that might be of some help." b. "We want to reduce HDL cholesterol and increase LDL cholesterol because these changes will protect you against atherosclerosis." c. "We want to increase HDL cholesterol, which helps rid the body of excess cholesterol, and to decrease LDL cholesterol, which carries excess cholesterol to the body tissue to be stored." d. "I think you have misunderstood what I have told you, since we want both values to be reduced."

c. "We want to increase HDL cholesterol, which helps rid the body of excess cholesterol, and to decrease LDL cholesterol, which carries excess cholesterol to the body tissue to be stored."

What are the four phases of pharmacokinetics that a drug goes through? a. Absorption, distribution, ionization, and metabolism b. Diffusion, bioavailability, metabolism, and excretion c. Absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion d. Active transport, ionization, diffusion, and excretion

c. Absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion

A patient is prescribed intermittent intravenous heparin therapy to treat deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Which laboratory value should the nurse review prior to administering this medication? Select one: a. Prothrombin time (PT) b.Platelet Count c. Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) d. Hemoglobin Level

c. Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)

Although many substances can be considered drugs, which drug definition is the most appropriate? a. Any substance that is found in nature or that normally occurs in the body b. Any substance that is synthesized and tested in the laboratory setting c. Any substance that is taken to prevent, cure, or reduce symptoms of a medical condition d. Any substance that can be isolated from substances found in nature

c. Any substance that is taken to prevent, cure, or reduce symptoms of a medical condition

The nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with coronary artery disease. When examining the results of laboratory tests, the nurse notes that which findings are consistent with this diagnosis? Select one: a. Decreased total serum cholesterol and LDL, and elevated HDL b. Elevated total serum cholesterol, LDL, and HDL c. Elevated total serum cholesterol and LDL, and decreased HDL d. Decreased total serum cholesterol, LDL, and HDL

c. Elevated total serum cholesterol and LDL, and decreased HDL

Which of the following hormones is not secreted by the adrenal cortex? Select one: a. Cortisol b. Gonadocorticoid c. Epinephrine d. Aldosterone

c. Epinephrine

Stimulation of the parasympathetic system would result in which of the following? Select one: a. Elevated heart rate b. Dilated pupils c. Increased GI motility d. Dry mouth

c. Increased GI motility

It is common for patients to receive multiple prescriptions while hospitalized. What is the term for keeping track of the patient's medications as they move through the healthcare system? Select one: a. Polypharmacy b. Medication Order c. Mediation Reconciliation d. Rights of Medication Administration

c. Mediation Reconciliation

A patient is taking Lisinopril. Which side effects will you assess for? Select all that apply. Select one or more: a. Bradycardia b. Hyponatremia c. Orthostatic hypotension d. Dry cough e. Elevated HDL

c. Orthostatic hypotension and d. Dry cough

Which statement best describes the role of Vitamin D in regulating calcium? Select one: a. Promotes excretion of calcium from the kidneys b. Inhibits osteoclast activity in the bone c. Promotes absorption of calcium in the small intestine d. Activates estrogen receptors to decrease bone resorption.

c. Promotes absorption of calcium in the small intestine

Which of the following is true regarding the hormones levels related to hypothyroidism? Select one: a. T3/T4 will be increased and TSH will be decreased b. Calcitonin will be increased. c. T3/T4 will be decreased and TSH will be increased. d. PTH will be increased

c. T3/T4 will be decreased and TSH will be increased.