Pharmacology exam IV Evolve 1

Which statement should the nurse include when teaching a patient about rifampin (Rifadin)?

"A harmless side effect will be a red-orange discoloration of body fluids"

Which instructions should a nurse provide to a patient who is to start taking amoxicillin/clavulanate (Augmentin)?

"Augmenting may be taken with food or meals"

Which statement by a patient taking ethambutol (Myambutol) indicates understanding of adverse effects of the drug?

"I'll report any problems with blurred vision or determining colors"

A patient who is receiving vancomycin (Vancocin) IV for a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection asks a nurse, "Why can't I take this medicine in a pill?" Which response should the nurse make?

"It is more effective by IV, because the pill form will stay in the digestive tract."

Which instruction should a nurse include in the discharge teaching for a patient who is to start taking tetracycline?

"Use sunscreen and protective clothing when outdoors"

When providing teaching for a patient starting flu cytosine (Ancobon) therapy, the nurse identifies what as the priority concern?

"You'll need to report any symptoms of bruising, fever, and fatigue"

When teaching a patient about tuberculosis, the nurse will include which statements? (select all that apply)

-"Most people infected with M. tuberculosis are asymptomatic" -"Most people infected with M. tuberculosis harbor dormant bacteria for life if they do not receive drug therapy

Which instructions will the nurse include when teaching a patient about cephalosporin therapy? (select all that apply)

-"Notify tour healthcare provider if you develop diarrhea" -"Notify your healthcare provider if you develop a rash"

Which statements will the nurse include when teaching a patient about isoniazid therapy for the treatment of tuberculosis? (select all that apply)

-"Take the isoniazid on an empty stomach" -"Notify your healthcare provider if your skin starts to turn yellow"

A nurse is administering a daily dose of tobramycin at 1000. At which time should the nurse obtain the patient's blood sample to determine the trough level?

0900

The healthcare provider orders levofloxacin (Levaquin) 500 mg PO every day for 7 days. The available medication is levoloxacin 250-mg tablets. How many tablets should the patient take each day?

2 tablets

A patient who has human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has a tuberculin skin test (TST) for latent tuberculosis. The nurse assesses the result 48 hours after the injection. An induration of what size indicates that the patient needs to be treated for latent tuberculosis?

5 mm

It is most important for the nurse to assess a patient receiving a cephalosporin for the development of which manifestation of antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis (AAPMC)?

Diarrhea

A nuse assessing a patient who is 12 years old should associate which complication with the patient's receiving tetracycline as a younger child?

Discoloration of the teeth

An antimicrovial medication that has selective toxicity has which characteristic?

Ability to avoid injuring host cells

The nurse identifies tigecycline (Tygacil) as a derivative of what?

Tetracyclines

A patient who has active TB is to start a medication regimen that includes pyrazinamide. The nurse identifies a risk for complications if the patient also has which medical condition?

Alcoholism

Before administering trimethoprim, it is most important for the nurse to assess the patient for a history of what?

Alcoholism

Before administering intravenous (IV) penicillin, the nurse should do what?

Assess the patient for allergies

A patient who takes ciprofloxaxin (Cipro) and runs 6 miles daily tells a nurse about heel and calf tenderness. The nurse anticipates the healthcare provider to take which action?

Discontinue the medication, because severe damage can result

When providing patient teaching for oral sulfonamide therapy, the nurse should instruct the patient to take the sulfonamide in what way?

Between meals with a full cup of water

A nurse obtains a specimen from which body fluid when performing the QuantiFERON-TB Gold (QFT-G) test for latent tuberculosis?

Blood

When administering an amino glycoside to a patient with myasthenia gravis, it is most important for the nurse to assess what?

Breath sounds

A patient who is receiving an amino glycoside develops flaccid paralysis and impaired breathing. Which medication does the nurse anticipate administering?

Calcium glutinate (Kalcinate)

A patient is receiving penicillin G (Bicillin C-R). Which assessment should the nurse monitor as an indicator of an undesired effect?

Cardiac rhythm

The nurse identifies which medication as posing a significant risk of causing confusion, somnolence, psychosis, and visual disturbances in elderly patients?

Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)

The nurse identifies which host factor as the most important when choosing an antimicrobial drug?

Competent immune function

A patient is receiving amphotericin B. It is most important for the nurse to monitor which laboratory result?

Creatinine level

A nurse planning care for a patient who is receiving nystatin (Mycostatin) should establish which outcome on the care plan?

Decrease in mouth pain

Which test is the most widely used method for assessing drug sensitivity?

Disk diffusion

Both IV ampicillin/sulbactam (Unasyn) and gentamicin are ordered for a patient. When administering these medications, the nurse will do what?

Ensure that separate IV solutions are used

Which anti-fungal agent is used as a one-time oral dose to treat vaginal yeast infections?

Fluconazole (Diflucan)

What does the nurse identify as an adverse effect of clindamycin (Cleocin) therapy?

Frequent loose, watery stools with mucus and blood

Which approach should a nurse take when administering an oral dose of levofoxacin (Levaquin)?

Give the medication with or without food

A nurse monitors a patient who is receiving an amino glycoside (gentamicin) for symptoms of vestibular damage. Which finding should the nurse expect the patient to have first?

Headache

Which laboratory result should a nurse monitor more frequently when a patient is receiving clarithromycin (Biaxin) and warfarin (Coumadin)?

International normalized ratio (INR)

The nurse develops a care plan for a patient in the continuation phase of treatment for active tuberculosis (TB). The care plan includes teaching about which medication regimen?

Isoniazid and rifampin

A patient is taking rifampin (Rifadin) for active tuberculosis. Which assessment does the nurse identify as an adverse effect of the drug?

Jaundice

A patient who takes multiple antibiotics starts to experience diarrheal stools. The nurse anticipates administration of which antibiotic if a stool sample tests positive for Clostridium difficile?

Metronidazole (Flagyl)

Before administering an amino glycoside, it is most important for the nurse to assess the patient for a history of what?

Myasthenia gravis

It is most important for the nurse to assess a patient taking itraconazole (Sporanox) for the development of what?

Pedal edema

What is the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC)?

The lowest concentration of an antibiotic needed to reduce the number of bacterial colonies by 99.9%

An immunocompromised patient who is receiving piperacillin/tazobactam (Zosyn) develops oozing and bleeding from the gums. Which additional data should the nurse determine?

The most recent platelet count

After completing a course of ciprofloxaxin (Cipro) for a skin infection, the patient says, "I took the whole bottle of pills, but my infection hasn't gotten any better." Which additional information should the nurse recognize as most significant?

The patient takes antacids on a daily basis

A microbe acquires antibiotic resistance by which means?

Transfer of DNA coding to other bacteria

The nurse knows that there is an increased risk of ototoxicity in a patient receiving an amino glycoside if which level is high?

Trough

A patient who has a vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) infection is receiving linezolid (Zyvox). Which laboratory result indicates that the patient is having an adverse effect?

White blood cell (WBC) count of 1200 units/L

The nurse should include which instructions when teaching a patient about tigecycline therapy? (select all that apply)

-"Use sunscreen when you are outside" -"If you have diarrhea more than five times a day, notify your healthcare provider" -"Avoid using this drug if you are pregnant"

A nurse should recognize that antibiotic prophylaxis is appropriate in patients with which medical conditions? (Select all that apply)

-Aortic valve replacement -Neutropenia

The nurse identifies appropriate use of antimicrobials to prevent infection in which situations? (Select all that apply)

-Cardiac surgery -Recurrent urinary tract infections in women -Hysterectomy

Which manifestations does the nurse associate with the development of hemolytic anemia? (select all that apply)

-Fever -Pallor -Jaundice

A nurse is teaching a patient who is scheduled to start taking itraconazole (Sporanox). Which statement by the patient would indicate understanding of the teaching?

-If I notice my skin turning yellow or feel any nausea, I'll notify my healthcare provider

Which statements about CDAD associated with clindamycin therapy does the nurse identify as true? (select all that apply)

-It is a potentially fatal condition -Patients usually experience abdominal pain -Clindamycin therapy should be discontinued and vancomycin started

When performing a skin test for penicillin allergy, the nurse will do what? (select all that apply)

-Observe for a local allergic response -Have epinephrine readily available -Have respiratory support readily available

The nurse identifies terbinafine (Lamisil) as useful for treating which conditions? (select all that apply)

-Onychomycosis -Tinea corporis -Tinea pedis

The nurse identifies which statements about Stevens-Johnson syndrome as true?(select all that apply)

-Patients with Stevens-Johnson syndrome have a mortality rate of about 25% -Toxemia is associated with Stevens-Johnson syndrome -Lesions of the mucous membranes are a characteristic of Stevens-Johnson syndrome

The nurse identifies which statements about penicillins as true? (select all that apply)

-Penicillins are the safest antibiotics available -The principal adverse effect of penicillins is allergic reaction -Penicillins are normally eliminated rapidly by the kidneys but can accumulate to harmful levels if renal function is severely impaired

A nurse is assessing the effects of antimicrobial therapy in a patient with pneumonia. The nurse should establish which outcomes when planning care? (Select all that apply)

-Reduction of fever -Sterile sputum -Oxygen saturation of 98%

Which medications does the nurse identify as having antibacterial properties? (Select all that apply)

-Rifampin -Imipenem

To promote treatment adherence in a patient with tuberculosis, the nurse will include which interventions? (select all that apply)

-Teach the patient about intermittent-dose therapy -Teach the patient about the need for long-term treatment -Directly watch the patient take the medication

Which statements about ototoxicity and ahminoglycosides does the nurse identify as true? (select all that apply)

-The first sign of impending vestibular damage is headache -Ototoxicity is largely irreversible -Use of ahminoglycosides for less than 10 days is recommended to avoid ototoxicity.

Which are examples of the improper use of antibiotic therapy? (Select all that apply)

-Treating a viral infection -Using dosing that results in a superinfection

The nurse identifies rifampin as useful in the treatment of which disorders? (select all that apply)

-Tuberculosis -Leprosy -Prophylaxis of meningitis caused by Haemophillus influenza

Which statements about vancomycin (Vancocin) does the nurse identify as true? (select all that apply)

-Vancomycin is the most widely used antibiotic in U.S hospitals -Vancomycin is effective in the treatment of Clostridium difficile infection -Vancomycin is effective in the treatment of MRSA infections

A patient is scheduled to receive intravenous amphotericin B. Which medication should a nurse administer as pretreatment before the infusion?

50 mg of diphenhydramine (Benadryl) and 650 mg of acetaminophen

A nurse is administering an oral dose of itraconazole (Sporanox) to a patient at 10:00 AM. The nurse should administer a prescribed dose of famotidine (Pepcid) at which time?

9:00AM

When caring for a patient receiving mafenide (Sulfamylon) for treatment of a severe burn, it is most important for the nurse to monitor which laboratory value?

Acid-base status

A patient is receiving local applications of mafenide (Sulfamylon) to burn areas. Before application, it is most important for the nurse to do what?

Administer a pain medication

Thirty minutes after receiving an intramuscular (IM) injection of penicillin G (Pfizerpen), a patient reports itching and redness at the injection site. Which action should the nurse take first?

Administer subcutaneous epinephrine.

The nurse notices tan lines around the arms of a female patient who is taking levofloxacin (Levaquin). Which action should the nurse take?

Advise the patient to avoid sun exposure and wear sun screen when outside

A nurse should teach a patient to observe for which side effect when taking ampicillin?

Skin rash and loose stools

A patient taking gemifloxacin develops a rash. The nurse anticipates the healthcare provider to take which action?

Discontinue the medication

A patient is taking daptomycin (Cubicin). The nurse should obtain a creatine phosphokinase (CPK) level when the patient shows what?

Muscle pain and weakness

A patient who is receiving ceftriaxone has all of these medications ordered. The nurse monitors the patient for an adverse effect related to an interaction with which medication?

Naproxen (Naprosyn)

Which enteral amino glycoside would the nurse expect to be ordered preoperatively for a patient having intestinal surgery?

Neomycin

A patient taking a sulfonamide is breast-feeding an infant. Which complication in the infant would the nurse associate with kernicterus?

Neurologic deficits

A patient has acquired an infection while in the hospital. The nurse identifies this type of infection as what?

Nosocomical infection

A patient who has tuberculosis is treated with isoniazid. The nurse should monitor for which symptoms, which could indicate a vitamin B6 deficiency caused by the medication?

Numbness and tingling in the fingers and toes

A patient who has an infection with Mycobacterium leprae (leprosy) has been prescribed rifampin (Rifadin). The nurse identifies which dosing schedule as most effective for this drug?

Once per month

Before administering a cephalosporin to a patient, it is most important for the nurse to assess the patient for an allergy history to what?

Penicillins

A nurse observes a read streak and palpates the vein as hard and cordlike at the intravenous (IV) site of a patient receiving cefepime (Maxipime). Which assessment should the nurse make about the IV site?

Phlebitis of the vein used for the antibiotic has developed

A patient is admitted to the hospital with a medical diagnosis of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA). When taking the patient's history, a nurse recognizes which information as the most important?

Plays a contact sports and is an athlete.

A patient is receiving amphotericin B. The nurse identifies which medication as useful in preventing adverse effect of amphotericin B?

Potassium

A nurse removes a central line access device once the patient no longer requires intravenous (IV) antibiotics. This action is an example of which strategy to prevent antimicrobial resistance established by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)?

Preventing infection

Which cardiovascular finding does the nurse identify as a possible adverse effect of erythromycin (Ery-Tab) therapy?

Prolonged QT interval

A patient who is receiving an amino glycoside (gentamicin) has urinalysis result with all of these findings. Which finding should a nurse associate most clearly with an adverse effect of gentamicin?

Protein

A patient develops flushing, rash, and pruritus during an IV infusion of vancomycin (Vancocin). Which action should a nurse take?

Reduce the infusion rate

A patient is receiving vancomycin (Vancocin). The nurse identifies what as the most common toxic effect of vancomycin therapy?

Renal toxicity

A patient who has acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is receiving trimethoprin/sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim). Which response should a nurse expect if the medication is achieving the desired effect?

Resolution of pneumonia

When ceftrizxone is administered intravenously, it is most important for the nurse to avoid mixing it with what?

Ringer's lactate

A nurse should recognize that which sulfonamide, applied topically, has the greatest therapeutic benefit for burns?

Silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene)

The nurse is assessing a patient who is receiving a sulfonamide for treatment of a urinary tract infection. To monitor the patient for the most severe response to sulfonamide therapy, the nurse will assess for what?

Skin rash and lesions

A patient is receiving an amino glycoside (tobramycin) antibiotic. A nurse asks the patient to choose daily meal selections, to which the patient responds, "Oh dear, I don't want another IV." The nurse makes which assessment about the patient's response?

Some hearing loss may have occurred

The development of a new infection as a result of the elimination of normal flora by an antibiotic is referring to as what?

Superinfection

The nurse identifies which drug as a short-acting tetracycline?

Tetracycline (generic)