Pharmacology RESPIRATORY NCLEX Questions

The client tells the nurse that she has a bad cold, is coughing, and feels like she has "stuff" in her lungs. What should the nurse do? a. Administer dextromethorphan. b. Administer guaifenesin. c. Encourage the client to drink fluids hourly. d. Administer fluticasone (Flonase).

Administer guaifenesin.

The nurse is caring for a client who is taking a first-generation antihistamine. What is the most important fact for the nurse to teach the client? a. "Do not drive after taking this medication." b. "Make sure you drink a lot of liquids while on this medication." c. "Take this medication on an empty stomach." d. "Do not take this medication for more than 2 days."

a. "Do not drive after taking this medication."

A client is prescribed an antitussive medication. What is the most important thing for the nurse to teach the client? a. "This medication may cause drowsiness and dizziness." b. "Watch out for diarrhea and abdominal cramping." c. "This may cause tremors and anxiety." d. "Headache and hypertension are common side effects."

a. "This medication may cause drowsiness and dizziness."

A client who has constipation is prescribed a bisacodyl suppository. The nurse explains that bisacodyl does what? a. Acts on smooth intestinal muscle to gently increase peristalsis b. Absorbs water into the intestines to increase bulk and peristalsis c. Lowers surface tension and increases water accumulation in the intestines d. Pulls hyperosmolar salts into the colon and increases water in the feces to increase bulk

a. Acts on smooth intestinal muscle to gently increase peristalsis

What is a priority nursing intervention when administering ranitidine (Zantac)? a. Administer just before meals. b. Administer right after eating. c. Administer 1 to 2 hours after meals. d. Administer during meals.

a. Administer just before meals.

What assessment has the highest priority for a client using sodium bicarbonate to treat gastric hyperacidity? a. Assess for metabolic alkalosis. b. Assess for fluid volume deficit. c. Assess for hyperkalemia. d. Assess for hypercalcemia.

a. Assess for metabolic alkalosis.

A client is diagnosed with a pulmonary disorder that causes COPD. Lungs tissue changes are normally reversible with this condition. The nurse understands that which is the client's most likely diagnosis? a. Asthma b. Emphysema c. Bronchiectasis d. Chronic bronchitis

a. Asthma

Nursing implications for health teaching with clients taking isotretinoin include which implications? (Select all that apply.) a. Avoid sunlight. b. Monitor weight c. Monitor CBC, glucose, and lipids. d. Do not breastfeed or give blood.

a. Avoid sunlight. c. Monitor CBC, glucose, and lipids. d. Do not breastfeed or give blood.

A client is prescribed calcipotriene (Dovonex) for treatment of psoriasis. Which assessment finding requires immediate intervention by the nurse? a. Calcium 12 mg/dL b. Potassium 3.8 meq/L c. Sodium 135 mmol/L d. Phosphorus 2.5 mg/dL

a. Calcium 12 mg/dL

Which assessment finding will need intervention and is related to the client's use of aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel)? a. Client has not had a bowel movement in 3 days. b. Client has had one loose stool this week. c. Client is complaining of gastric upset. d. Client has trace edema in feet.

a. Client has not had a bowel movement in 3 days.

The nurse reviews the client's list of medication, which includes mannitol. The nurse must be aware that which condition is a contraindication for use of this drug? a. Dehydration b. Kidney stones c. Eczema d. Gout

a. Dehydration

A client is diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease. The nurse realizes that which factor is a predisposing factor for this condition? a. Helicobacter pylori b. hyposecretion of pepsin c. decreased hydrochloric acid d. decreased number of parietal cells

a. Helicobacter pylori

The camp nurse reviews the "shopping list" of supplies needed for the upcoming camping season. What product is recommended to prevent and treat chronic impaction of cerumen? a. Hydrogen peroxide b. Rubbing alcohol c. Charcoal d. Salt solution

a. Hydrogen peroxide

The nurse prepares a health teaching plan for the client with glaucoma. Which important nursing intervention are included for this client? (Select all that apply.) a. Instruct the client to report changes in vision and breathing. b. Maintain sterile technique and prevent dropper contamination during administration of eyedrops. c. Include return demonstration only with geriatric clients. d. Wait 10 minutes to instill the second eye medication to be given at the same time.

a. Instruct the client to report changes in vision and breathing. b. Maintain sterile technique and prevent dropper

A client with COPD is taking a leukotriene antagonist, montelukast (Singulair). The nurse is aware that this medication is given for which purpose? a. Maintenance treatment of asthma b. Treatment of an acute asthma attack c. Reversing bronchospasm associated with COPD d. Treatment of inflammation in chronic bronchitis

a. Maintenance treatment of asthma

The client has second- and third-degree burns over 25% of his body. Mafenide acetate has been ordered. What acid-base imbalance can result from its use? (Select all that apply.) a. Metabolic acidosis b. Metabolic alkalosis c. Respiratory alkalosis d. Respiratory acidosis

a. Metabolic acidosis c. Respiratory alkalosis

A nurse reviews a client's medication history and notes that the client is taking a nonselective adrenergic agonist bronchodilator and has a history of coronary artery disease. What is a priority nursing intervention? a. Monitor client for potential chest pain. b. Monitor blood pressure continuously. c. Assess daily for hyperkalemia. d. Assess 12-lead ECG each shift.

a. Monitor client for potential chest pain.

A client has taken metaproterenol. What is the nurse's priority action? a. Monitor for heart rate >100 beats/min. b. Tell the client not to drive for 2 hours. c. Monitor for sedation. d. Assess for elevated blood pressure.

a. Monitor for heart rate >100 beats/min.

A 20-year-old client is starting isotretinoin (Accutane) therapy. What is an essential nursing intervention for this client? a. Perform pregnancy test. b. Assess sputum cultures. c. Make sure IV is patent. d. Force fluids.

a. Perform pregnancy test.

The school nurse is preparing a presentation for the parent-teacher association meeting on medications commonly used in school-aged children. It is important to note what primary disadvantage of the use of combination products such as Cortisporin Otic? a. School-aged children may need only one drug, not a combination. b. Combination products may not have the desired dose for school-aged children. c. There is increased cost in using combination products for school-aged children. d. Combination products are less effective for school-aged children.

a. School-aged children may need only one drug, not a combination.

The school nurse prepares a program for junior high school students on sun safety. What is important information to include? (Select all that apply.) a. Sunscreen products should contain information about UVA and UVB SPF protection. b. UVB radiation is greatest between 10 AM and 4 PM. c. Clouds block radiation, so sunscreen is not needed on cloudy days. d. SPF should be at least 15 in sunscreen products.

a. Sunscreen products should contain information about UVA and UVB SPF protection. b. UVB radiation is greatest between 10 AM and 4 PM. d. SPF should be at least 15 in sunscreen products.

The nurse is teaching a client about diphenhydramine (Benadryl). Which are topics to include? (Select all that apply.) a. Take medication with food to decrease gastric distress. b. Avoid alcohol and other central nervous system depressants. c. Notify the health care provider if confusion or hypotension occurs. d. Take sugarless candy, gum, or ice chips for temporary relief of dry mouth. e. Avoid handling dangerous equipment or performing dangerous activities until stabilized on the drug.

a. Take medication with food to decrease gastric distress. b. Avoid alcohol and other central nervous system depressants. c. Notify the health care provider if confusion or hypotension occurs. d. Take sugarless candy, gum, or ice chips for temporary relief of dry mouth. e. Avoid handling dangerous equipment or performing dangerous activities until stabilized on the drug.

The nurse is administering opium tincture (paregoric) to a client. Which should be included in the client teaching regarding this medication? (Select all that apply.) a. Warn the client to avoid laxative abuse. b. Record the frequency of bowel movements. c. Warn the client against taking sedatives concurrently. d. Encourage the client to increase fluids. e. Instruct the client to avoid this drug if he or she has narrow-angle glaucoma. f. Teach the client that the drug acts by drawing water into the intestine.

a. Warn the client to avoid laxative abuse. b. Record the frequency of bowel movements. c. Warn the client against taking sedatives concurrently. d. Encourage the client to increase fluids. e. Instruct the client to avoid this drug if he or she has narrow-angle glaucoma.

A client has just been prescribed aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel, ALternaGEL, Alu-Tab) for peptic ulcer pain. The nurse has provided instructions to the client. Which statement by the client indicates to the nurse that the client understands the instructions? a. "I will take aluminum hydroxide at mealtime." b. "I will drink 2 ounces of water after taking aluminum hydroxide." c. "I will take aluminum hydroxide within 30 minutes of my other medications." d. "I will take a laxative if I develop constipation."

b. "I will drink 2 ounces of water after taking aluminum hydroxide."

A client complains of worsening nasal congestion despite the use of oxymetazoline (Afrin) nasal spray every 2 hours. What is the nurse's best response? a. "Oxymetazoline is not an effective nasal decongestant." b. "Overuse of nasal decongestants results in rebound congestion." c. "Oxymetazoline should be administered every hour for severe congestion." d. "You are probably displaying an idiosyncratic reaction to oxymetazoline."

b. "Overuse of nasal decongestants results in rebound congestion."

Which statement demonstrates to the nurse that the client understands instructions regarding the use of histamine2-receptor antagonists? a. "Since I am taking this medication, it is all right for me to eat spicy foods." b. "Smoking decreases the effects of this medication, so I should look into cessation programs." c. "I should take this medication 1 hour after each meal in order to decrease gastric acidity." d. "I should decrease bulk and fluids in my diet to prevent diarrhea."

b. "Smoking decreases the effects of this medication, so I should look into cessation programs."

A client is prescribed ipratropium and cromolyn sodium. What will the nurse teach the client? a. "Do not take these medications within 4 hours of each other." b. "Take the ipratropium at least 5 minutes before the cromolyn." c. "Administer both medications together in a metered-dose inhaler." d. "Take the ipratropium only in the mornings."

b. "Take the ipratropium at least 5 minutes before the cromolyn."

Which statement indicates that the client understands the teaching about beclomethasone diproprionate (Beconase)? a. "I will need to taper off the medication to prevent acute adrenal crisis." b. "This medication will help prevent the inflammatory response of my allergies." c. "I will need to monitor my blood sugar more closely because it may increase." d. "I need to take this medication only when my symptoms get bad."

b. "This medication will help prevent the inflammatory response of my allergies."

A client is prescribed theophylline to relax the smooth muscles of the bronchi. The nurse monitors the client's theophylline serum levels to maintain which therapeutic range? a. 1 to 10 mcg/mL b. 10 to 20 mcg/mL c. 20 to 30 mcg/mL d. 30 to 40 mcg/mL

b. 10 to 20 mcg/mL

The nurse reviews the client's list of medications and recalls that the purpose of keratolytic agents is to remove what? a. A horny layer of dermis b. A horny layer of epidermis c. Erythematous lesions d. Hair follicles

b. A horny layer of epidermis

A 20-year-old woman comes to the clinic for follow-up related to isotretinoin use. The nurse reviews the iPLEDGE program, which includes which important information? (Select all that apply.) a. That an effective method of contraception must be used throughout treatment b. A review of iPLEDGE educational materials c. That a negative pregnancy test is required before each monthly refill d. That informed consent is not required

b. A review of iPLEDGE educational materials c. That a negative pregnancy test is required before each monthly refill

The nurse is caring for a client who is taking sucralfate (Carafate, Sulcrate) for treatment of a duodenal ulcer. Which assessment requires action by the nurse? a. Sodium level 140 mEq/L b. Absent bowel sounds, hard abdomen c. Urinary output 30 mL/hr d. Calcium level 8.5 mg/dL

b. Absent bowel sounds, hard abdomen

The nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing gastric distress from the long-term use of aspirin for treatment of arthritis. What is the best intervention for this client? (Select all that apply.) a. Stop all aspirin therapy. b. Administer misoprostol. c. Instruct the client to take the aspirin with milk. d. Instruct the client to take omeprazole with the aspirin.

b. Administer misoprostol. d. Instruct the client to take omeprazole with the aspirin.

A client is starting cisplatin therapy for cancer. What intervention is appropriate for this client? a. Administer granisetron (Kytril) 60 minutes before therapy and for several days after surgery. b. Administer ondansetron HCL (Zofran) 30 minutes before therapy and two doses after therapy. c. Administer palonosetron (Aloxi) IV push. d. Administer metoclopramide (Reglan) PO.

b. Administer ondansetron HCL (Zofran) 30 minutes before therapy and two doses after therapy.

The health care provider orders ipratropium bromide (Atrovent), albuterol (Proventil), and beclomethasone (Vanceril) inhalers for a client. What is the nurse's best action? a. Question the order; three inhalers should not be given at one time. b. Administer the albuterol first, wait 5 minutes, and administer ipratropium bromide, followed by beclomethasone several minutes later. c. Administer each inhaler at 30-minute intervals. d. Administer beclomethasone first, wait 2 minutes, and administer ipratropium bromide, followed by the albuterol several minutes later.

b. Administer the albuterol first, wait 5 minutes, and administer ipratropium bromide, followed by beclomethasone several minutes later.

A client tells the nurse that he has started to take an OTC antihistamine, diphenhydramine. In teaching him about side effects, what is most important for the nurse to tell the client? a. Do not to take this drug at bedtime to avoid insomnia. b. Avoid driving a motor vehicle until stabilized on the drug. c. Nightmares and nervousness are more likely in an adult. d. Limit use to 1 to 2 puffs/sprays 4 to 6 times per day to avoid rebound congestion.

b. Avoid driving a motor vehicle until stabilized on the drug.

A client has nausea and is taking ondansetron (Zofran). The nurse explains that the action of this drug is what? a. Stimulate the CTZ b. Block serotonin receptors in the CTZ c. Block dopamine receptors in the CTZ d. Coat the wall of the GI tract and absorb bacteria

b. Block serotonin receptors in the CTZ

A client is prescribed isotretinoin (Accutane). What is the most important instruction to teach the client before beginning this medication? a. Do not go out in the sun while on this medication. b. Call the health care provider if you have muscle weakness. c. Increase fluid intake while on this medication. d. Do not take aspirin while on this medication.

b. Call the health care provider if you have muscle weakness.

A client is taking famotidine (Pepcid) to inhibit gastric secretions. What are the side effects of famotidine? (Select all that apply.) a. Diarrhea b. Dizziness c. Dry mouth d. Headaches e. Blurred vision f. Decreased libido

b. Dizziness d. Headaches f. Decreased libido

In developing a plan of care for a client receiving an antihistamine antiemetic agent, which nursing diagnosis would be of highest priority? a. Knowledge deficit regarding medication administration b. Fluid volume deficit related to nausea and vomiting c. Risk for injury related to side effects of medication d. Alteration in comfort related to nausea and vomiting

b. Fluid volume deficit related to nausea and vomiting

The nurse is administering loperamide (Imodium) to a client with diarrhea. What assessment is essential for this client? a. Vascular assessment b. Gastric assessment c. Hourly blood pressure measurements d. White blood count

b. Gastric assessment

The nurse evaluates the client using eyedrops. The client puts two drops into his eye. What is the nurse's best action? a. Continue to observe the client. b. Instruct the client that one drop is optimal. c. Have the client irrigate his eye to remove excess medication. d. Have the client close his eye and rub to assist in absorption.

b. Instruct the client that one drop is optimal.

A client complains of constipation and requires a laxative. In providing teaching to the client, the nurse reviews the common causes of constipation, including which cause? a. Motion sickness b. Lack of exercise c. Food intolerance d. Bacteria (Escherichia coli)

b. Lack of exercise

Which nursing diagnoses is appropriate for a client receiving famotidine (Pepcid)? a. Increased risk for infection related to immunosuppression b. Potential risk for bleeding related to thrombocytopenia c. Alteration in urinary elimination related to retention d. Alteration in tissue perfusion related to hypertension

b. Potential risk for bleeding related to thrombocytopenia

A client demonstrates understanding of flunisolide (AeroBid) by saying that he will do what? a. Take two puffs to treat an acute asthma attack. b. Rinse his mouth with water after each use. c. Immediately stop taking his oral prednisone when he starts using AeroBid. d. Not use his albuterol inhaler while he is taking AeroBid.

b. Rinse his mouth with water after each use.

The nurse reviews the client's medication history. Based on the client's prolonged use of glucocorticoids, what does the assessment include? (Select all that apply.) a. Obesity b. Thinning of the skin c. Erythematous lesions d. Purpura

b. Thinning of the skin d. Purpura

What is the most important thing for the nurse to teach a client who is switching allergy medications from diphenhydramine (Benadryl) to loratadine (Claritin)? a. This medication can potentially cause dysrhythmias. b. This medication has fewer sedative effects. c. This medication has increased bronchodilating effects. d. This medication causes less gastrointestinal upset.

b. This medication has fewer sedative effects.

A client has been prescribed guaifenesin (Robitussin). The nurse realizes that the purpose of the drug is to accomplish what? a. To treat allergic rhinitis and prevent motion sickness b. To loosen bronchial secretions so they can be eliminated by coughing c. To compete with histamine for receptor sites, thus preventing a histamine response d. To stimulate alpha-adrenergic receptors, thus producing vascular constriction of capillaries in nasal mucosa

b. To loosen bronchial secretions so they can be eliminated by coughing

The nurse is planning to administer eardrops. Which intervention is essential to include in the plan of care? a. Eardrops should be cool when being administered. b. Warm the eardrops to room temperature before administration. c. The pinna of an adult should be held down and back to administer eardrops. d. Eardrops may be warmed in the microwave before administration.

b. Warm the eardrops to room temperature before administration.

A client is prescribed granisetron (Kytril) IV for relief of nausea and vomiting caused by cancer chemotherapy. What intervention is most appropriate for this client? a. Administer the medication at least 12 hours before the start of chemotherapy. b. Weigh the client before chemotherapy. c. Assess baseline vital signs and monitor for tachycardia. d. Teach the client about the possibility of rebound nausea and vomiting once the drug is discontinued.

b. Weigh the client before chemotherapy.

A client is complaining of excessive earwax that diminishes hearing ability. What medication will the nurse use to assist the client? a. acetic acid b. carbamide peroxide c. hydrocortisone d. glycerin

b. carbamide peroxide

A client with COPD has an acute bronchospasm. The nurse knows that which is the best medication for this emergency situation? a. zafirlukast (Accolate) b. epinephrine (Adrenalin) c. dexamethasone (Decadron) d. oxtriphylline-theophyllinate (Choledyl)

b. epinephrine (Adrenalin)

What instruction is most important for the nurse to teach a client who is taking an anticholinergic agent to treat nausea and vomiting? a. "Assess your stools for dark streaks." b. "Do not take more than two doses of this medication." c. "Brush your teeth and gargle to help with dryness in your mouth." d. Check your heart rate and call the health care provider if it gets below 50 beats/min.

c. "Brush your teeth and gargle to help with dryness in your mouth."

Which instruction will the nurse include when teaching a client about the proper use of metered-dose inhalers? a. "After you inhale the medication once, repeat until you obtain relief." b. "Make sure that you puff out air repeatedly after you inhale the medication." c. "Hold your breath for 10 seconds if you can after you inhale the medication." d. "Hold the inhaler in your mouth, take a deep breath, and then compress the inhaler."

c. "Hold your breath for 10 seconds if you can after you inhale the medication."

Which statement, made by a client, indicates to the nurse a need for further client teaching regarding proper administration of eye drops? a. "I will put pressure on the inside corner of my eye after I administer the drops." b. "I will be careful not to touch my eye with the dropper." c. "I should rinse the eye dropper with tap water after each use." d. "I will turn my head slightly toward the outside of the eye I am putting the drops in."

c. "I should rinse the eye dropper with tap water after each use."

Which client statement indicates that further teaching is needed? a. "I will not drive while I am taking these medications because they may cause drowsiness." b. "I may take Tylenol to treat the headache caused by ondansetron (Zofran)." c. "I will apply the scopolamine patches to rotating sites on my arms." d. "I should take my prescribed antiemetic before receiving my chemotherapy dose and continue afterwards."

c. "I will apply the scopolamine patches to rotating sites on my arms."

What information should the nurse include in a teaching plan for the client who is prescribed sucralfate (Carafate)? a. "This medication will neutralize gastric acid." b. "This medication will enhance gastric absorption of meals." c. "This medication will form a protective barrier over the gastric mucosa." d. "Your gastric acid will be inhibited."

c. "This medication will form a protective barrier over the gastric mucosa."

Client teaching regarding the use of antileukotriene agents such as zafirlukast (Accolate) should include which statement? a. "Take the medication as soon as you begin wheezing." b. "It will take about 3 weeks before you notice a therapeutic effect." c. "This medication will prevent the inflammation that causes your asthma attack." d. "Increase fiber and fluid in your diet to prevent the side effect of constipation."

c. "This medication will prevent the inflammation that causes your asthma attack."

The client complains of a sore throat and has been told it is due to beta-hemolytic streptococcal infection. The nurse realizes this condition is called what? a. Acute rhinitis. b. Acute sinusitis. c. Acute pharyngitis. d. Acute rhinorrhea.

c. Acute pharyngitis.

The nurse is planning to administer metoclopramide (Reglan). What is a primary intervention? a. Administer with food to decrease gastrointestinal upset. b. Administer every 6 hours around the clock. c. Administer 30 minutes before meals and at bedtime. d. Give with a full glass of water first thing in the morning.

c. Administer 30 minutes before meals and at bedtime.

A client with a history of asthma is short of breath and says, "I feel like I'm having an asthmatic attack." What is the nurse's best action? a. Call a code. b. Ask the client to describe the symptoms. c. Administer a beta2 adrenergic agonist. d. Administer a long-acting glucocorticoid.

c. Administer a beta2 adrenergic agonist.

When metoclopramide (Raglan) is given for nausea, the client is cautioned to avoid which substance? a. Milk b. MAOIs c. Alcohol d. Carbonated beverages

c. Alcohol

When administering sucralfate (Carafate) to a client with a nasogastric tube, what is an essential intervention? a. Crush the tablet into a fine powder before mixing it with water. b. Administer with a bolus tube feeding. c. Allow the tablet to dissolve in water before administering. d. Administer with an antacid for maximum benefit.

c. Allow the tablet to dissolve in water before administering.

The nurse is doing health teaching with a client with psoriasis. Which is a nursing implication of the new biologic agents for the management of psoriasis? a. Daily weight b. Monitor electrolytes c. Assess lesions d. Monitor CBC and T-cell count

c. Assess lesions

Which client needs immediate intervention? a. Client taking aluminum-containing antacids with complaints of reflux. b. Client taking calcium-containing antacids who is hypocalcemic. c. Client taking magnesium-containing antacids who has renal failure. d. Client taking antacids who is older than 70 years.

c. Client taking magnesium-containing antacids who has renal failure.

What will the nurse teach the client about the reason for administering multiple medications for relief of nausea and vomiting? a. Combination therapy decreases the risk of constipation. b. Combination therapy is more cost-effective. c. Combination therapy blocks different vomiting pathways. d. Combination therapy decreases side effects due to lower doses of each drug.

c. Combination therapy blocks different vomiting pathways.

The nurse is caring for a client with a theophylline level of 14 mcg/mL. What is the priority nursing intervention? a. Increase the IV drip rate. b. Monitor the client for toxicity. c. Continue to assess the client's oxygenation. d. Stop the IV for an hour then restart at lower rate.

c. Continue to assess the client's oxygenation.

The client is being prepared for an eye examination. When the nurse takes the health history, the client says that she is sensitive to atropine sulfate. What drug might be used instead for the examination? a. Diclofenac b. Suprofen c. Cyclopentolate d. Betaxolol HCl

c. Cyclopentolate

Which outcome assessment is essential to monitor for the client taking diphenoxylate (Lomotil)? a. Increase in bowel sounds b. Increase in number of bowel movements c. Decrease in gastric motility d. Decrease in urination

c. Decrease in gastric motility

An 85-year-old client is taking acetazolamide, a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. A nursing intervention associated with clients receiving this drug is to monitor what? a. Weight b. Complete blood count c. Electrolytes d. Urine output

c. Electrolytes

Before administering a stimulant laxative to a client, which nursing intervention is the priority? a. Obtain a history of constipation and causes. b. Record baseline vital signs. c. Evaluate renal function. d. Assess fluid and electrolyte balance.

c. Evaluate renal function.

A client taking an oral theophylline preparation is due for her next dose and has a blood pressure of 100/50 mm Hg and a heart rate of 110. The client is irritable. What is the best action for the nurse to take? a. Continue to monitor the client. b. Call the health care provider. c. Hold the next dose of theophylline. d. Administer oxygen 2 lpm via nasal cannula.

c. Hold the next dose of theophylline.

Which is the best instruction for the nurse to include when teaching a client about the use of expectorants? a. Restrict fluids in order to decrease mucus production. b. Take the medication once a day only, at bedtime. c. Increase fluid intake in order to decrease viscosity of secretions. d. Increase fiber and fluid intake to prevent constipation.

c. Increase fluid intake in order to decrease viscosity of secretions.

A client is taking aminophylline-theophylline ethylenediamine (Somophyllin). For what should the nurse monitor the client? a. Drowsiness b. Hypoglycemia c. Increased heart rate d. Decreased white blood cell count

c. Increased heart rate

What will the nurse expect to find that would indicate a therapeutic effect of acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)? a. Decreased cough reflex b. Decreased nasal secretions c. Liquefying and loosening of bronchial secretions d. Relief of bronchospasms

c. Liquefying and loosening of bronchial secretions

What is the most important thing for the nurse to teach the client with a history of diabetes and asthma who has started on albuterol PRN? a. Take Tylenol for headaches when taking albuterol. b. Monitor for orthostatic hypotension every 2 hours when taking albuterol. c. Monitor blood glucose levels every 4 hours when taking albuterol. d. An antianxiety agent may be prescribed to help with nervousness.

c. Monitor blood glucose levels every 4 hours when taking albuterol.

Which assessment is most important for the client who is taking stimulant laxatives? a. Monitor bowel elimination daily. b. Monitor intake and output. c. Monitor signs and symptoms of fluid and electrolyte imbalance. d. Monitor heart rate and blood pressure every 4 hours.

c. Monitor signs and symptoms of fluid and electrolyte imbalance.

The health care provider prescribes lansoprazole (Prevacid) to a client. Which assessment indicates to the nurse that the medication has had a therapeutic effect? a. The client has no diarrhea. b. The client has no gastric pain. c. The client has no throat pain. d. The client is able to eat.

c. The client has no throat pain.

A client is taking ranitidine (Zantac). The nurse who is teaching the client about this drug should include which information? (Select all that apply.) a. Drug-induced impotence is irreversible b. The drug must be administered 30 minutes before meals c. The drug must be administered separate from an antacid by at least 1 hour d. The drug must always be administered with magnesium hydroxide e. Smoking should be avoided while taking this drug f. Foods high in vitamin B12 should be increased in diet

c. The drug must be administered separate from an antacid by at least 1 hour e. Smoking should be avoided while taking this drug f. Foods high in vitamin B12 should be increased in diet

A client is prescribed scopolamine. What information will the nurse include on the teaching plan for this client? (Select all that apply.) a. "Do not take this medication if you are dizzy." b. "Do not use laxatives while on this medication." c. "Do not use this medication for longer than a day." d. "After 3 days, switch patch to alternate ear." e. "Apply patch 4 hours before effect is desired." f. "Drowsiness is a concern while on this medication."

d. "After 3 days, switch patch to alternate ear." e. "Apply patch 4 hours before effect is desired." f. "Drowsiness is a concern while on this medication."

The nurse is caring for a client in the clinic who states that he is afraid of taking antihistamines because he is a truck driver. What is the best information for the nurse to give this client? a. "Take the medication only when you are not driving." b. "Take a lower dose than normal when you have to drive." c. "You are correct, you should not take antihistamines." d. "You may be able to safely take a second-generation antihistamine."

d. "You may be able to safely take a second-generation antihistamine."

A client is prescribed Lorazepam (Ativan) and a glucocorticoid during chemotherapy treatments. What is the nurse's best action? a. Call the health care provider and question the order. b. Only administer the Ativan if the client seems anxious. c. Administer the two medications at least 12 hours apart. d. Administer the medications and assess the client for relief.

d. Administer the medications and assess the client for relief.

When a client complains of pain accompanying a peptic ulcer, why should an antacid be given? a. Antacids decrease GI motility. b. Antacids decrease gastric acid secretion. c. Aluminum hydroxide is a systemic antacid. d. Antacids neutralize HCl and reduce pepsin activity.

d. Antacids neutralize HCl and reduce pepsin activity.

Before applying povidone-iodine (Betadine) to a client's skin, what is a primary nursing intervention? a. Apply a cortisone cream. b. Wash the skin. c. Shave and prepare the area. d. Ask client if he or she has any allergies.

d. Ask client if he or she has any allergies.

The nurse administers pilocarpine (Pilocar) to a client with glaucoma. Which assessment finding would indicate a therapeutic effect of the medication? a. Client's eyes appear clear, without drainage. b. Client states that her eyes feel very dry. c. Client's pupils are dilated to 4 mm. d. Client's pupils are constricted to 2 mm.

d. Client's pupils are constricted to 2 mm.

A client is using the scopolamine patch to prevent motion sickness. The nurse teaches the client that which is a common side effect of this drug? a. Diarrhea b. Vomiting c. Insomnia d. Dry mouth

d. Dry mouth

Beclomethasone (Beconase) has been prescribed for a client with allergic rhinitis. The nurse teaches the client that which is the most common side effect from continuous use? a. Dizziness b. Rhinorrhea c. Hallucinations d. Dry nasal mucosa

d. Dry nasal mucosa

A client is prescribed the decongestant oxymetazoline (Afrin) nasal spray. What should the nurse teach the client? a. Take this drug at bedtime as a sleep aid. b. Directly spray away from the nasal septum and gently sniff. c. This drug may be used in maintenance treatment for asthma. d. Limit the drug to 5 days of use to prevent rebound nasal congestion.

d. Limit the drug to 5 days of use to prevent rebound nasal congestion.

The nurse is instructing a client about the advantages of salmeterol (Serevent) over other beta2 agonists such as albuterol (Proventil). How will the nurse explain to the client the difference in these two medications? a. Salmeterol has a shorter onset of action. b. Salmeterol does not have any side effects. c. Albuterol has a longer onset of action. d. Salmeterol has a longer duration of action.

d. Salmeterol has a longer duration of action.

Which intervention is most appropriate for the client with second-degree burns? a. IV antibiotics b. Isolation c. IV dextrose infusion d. Silver sulfadiazine cream

d. Silver sulfadiazine cream

The nurse instructs the client to avoid which over-the-counter products when taking theophylline (Theo-Dur)? a. acetaminophen (Tylenol) b. echinacea c. diphenhydramine (Benadryl) d. St. John's wort

d. St. John's wort

Discharge teaching to a client receiving a beta-agonist bronchodilator should emphasize reporting which side effect? a. Hypoglycemia b. Nonproductive cough c. Sedation d. Tachycardia

d. Tachycardia

The nurse is caring for a young child who has been prescribed an inhaler for control of her asthma. The child is having difficulty using the inhaler. What is the nurse's best action? a. Tell the parent to hold the inhaler for the child. b. Ask the health care provider to switch to oral medications. c. Tell the parent that young children should not use inhalers. d. Teach the child to use a spacer.

d. Teach the child to use a spacer.

The nurse is caring for clients on the pulmonary unit. Which client should not receive epinephrine if ordered? a. The client with a history of emphysema b. The client with a history of type 2 diabetes c. The client who is 16 years old d. The client with atrial fibrillation with a rate of 100

d. The client with atrial fibrillation with a rate of 100

When a client is given sucralfate (Carafate), the nurse knows that its mode of action is what? a. To neutralize gastric acidity b. To inhibit gastric acid secretion by inhibiting histamine at H2 receptors in parietal cells c. To suppress gastric acid secretion by inhibiting the hydrogen/potassium ATPase enzyme d. To combine with protein to form a viscous substance that forms a protective covering of ulcer

d. To combine with protein to form a viscous substance that forms a protective covering of ulcer

A 55-year-old man has a chief complaint: "I'm going bald." Which drug is used to treat male pattern baldness? a. dexamethasone b. PABA c. minoxidil d. finasteride

d. finasteride

A nurse is caring for a client who is unable to tolerate oral medications. The nurse anticipates that the client may be prescribed which proton pump inhibitor to be administered intravenously? a. esomeprazole (Nexium) b. lansoprazole (Prevacid) c. omeprazole (Prilosec) d. pantoprazole (Protonix)

d. pantoprazole (Protonix)

The nurse reviews the African-American client's list of medications. It is important for the nurse to be aware that the prostaglandin analogue more effective in African Americans than in non-African Americans is wha? a. latanoprost b. bimatoprost c. unoprostone d. travoprost

d. travoprost