Pharmacology Unit 1b

The effects of LSD

six to nine hours

Cocaine, caffeine, and amphetamines are all

stimulants

The addictive effects of cocaine are

both psychological and physical

Which of the following is FALSE regarding caffeine?

There is strong research linking consumption to coronary heart disease

Barbiturates and tranquilizers are two common types of depressants.

True

Dependence is one of the major risk of all psychoactive drugs.

True

The medicinal use of marijuana is legal in some states.

True

One of the common effects of marijuana use is

reduce attention span

There is no natural source for amphetamines

True

If your doctor prescribes a tranquilizer for you, her intention for the drug is to help you to

relax

Which of the following BEST describes a synergistic effect of two drugs taken together? the effect of the

Two drugs combined is greater than the effects of each taken alone

The highest rate of drug abuse in the United States occurs among people of ages

18 to 25

A drug is any substance (other than food) that

Alters structure or function in living organisms

In medical use, barbiturates are designed to relax the patient, while tranquilizers are designed to induce sleep.

False

Marijuana's active ingredient is excreted from the body in a few hours.

False

Psychoactive drugs have the potential for only physical dependence.

False

The hallucinogen LSD is a derivative of mescaline.

False

The term drug abuse cannot be applied to improper use of drug for which you have a prescription.

False

Unlike the dependency that can be produced by drugs, process addictions do not generally cause financial, emotional, or social problems.

False

Which of the following BEST illustrates a drug tolerance reaction?

Felicia used to be dizzy when she drank a glass of wine, but she no longer does

All of the following are names for the "date rape" drug EXCEPT

Liquid ecstasy

Halle drinks three cups of strong coffee per day. Based on what researchers know now, what risk does she face and wheat should she do?

No significant risks; she only needs to cut back if she become pregnant

Which of the following is FALSE regarding psychoactive drugs? They

Only depress the central nervous system

A gateway drug is a drug that

often leads to the abuse of heavier drugs

Continued use of ecstasy can result in

possible dependence and brain damage

Which of the following BEST illustrates drug misuse, as opposed to drug abuse?

Taking twice the recommended dosage of an over-the-counter painkiller for toothache

Caffeine is capable of inducing physical dependence.

True

LSD users do not develop a physical dependence on the drug.

True

Marijuana produced mild effects like those of stimulants and depressants.

True

Most stimulants are unlikely to produce strong physical dependence.

True

PCP is typically manufactured in home laboratories

True

PCP use is marked by paranoia and aggressive behavior.

True

Quaaisynthetic narcotics are created by chemically altering morphine.

True

The effect of smoking crack is almost instantaneous.

True

There is some connection between personality and susceptibility to drug use.

True

Tolerance is when an individual needs a larger dose of a drug to receive previously felt sensations.

True

When does drug misuse MOST clearly cross the line into drug abuse?

When you continue use despite negative effects on health

Freebasing is

a method of using solvents to concentrate cocaine

Crystal methamphetamine is

a pure form of methamphetamine that produces intense physical and psychological exhilaration

So-called club drugs are identified by their

association with bars and raves

Drugs that induce sleep are often used in anesthesia are called

barbiturates

Designer drugs are

chemically and psychoactive similar to controlled substances, but different enough to escape legal restrictions

Heavy use of hallucinogens is known to occasionally produce

flashbacks

When a doctor administers another drug to a victim of a drug overdose, it is probably one that

has an antagonistic effect on the drug that the victim took

One of the biggest dangers of crack use is

heart failure

Which of the following is considered a quasisynthetic narcotic?

heroin

LSD is typically manufactured in

home laboratories

Every day after work, Leon has a couple of drinks to help him relax even though it upsets his stomach. This illustrates that he

is psychologically dependent on alcohol

Psychoactive drugs derived from the poppy plant are natural

narcotics

The greatest danger in the use of inhalants is

respiratory and cardiovascular damage

Which of the following children is MOST likely to take drugs when he gets older?

A child who is easily bored and needs constant challenges

When two or more drugs are taken and the result is merely combined total effect of each drug, the result is a(n) ____ effect.

Additive

Drugs affect the central nervous system by

Blocking the production or forcing the continued release of neurotransmitter

Compare the similarities and differences between drug abuse and drug misuse.

Both refer to the inappropriate use of drugs, and both can be damaging to health. Misuse, however, refers to inappropriate medical use of a legal drug, while abuse refers to any use or any drug in a way that damages health.

Chronic use of methamphetamine will not produce psychological dependence.

False

Cocaine is perhaps the weakest of the stimulant drugs.

False

Describe the impact of psychoactive drugs on nervous system function.

Environmental stimuli are collected by various receptor, converted to electrical impulses and conducted to the brain through nerves. The electrical impulses are transmitted between nerve cells by the activity of chemical neurotransmitter. Psychoactive drugs disrupt the activity of the neurotransmitters.

A synergistic effect occurs when two or more drugs taken together reduce each other's effects.

False

Caffeine, even in moderate amounts, has been proven to cause heart damage.

False

Both of Ron's parents abuse drugs, and he fears that we will inherit that behavior. What can you tell him about the role of heredity in substance abuse?

Genetic factors have been found to play in the development of alcoholism, but are less conclusive for other substances

Another word that means psychological dependence is

Habituation

Which of the following is NOT included in the class of drugs known as inhalants?

Propoxyphene

Which of the following BEST illustrates codependence?

Protecting an addicted son or daughter from criticism by ignoring the problem

Drugs that change the user's feelings, perceptions, or moods are called

Psychoactive

A drug commonly prescribed to hyperactive children that is sometimes abused is

Ritalin

Which of the following is NOT part of the process of addiction

Setting

Which of the following conditions show MOST clearly that Lise is a codependent in her husband's alcoholism?

She will make excuses for her husband's drinking behavior

Which of the following BEST illustrates a synergistic drug effect?

Taking several drinks after a dose of your antianxiety drug suddenly causes severe respiratory depression

Compare the contrast stimulants and depressants.

Stimulants generally increase the activity of the central system and increase such functions as heart rate, blood pressure, and brain activity. Depressants have the opposite effects on the central nervous system and cardiovascular system. Stimulants tend to be psychologically addictive but not physically addictive, while depressants are generally both. Both types of drugs can be dangerous and even lethal when abused.

The strength of marijuana's hallucinogenic effects is determined by the amount of ___ it contains.

THC

which of the following is FALSE regarding marijuana use?

The active ingredient in marijuana, THC, can be detected up to 90 days after use

The unpleasant effects of the drug withdrawal are caused by

The body's attempt to regain homeostasis after developing physical dependence on the drug

Cross-tolerance occurs when

Tolerance for one drug affects tolerance for another

The combination of cocaine hydrochloride with common baking soda is called

crack

Tranquilizers and barbiturates fit into which drug category?

depressants

A characteristic of major concern when using narcotics is

the rapid development of physical dependence

The main difference between designer drugs and drugs on the FDA's list of controlled substances is

their legal status

One of the unique dangers of PCP is that

users often attack those around them

Of the following, the clearest example of a gateway drug influence is

youngsters' cigarette smoking leading the way into marijuana smoking