Pharmacology Exam 4 Quizzes
Choose the drug which is a H2-receptor antagonist. Omeprazole Zegerid OTC Lansoprazole Ranitidine
Ranitidine
You developed an adrenergic agonist to be used as a vasodilator. Which of the following characteristics does your drug have? It activates the relaxation of smooth muscle in blood vessels It activates beta 2 receptors in smooth muscle It activates phosphorylation of MLC kinase All of the above a and b
all of the above
Stimulation of which receptors causes vasoconstriction? Beta-1 receptors Beta-2 receptors Alpha receptors None of the above
alpha receptors
H1 histamine receptor is present in _____________. Endothelial cells Smooth muscles Gastric mucosa 1 and 2 All of the above
1 and 2
Metoprolol decreases oxygen demand because _________. It decreases phase 4 depolarization in SA node cells It decreases the activity of calcium channels in SA node cells It increases contractility of cardiomyocytes All of the above 1 and 2
1 and 2
Which statement is CORRECT concerning ephedrine? Ephedrine is transported into secretory vesicles by VMAT Ephedrine is taken up by the neuron using NET Ephedrine increases NE release by activating exocytosis Ephedrine binds to adrenergic receptors 1 and 2 None of the above
1 and 2
Which statement is CORRECT concerning the postganglionic neurons in the adrenergic system? They are long neurons They release NE and E They are short neurons 1 and 2 2 and 3
1 and 2
What statement is CORRECT about the β3 receptor? It couples to the Gq family of G proteins increasing calcium It activates adenylate cyclase, producing an increase of cAMP levels It is coupled to the Gs family of G proteins 1 and 2 2 and 3
2 and 3
Which effect IS NOT caused by a selective beta-1 antagonist in the cardiovascular system? A decrease in intracellular calcium in heart cells A decrease in blood pressure An increase in O2 demand Bradycardia
An increase in O2 demand
A new drug was introduced into the marker that decreases blood pressure due to a decrease in the level of NE at the synapse. This new drug is an__________ and has specificity for _________. Adrenergic antagonist; alpha-2 postsynaptic receptor Adrenergic agonist; beta-2 receptor Adrenergic agonists; alpha-2 presynaptic receptor Adrenergic antagonists; alpha-1 postsynaptic receptor None of the above
Adrenergic agonists; alpha-2 presynaptic receptor
Which adrenergic receptor is an excitatory receptor? β2R β1R α1R All of the above None of the above
All of the above
Which effect is produce by beta-2-receptor agonist? They cause a decrease in blood pressure They cause epinephrine release They can cause muscle tremor All of the above None of the above
All of the above
Which statement is CORRECT regarding the effects of Beta-1 receptor agonists on AV node cells? They increase calcium current They increase the AV rate of conduction They increase phase 4 depolarization All of the above 1 and 2
All of the above
The __________presynaptic receptors decrease the release of Norepinephrine. Beta 2 Alpha 2 Beta 1 Alpha 1
Alpha 2
Which adrenergic antagonists are used for the management of pheochromocytoma? Selective beta2-receptor antagonists Nonselective beta-receptor antagonists Indirect-acting adrenergic antagonists Alpha receptor antagonists
Alpha receptor antagonists
Norepinephrine increases intracellular calcium levels by acting on___________. Alpha-1 receptor Alpha-2 receptor Beta-1 receptor Beta-2 receptor
Alpha-1 receptor
The binding of an adrenergic agonist to __________ in the radial muscle in the eye will produce_______________. Alpha-1 receptor; Pupil constriction (miosis) Beta-2 receptor; Accommodation for close vision Alpha-1 receptor; Pupil dilation (mydriasis) Alpha-1 receptor; Pupil dilation and far vision Beta-2 receptor; Pupil constriction and loss of accommodation
Alpha-1 receptor; Pupil dilation (mydriasis)
__________ is the predominant receptor in the heart. Alpha 1 Alpha 2 Beta 1 Beta 2
Beta 1
What adrenergic receptor is the main receptor present in the heart? Beta 1 receptor Alpha 1 receptor Beta 2 receptor Alpha 2 receptor
Beta 1 receptor
Norepinephrine can act directly on these receptors to increase heart rate. Beta-1 receptors Beta-2 receptors Alpha-1 receptors Alpha-2 receptors
Beta-1 receptors
You develop an agonist that increases blood pressure by increasing the levels of NE at the synapse. To what receptor your drugs will bind to? Beta-1 receptor Beta-2 receptor Alpha-2 presynaptic receptor Alpha-1 receptor Beta-2 presynaptic receptor
Beta-2 presynaptic receptor
A drug was developed to delay premature labor. The drugs has specificity for _____. Beta-2 receptors in the uterus Alpha-2 receptors in the uterus Alpha-1 receptors in the uterus Beta-1 receptors in the uterus
Beta-2 receptors in the uterus
Which agent could significantly impair the ability to drive a car? Ergotamine Fexofenadine Diphenhydramine Ranitidine
Diphenhydramine
Which effect IS NOT produce by an alpha-receptor antagonists? They cause a fall in peripheral resistance and blood pressure They cause epinephrine reversal Bronchoconstriction They may cause postural hypotension and reflex tachycardia
Bronchoconstriction
Which antihistaminic drug is used as prophylaxis for motion sickness? Fexofenadine Loratadine Cyclizine Cetirizine
Cyclizine
Which enzyme forms a methylderivative of NE and E during catecholamine metabolism? MAO enzyme Dopamine beta-monooxygenase COMT enzyme DOPA decarboxylase
COMT enzyme
You develop a drug that activates alpha-2 presynaptic receptor. This drug will___________. Increase the release of NE at the synapse Decrease the release of NE at the synapse Not change NE levels at the synapse None of the above
Decrease the release of NE at the synapse
Phenylephrine is applied to the nasal mucosa because it ________ by ________. Decreases mucus secretion; blocking histamine receptors Increases mucus secretion; inducing vasodilation Decreases mucus secretion; inducing vasoconstriction Increases blood pressure; blocking beta-2 receptors
Decreases mucus secretion; inducing vasoconstriction
Which H1 antihistaminic has high anti-cholinergic activity? Fexofenadine Diphenhydramine Loratadine Cyclizine
Diphenhydramine
Which enzyme catalyzes the conversion of norepinephrine to epinephrine? Dopamine beta-monooxygenase Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase Tyrosine Hydroxylase Dopa decarboxylase
Dopamine beta-monooxygenase
What is the primary negative feedback signal for gastric phase secretion? Somatostatin Gastrin Acetylcholine All of the above None of the above
Either Somatostatin or Acetylcholine
___________ is an indirect-acting sympathomimetic drug. Epinephrine Phenylephrine Ephedrine Isoproterenol
Ephedrine
Alpha 1 selective antagonist has a significant effect on blood pressure. True False
False
An advantage of using diphenhydramine HCl (Benadryl) in the treatment of allergic reactions is its insignificant antimuscarinic activity. True False
False
An antihistaminic is very effective at treating an asthma attack. True False
False
Collateral ganglia innervate organs located above the diaphragm. True False
False
Fexofenadine is a first generation antihistaminic that produces drowsiness as a side effect. True False
False
Postganglionic neurons that innervate the thorax synapse with preganglionic neurons at a collateral ganglion. True False
False
A highway truck drive has rhinorrhea, watery eyes and sneezing. Which drug will you prescribe to him? Diphenylhydramine (Benadryl) Cyclizine (Marezin) Fexofenadine (Allegra) None of the above
Fexofenadine (Allegra)
A 24 year-old patient is diagnosed with allergic rhinitis. In addition to a decongestant what other drug could you recommend to counteract the effects of histamine without producing CNS side effect? Cyclizine Chlorpehniramine Diphenhydramine Fexofexadine
Fexofexadine
Which effect is not block by an H1 receptor antagonist? Vasoconstriction Gastric acid secretion Increased permeability Bronchoconstriction
Gastric acid secretion
Nizatidine (Axid) inhibits gastric acid secretion indirectly stimulated by ______ and _______. Gastrin; acetylcholine Histamine; gastrin Prostaglandins; somatostatin None of the above
Gastrin; acetylcholine
Which of the following histamine receptor increases the release of gastric acid? H1 receptor H2 receptor H3 receptor H4 receptor
H2 receptor
Alpha adrenergic receptor subtypes are associated with all of the following tissues, EXCEPT____. Heart Blood vessels Prostate Pupillary dilator muscle
Heart
Which enzyme is essential for the conversion of histidine to histamine? Histidine amylase Histidine hydrolase Histidine decarboxylase Histidine phosphorylase
Histidine decarboxylase
Which statement is CORRECT concerning somatostatin? Inhibits histamine release by gastrin Activates histamine release by gastrin Inhibits the H+ pump Activates the H+ secretion
Inhibits histamine release by gastrin
Desipramine increases the levels of NE at the synapses because_________. Increases the synthesis of NE by activating tyrosine hydroxylase Inhibits MAO enzyme decreasing the metabolism of NE Inhibits the NET transporter decreasing the re-uptake of NE None of the above
Inhibits the NET transporter decreasing the re-uptake of NE
Reserpine abolishes the effects produced by amphetamine because________. It increases the metabolism of catecholamines It inhibits the uptake of amphetamine It depletes norepinephrine at the nerve terminal It increases the transport of norepinephrine into neurons
It depletes norepinephrine at the nerve terminal
Which statement is INCORRECT concerning Dobutamine? It has a short duration of action It produces vasoconstriction It increases heart rate It increases contractility
It has a short duration of action
Which statement is INCORRECT concerning Carvedilol (Coreg)? It is a beta1-selective antagonist It produces a decrease in heart rate It produces vasodilation by blocking alpha-1 receptors It can produce bronchoconstriction
It is a beta1-selective antagonist
Which statement is INCORRECT concerning histamine? It is a bronchodilator Large concentration may cause a fall in blood pressure Large concentration may cause a fall in blood volume Its release contributes to the symptoms of anaphylaxis
It is a bronchodilator
Tums is effective to treat intermittent heartburn because__________. It activates H2 histamine receptor It neutralizes gastric acid producing MgCl2, CaCl2, CO2 and water It neutralizes gastric acid producing NaCl, CO2 and water It neutralizes gastric acid producing CaCl2, CO2, and water
It neutralizes gastric acid producing CaCl2, CO2, and water
What effect would a histamine H2 antagonist have on the release of gastric acid? It would increase secretion It would decrease secretion It would have no effect It would stop secretion completely
It would decrease secretion
Which of the following beta receptor antagonists is preferable in patients with asthma? Propranolol Metoprolol Nadolol Timolol
Metoprolol
Gastric acid secretion is under the indirect control of ________. Histamine Acetylcholine Gastrin 1 and 2 2 and 3 All of the above
NOT: All of the above, 1 and 2, Gastrin
All the following tissues are innervated by both cholinergic and sympathetic system, EXCEPT________. Ventricles in the heart Smooth muscle in the bladder Smooth muscle in the blood vessels Iris dilator or radial muscle 3 and 4
NOT: Smooth muscle in the blood vessels, Ventricles in the heart, Iris dilator or radial muscle
_____ is a proton pump inhibitor. Pirenzepine Ranitidine Omeprazole Trimethaphan
Omeprazole
Which is a common side effect of a selective alpha-1 antagonists? Orthostatic hypotension Mydriasis Hypertension Bradycardia
Orthostatic hypotension
___________is an alfa-receptor antagonist that irreversible blocks the receptor and has a long duration of action. Phentolamine Phenoxybenzamine Ergotamine Prazosin
Phenoxybenzamine
Which drug is a nonselective alpha receptor antagonist? Prazosin Phentolamine Metoprolol Reserpine
Phentolamine
In the adrenergic system, acetylcholine is released by__________. Preganglionic neuron Postganglionic neuron Both Pre and Postganglionic neurons None of the above
Preganglionic neuron
NE increases blood pressure by producing vasoconstriction. What statement is CORRECT concerning the effect of reserpine in the vascular system? Reserpine blocks alpha-1 receptors in blood vessels decreasing blood pressure Reserpine decreases the storage of NE depleting NE at the synapse Reserpine decreases blood pressure by decreasing NE release at the synapse 1 and 2 2 and 3 1, 2 and 3
Reserpine decreases the storage of NE depleting NE at the synapse Reserpine decreases blood pressure by decreasing NE release at the synapse
The termination of NE effects at the synapse is mainly due to_________. Metabolism Diffusion of NE away from synapse Hydrolysis at the synapse Reuptake into presynaptic nerve terminal
Reuptake into presynaptic nerve terminal
Sensitization of mast cells requires___________. The release of histamine from the mast cells The binding of IgE to receptors on mast cells The binding of allergen to mast cells 1 and 2 2 and 3
The binding of IgE to receptors on mast cells
Which statement is INCORRECT concerning the effects produced at higher doses of histamine in the vascular system? Vasodilation is produced through the activation of H2 receptors There is an increase in intracellular cAMP There is a slow onset of vasodilation due to the activation of H1 receptors The activation of H2 receptors promotes the activation of protein kinase A
There is a slow onset of vasodilation due to the activation of H1 receptors
Which statement is CORRECT regarding the effects of Beta-1 receptor blockers on the heart? They increase heart rate They decrease contractility They increase rate of conduction of AV node They increase phase 4 depolarization
They decrease contractility
Acetylcholine can produces an increase of the release of NE. True False
True
Antacids are weak bases that react with gastric hydrochloric acid to form salt and water. True False
True
Common side effect of first-generation H1 antagonists is sedation. True False
True
____________catalyzes the rate limiting step in the synthesis of catecholamines. Dopa decarboxylase Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase Tyrosine hydroxylase Dopamine beta-monooxygenase
Tyrosine hydroxylase
Terbutaline is used to treat asthma because________. It activates Beta-2-adrenergic receptors in bronchial smooth muscle It produces bronchodilation It activates Beta-1 receptors in bronchial smooth muscle a and b b and c
a and b
You developed an agonist to be used in an emergency situation as a short term treatment for heart failure. Which of the following characteristics does your drug have? It increases force of cardiac contraction It activates Beta-1 receptors It decreases heart rate a and b b and c
a and b
A Beta-1 adrenergic agonist increases heart rate because it decreases phase 4 by increasing calcium current in SA Node cells. True False
false
A new adrenergic agonist has been introduced into the market to treat urinary incontinence. This drug also produces vasodilation as a side effect. The side effect is due to the activation of Beta-2 receptors and PLC in blood vessels, decreasing the level of intracellular calcium in smooth muscle cells. True False
false
Alpha-1 antagonists are used to treat hypertension because they completely reverse the vasoconstriction produced by epinephrine. True False
false
NE and E are metabolized at the synapse by MAO and COMT enzymes producing vanillylmandelic acid. True False
false
Release of epinephrine from chromaffin cells in the adrenal medulla is produce following the release of ACh from postganglionic neuron synapsing with the cells. True False
false
Silodosin (Raplafo) is used to produce a decrease in blood pressure because it block alpha-1 receptors. True False
false
Activation of alpha-1 receptor in the radial muscle in the eye promotes___________. Pupil dilation Far vision Pupil dilation and far vision Pupil constriction
pupil dilation
What is the main clinical use for β1 antagonists? Treatment of glaucoma treatment of hypertension Treatment of asthma Treatment of pain
treatment of hypertension
Cocaine increases heart rate because it increases the levels of NE at the synapse. True False
true
In anaphylaxis, you use epinephrine instead of NE because it stimulates Beta-2 receptors at a relatively lower dose. True False
true
MAO inhibitors potentiate the effect of amphetamine. True False
true
The antidepressant Desipramine inhibits the norepinephrine transporter, increasing the effect of norepinephrine at the synapse by interfering with the metabolism of NE. True False
true
The main regulatory pathway of gastric acid secretion could be inhibited by blocking CCK receptors on ECL cells. True False
true
Epinephrine decreases intracellular cAMP levels by acting on____________. α1 receptor α2 receptor beta1 receptor beta2 receptor
α2 receptor