Pharmacology Unit 1b
The effects of LSD
six to nine hours
Cocaine, caffeine, and amphetamines are all
stimulants
The addictive effects of cocaine are
both psychological and physical
Which of the following is FALSE regarding caffeine?
There is strong research linking consumption to coronary heart disease
Barbiturates and tranquilizers are two common types of depressants.
True
Dependence is one of the major risk of all psychoactive drugs.
True
The medicinal use of marijuana is legal in some states.
True
One of the common effects of marijuana use is
reduce attention span
There is no natural source for amphetamines
True
If your doctor prescribes a tranquilizer for you, her intention for the drug is to help you to
relax
Which of the following BEST describes a synergistic effect of two drugs taken together? the effect of the
Two drugs combined is greater than the effects of each taken alone
The highest rate of drug abuse in the United States occurs among people of ages
18 to 25
A drug is any substance (other than food) that
Alters structure or function in living organisms
In medical use, barbiturates are designed to relax the patient, while tranquilizers are designed to induce sleep.
False
Marijuana's active ingredient is excreted from the body in a few hours.
False
Psychoactive drugs have the potential for only physical dependence.
False
The hallucinogen LSD is a derivative of mescaline.
False
The term drug abuse cannot be applied to improper use of drug for which you have a prescription.
False
Unlike the dependency that can be produced by drugs, process addictions do not generally cause financial, emotional, or social problems.
False
Which of the following BEST illustrates a drug tolerance reaction?
Felicia used to be dizzy when she drank a glass of wine, but she no longer does
All of the following are names for the "date rape" drug EXCEPT
Liquid ecstasy
Halle drinks three cups of strong coffee per day. Based on what researchers know now, what risk does she face and wheat should she do?
No significant risks; she only needs to cut back if she become pregnant
Which of the following is FALSE regarding psychoactive drugs? They
Only depress the central nervous system
A gateway drug is a drug that
often leads to the abuse of heavier drugs
Continued use of ecstasy can result in
possible dependence and brain damage
Which of the following BEST illustrates drug misuse, as opposed to drug abuse?
Taking twice the recommended dosage of an over-the-counter painkiller for toothache
Caffeine is capable of inducing physical dependence.
True
LSD users do not develop a physical dependence on the drug.
True
Marijuana produced mild effects like those of stimulants and depressants.
True
Most stimulants are unlikely to produce strong physical dependence.
True
PCP is typically manufactured in home laboratories
True
PCP use is marked by paranoia and aggressive behavior.
True
Quaaisynthetic narcotics are created by chemically altering morphine.
True
The effect of smoking crack is almost instantaneous.
True
There is some connection between personality and susceptibility to drug use.
True
Tolerance is when an individual needs a larger dose of a drug to receive previously felt sensations.
True
When does drug misuse MOST clearly cross the line into drug abuse?
When you continue use despite negative effects on health
Freebasing is
a method of using solvents to concentrate cocaine
Crystal methamphetamine is
a pure form of methamphetamine that produces intense physical and psychological exhilaration
So-called club drugs are identified by their
association with bars and raves
Drugs that induce sleep are often used in anesthesia are called
barbiturates
Designer drugs are
chemically and psychoactive similar to controlled substances, but different enough to escape legal restrictions
Heavy use of hallucinogens is known to occasionally produce
flashbacks
When a doctor administers another drug to a victim of a drug overdose, it is probably one that
has an antagonistic effect on the drug that the victim took
One of the biggest dangers of crack use is
heart failure
Which of the following is considered a quasisynthetic narcotic?
heroin
LSD is typically manufactured in
home laboratories
Every day after work, Leon has a couple of drinks to help him relax even though it upsets his stomach. This illustrates that he
is psychologically dependent on alcohol
Psychoactive drugs derived from the poppy plant are natural
narcotics
The greatest danger in the use of inhalants is
respiratory and cardiovascular damage
Which of the following children is MOST likely to take drugs when he gets older?
A child who is easily bored and needs constant challenges
When two or more drugs are taken and the result is merely combined total effect of each drug, the result is a(n) ____ effect.
Additive
Drugs affect the central nervous system by
Blocking the production or forcing the continued release of neurotransmitter
Compare the similarities and differences between drug abuse and drug misuse.
Both refer to the inappropriate use of drugs, and both can be damaging to health. Misuse, however, refers to inappropriate medical use of a legal drug, while abuse refers to any use or any drug in a way that damages health.
Chronic use of methamphetamine will not produce psychological dependence.
False
Cocaine is perhaps the weakest of the stimulant drugs.
False
Describe the impact of psychoactive drugs on nervous system function.
Environmental stimuli are collected by various receptor, converted to electrical impulses and conducted to the brain through nerves. The electrical impulses are transmitted between nerve cells by the activity of chemical neurotransmitter. Psychoactive drugs disrupt the activity of the neurotransmitters.
A synergistic effect occurs when two or more drugs taken together reduce each other's effects.
False
Caffeine, even in moderate amounts, has been proven to cause heart damage.
False
Both of Ron's parents abuse drugs, and he fears that we will inherit that behavior. What can you tell him about the role of heredity in substance abuse?
Genetic factors have been found to play in the development of alcoholism, but are less conclusive for other substances
Another word that means psychological dependence is
Habituation
Which of the following is NOT included in the class of drugs known as inhalants?
Propoxyphene
Which of the following BEST illustrates codependence?
Protecting an addicted son or daughter from criticism by ignoring the problem
Drugs that change the user's feelings, perceptions, or moods are called
Psychoactive
A drug commonly prescribed to hyperactive children that is sometimes abused is
Ritalin
Which of the following is NOT part of the process of addiction
Setting
Which of the following conditions show MOST clearly that Lise is a codependent in her husband's alcoholism?
She will make excuses for her husband's drinking behavior
Which of the following BEST illustrates a synergistic drug effect?
Taking several drinks after a dose of your antianxiety drug suddenly causes severe respiratory depression
Compare the contrast stimulants and depressants.
Stimulants generally increase the activity of the central system and increase such functions as heart rate, blood pressure, and brain activity. Depressants have the opposite effects on the central nervous system and cardiovascular system. Stimulants tend to be psychologically addictive but not physically addictive, while depressants are generally both. Both types of drugs can be dangerous and even lethal when abused.
The strength of marijuana's hallucinogenic effects is determined by the amount of ___ it contains.
THC
which of the following is FALSE regarding marijuana use?
The active ingredient in marijuana, THC, can be detected up to 90 days after use
The unpleasant effects of the drug withdrawal are caused by
The body's attempt to regain homeostasis after developing physical dependence on the drug
Cross-tolerance occurs when
Tolerance for one drug affects tolerance for another
The combination of cocaine hydrochloride with common baking soda is called
crack
Tranquilizers and barbiturates fit into which drug category?
depressants
A characteristic of major concern when using narcotics is
the rapid development of physical dependence
The main difference between designer drugs and drugs on the FDA's list of controlled substances is
their legal status
One of the unique dangers of PCP is that
users often attack those around them
Of the following, the clearest example of a gateway drug influence is
youngsters' cigarette smoking leading the way into marijuana smoking