pharmacology1

The nurse is planning to administer hydrochlorothiazide to a client. Which are concerns related to the administration of this medication?

Hypokalemia, hyperglycemia, sulfa allergy

The home care nurse visits a client at home who has been prescribed prednisone 5 mg orally daily. The nurse reinforces teaching for the client about the medication. Which statement made by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

I can take aspirin or my antihistamine if I need it."

The client has an as needed prescription for ondansetron. For which condition should the nurse administer this medication?

Nausea and vomiting

The client with a gastric ulcer has a prescription for sucralfate 1 g by mouth four times daily. The nurse should schedule the medication to be administered at which times?

One hour before meals and at bedtime

The client with small cell lung cancer is being treated with etoposide and the nurse is assisting with caring for the client during administration. The client gets up to use the bathroom and is dizzy and very weak. The nurse understands these symptoms are likely as a result of which side/adverse effect that is specifically associated with this medication?

Orthostatic hypotension

The nurse is reviewing the history and physical examination of a client who will be receiving asparaginase, an antineoplastic agent. The nurse consults with the registered nurse regarding the administration of the medication if which is documented in the client's history?

Pancreatitis

A client has been taking isoniazid for 2 months. The client complains to the nurse about numbness, paresthesia, and tingling in the extremities. The nurse interprets that the client is experiencing which problem?

Peripheral neuritis

Methylergonovine is prescribed for a client with postpartum hemorrhage. Before administering the medication, the nurse contacts the primary health care provider (PHCP) who prescribed the medication if which condition is documented in the client's medical history?

Peripheral vascular disease

A client with diabetes mellitus visits a healthcare clinic. The client's diabetes mellitus previously had been well controlled with glyburide daily, but recently the fasting blood glucose level has been 180 mg/dL to 200 mg/dL (10.2 mmol/L to 11.4 mmol/L). Which medication, added to the client's regimen, may have contributed to the hyperglycemia?

Prednisone

The nurse has given a client taking ethambutol information about the medication. The nurse determines that the client understands the instructions if the client states to report which occurrence immediately?

Problems with visual acuity

The client diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is taking nevirapine. The nurse should monitor for which side/adverse effects of the medication? Select all that apply.

Rash 2. Hepatotoxicity

The client has begun medication therapy with pancrelipase. The nurse evaluates that the medication is having the optimal intended benefit if which effect is observed?

Reduction of steatorrhea

A client is to begin a 6-month course of therapy with isoniazid. The nurse should plan to provide which information to the client?

Report yellow eyes or skin immediately.

The nurse is monitoring a client who is receiving oxytocin to induce labor. Which assessment findings should cause the nurse to immediately discontinue the oxytocin infusion? Select all that apply.

Uterine hyperstimulation 4. Late decelerations of the fetal heart rate

A client is receiving digoxin daily. The nurse suspects digoxin toxicity after noting which signs and symptoms? Select all that apply.

Visual disturbances 2. Nausea and vomiting Serum digoxin level of 2.3 ng/mL (2.93 nmol/L)

A client with severe acne is seen in the clinic and the primary health care provider (PHCP) prescribes isotretinoin. The nurse reviews the client's medication record and would contact the PHCP if the client is also taking which medication?

Vitamin A

A client with acute muscle spasms has been taking baclofen. The client calls the clinic nurse because of continuous feelings of weakness and fatigue and asks the nurse about discontinuing the medication. The nurse should make which appropriate response to the client?

Weakness and fatigue commonly occur and will diminish with continued medication use."

Silver sulfadiazine is prescribed for a client with a burn injury. Which laboratory finding requires the need for monitoring by the nurse?

White blood cell count of 3000 mm3 (3.0 × 109/L)

The client with trigeminal neuralgia is being treated with carbamazepine. Which laboratory result indicates that the client is experiencing an adverse effect of the medication?

White blood cell count, 3000 mm3 (3 × 109/L)

The nurse is reinforcing teaching for a client regarding how to mix regular insulin and NPH insulin in the same syringe. Which action performed by the client indicates the need for further teaching

Withdraws the NPH insulin first

The nurse is caring for a client who is taking phenytoin for control of seizures. During data collection, the nurse notes that the client is taking birth control pills. Which information should the nurse provide to the client?

The potential for decreased effectiveness of the birth control pills exists while taking phenytoin

A client is taking Humulin NPH insulin daily every morning. The nurse reinforces instructions to the client and should tell the client that which is the most likely time for a hypoglycemic reaction to occur?

6 to 14 hours after administration

Isoniazid is prescribed for a 2-year-old child with a positive tuberculin skin test. The mother of the child asks the nurse how long the child will need to take the medication. Which time frame is the appropriate response to the mother?

9 months

A sulfonamide is prescribed for a client with a urinary tract infection. During review of the client's record, the nurse notes that the client is taking warfarin sodium daily. Which prescription should the nurse anticipate for this client?

A decrease in the warfarin sodium dosage

Phenazopyridine hydrochloride is prescribed for a client for symptomatic relief of pain resulting from a lower urinary tract infection. Which should the nurse reinforce to the client?

A reddish-orange discoloration of the urine may occur.

The nurse is reviewing the record of a client who has been prescribed baclofen. Which disorder should alert the nurse to contact the primary health care provider (PHCP)?

A seizure disorder

The client with myasthenia gravis becomes increasingly weak. The primary health care provider (PHCP) prepares to identify whether the client is reacting to an overdose of the medication (cholinergic crisis) or increasing severity of the disease (myasthenic crisis). An injection of edrophonium is administered. Which change in condition indicates that the client is in cholinergic crisis?

A temporary worsening of the condition

Heparin sodium is prescribed for the client. Which laboratory result indicates that the heparin is prescribed at a therapeutic level

Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) of 55 seconds

Dantrolene sodium is prescribed for a client experiencing flexor spasms, and the client asks the nurse about the action of the medication. The nurse responds knowing that which is the therapeutic action of this medication?

Acts directly on the skeletal muscle to relieve spasticity

Salicylic acid is prescribed for a client with a diagnosis of psoriasis. The nurse monitors the client, knowing that which finding indicates the presence of systemic toxicity from this medication?

Tinnitus

Glimepiride is prescribed for a client with diabetes mellitus. The nurse reinforces instructions for the client and tells the client to avoid which while taking this medication?

Alcohol

The client has an as needed prescription for loperamide hydrochloride. For which condition should the nurse administer this medication?

An episode of diarrhea

The client with myasthenia gravis is receiving pyridostigmine. The nurse monitors for signs and symptoms of cholinergic crisis caused by overdose of the medication. The nurse checks the medication supply to ensure that which medication is available for administration if a cholinergic crisis occurs?

Atropine sulfate

The nurse is reinforcing discharge instructions to a client receiving baclofen. Which should the nurse include in the instructions?

Avoid the use of alcohol

The nurse is assisting with caring for a client with cancer who is receiving cisplatin. Which adverse effects are associated with this medication? Select all that apply.

Tinnitus 2. Ototoxicity 5. Nephrotoxicity 6. Hypomagnesemia

A client in preterm labor (31 weeks) who is dilated to 4 cm has been started on magnesium sulfate and her contractions have stopped. If the client's labor can be inhibited for the next 48 hours, the nurse anticipates a prescription for which medication?

Betamethasone

Following kidney transplantation, cyclosporine is prescribed for a client. Which laboratory result would indicate an adverse effect from the use of this medication?

Blood urea nitrogen level of 25 mg/dL (8.8 mmol/L)

Cycloserine is added to the medication regimen for a client with tuberculosis. Which instruction should the nurse reinforce in the client-teaching plan regarding this medication?

To return to the clinic weekly for serum drug-level testing

The client is receiving meperidine hydrochloride for pain. Which signs/symptoms are side and adverse effects of this medication? Select all that apply.

Tremors 3. Drowsiness 4. Hypotension

Phenytoin, 100 mg orally three times daily, has been prescribed for a client for seizure control. The nurse reinforces instructions regarding the medication to the client. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the instructions?

"I will use a soft toothbrush to brush my teeth."

The home health care nurse is visiting a client with elevated triglyceride levels and a serum cholesterol level of 398 mg/dL (9.95 mmol/L). The client is taking cholestyramine. Which statement made by the client indicates the need for further teaching?

"I'll continue my nicotinic acid from the health food store."

A client is taking nicotinic acid for hyperlipidemia, and the nurse reinforces instructions to the client about the medication. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the instructions?

"Ibuprofen taken 30 minutes before the nicotinic acid should decrease the flushing.

The client with acute myelocytic leukemia is being treated with busulfan. Which laboratory value should the nurse specifically monitor during treatment with this medication?

Uric acid level

Bethanechol chloride is prescribed for a client with urinary retention. Which disorder should be a contraindication to the administration of this medication?

Urinary strictures

The client with metastatic breast cancer is receiving tamoxifen. The nurse specifically monitors which laboratory value while the client is taking this medication?

Calcium level

The client is taking phenytoin for seizure control, and a blood sample for a serum drug level is drawn. Which laboratory finding indicates a therapeutic serum drug result?

15 mcg/mL (59.52 mcmol/L)

A hospitalized client with coronary artery disease complains of substernal chest pain. After checking the client's heart rate and blood pressure, the nurse administers nitroglycerin, 0.4 mg, sublingually. After 5 minutes, the client states, "My chest still hurts." Which appropriate actions should the nurse take? Select all that apply.

Check the client's pain level. 4. Check the client's blood pressure. 5. Administer a second nitroglycerin, 0.4 mg, sublingually.

The client with squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx is receiving bleomycin intravenously. The nurse caring for the client anticipates that which diagnostic study will be prescribed? Select all that apply.

Chest x-ray Pulmonary function studies

Tamoxifen is prescribed for the client with metastatic breast carcinoma. The nurse understands that which is the primary action of this medication?

Compete with estradiol for binding to estrogen in tissues containing high concentrations of receptors.

The client diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has begun therapy with zidovudine. The nurse should monitor which laboratory result during treatment with this medication?

Complete blood count

An older client has recently been taking cimetidine. The nurse should monitor the client for which most frequent central nervous system side effect of this medication?

Confusion

The client who has a cold is seen in the emergency department with an inability to void. Because the client has a history of benign prostatic hyperplasia, the nurse determines that the client should be questioned about the use of which class of medications?

Decongestants

Desmopressin acetate is prescribed for the treatment of diabetes insipidus. The nurse monitors the client after medication administration for which therapeutic response?

Decreased urinary output

The nurse is reviewing the results of serum laboratory studies drawn on a client diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) who is receiving didanosine. The nurse determines that the client may have the medication discontinued by the primary health care provider (PHCP) if which significantly elevated result is noted?

Serum amylase

Rifabutin is prescribed for a client with active Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) disease and tuberculosis. The nurse should monitor for which side/adverse effects of the medication? Select all that apply.

Signs of hepatitis 2. Flu-like syndrome 3. Low neutrophil count 5. Ocular pain or blurred vision

Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is prescribed for a client. The nurse should instruct the client to report which symptom if it developed during the course of this medication therapy?

Sore throat

A client is receiving acetylcysteine, 20% solution diluted in 0.9% normal saline by nebulizer. The nurse should have which item available for a possible adverse event after giving this medication?

Suction equipment

A postoperative client has received a dose of naloxone hydrochloride for respiratory depression shortly after transfer to the nursing unit from the postanesthesia care unit. After administration of the medication, the nurse should check the client for which sign/symptom?

Sudden increase in pain

During the monitoring of a client's response to disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), which findings should the nurse interpret as acceptable responses? Select all that apply.

Symptom control during periods of emotional stress 2. Normal white blood cell, platelet, and neutrophil counts 3. Radiological findings that show nonprogression of joint degeneration 4. An increased range of motion in the affected joints 3 months into therapy

Alendronate is prescribed for a client with osteoporosis and the nurse is providing instructions for the administration of the medication. Which instruction should the nurse reinforce?

Take the medication with a full glass of water after rising in the morning.

Isosorbide mononitrate is prescribed for a client with angina pectoris. The client tells the nurse that the medication is causing a chronic headache. Which action should the nurse suggest to the client?

Take the medication with food.

A client is diagnosed with an acute myocardial infarction and is receiving tissue plasminogen activator, alteplase. Which action is a priority nursing intervention?

Monitor for signs of bleeding.

An opioid analgesic is administered to a client in labor. The nurse assigned to care for the client ensures that which medication is readily available if respiratory depression occurs?

Naloxone

A histamine (H2)-receptor antagonist will be prescribed for a client. The nurse understands that which medications are H2-receptor antagonists? Select all that apply.

Nizatidine 2. Ranitidine 3. Famotidine 4. Cimetidine

The homecare nurse visits a client recently diagnosed with diabetes mellitus who is taking Humulin NPH insulin daily. The client asks the nurse how to store the unopened vials of insulin. The nurse should provide which information?

Refrigerate the insulin

The client who frequently uses nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) has been taking misoprostol. The nurse determines that this medication is having the intended therapeutic effect if which is noted?

Relief of epigastric pain

Ibuprofen is prescribed for a client. Which instruction should the nurse give the client about taking this medication?

Take with 8 oz of milk.

The nurse who is administering bethanechol chloride is monitoring for acute toxicity associated with the medication. The nurse should check the client for which sign of toxicity?

Bradycardia

A burn client is receiving treatments of topical mafenide acetate to the site of injury. The nurse monitors the client, knowing that which finding indicates the occurrence of a systemic effect?

Hyperventilation

The nurse is monitoring a client receiving levothyroxine sodium for hypothyroidism. Which findings indicate the presence of a side effect associated with this medication? Select all that apply.

Insomnia 2. Weight loss Mild heat intolerance

The nurse is reinforcing discharge instructions to a client receiving sulfadiazine. Which should be included in the list of instructions?

Maintain a high fluid intake.

A pregnant client is receiving magnesium sulfate for the management of preeclampsia. The nurse determines that the client is experiencing toxicity from the medication if which findings are noted during assessment? Select all that apply.

Respirations of 10 breaths/minute 4. Urine output of 20 mL in an hour

Oxybutynin chloride is prescribed for a client with neurogenic bladder. Which sign would indicate a possible toxic effect related to this medication?

Restlessness

The nurse is monitoring a client who is taking propranolol. Which data collection finding would indicate a potential serious complication associated with propranolol?

The development of audible expiratory wheezes

Silver sulfadiazine is prescribed for a client with a partial-thickness burn and the nurse provides teaching about the medication. Which statement made by the client indicates a need for further teaching about the treatments?

The medication is likely to cause stinging initially."

A client with a peptic ulcer is diagnosed with a Helicobacter pylori infection. The nurse is reinforcing teaching for the client about the medications prescribed, including clarithromycin, esomeprazole, and amoxicillin. Which statement by the client indicates the best understanding of the medication regimen?

The medications will kill the bacteria and stop the acid production."

The client has been taking medication for rheumatoid arthritis for 3 weeks. During the administration of etanercept, it is most important for the nurse to collect which data?

The white blood cell and platelet counts

Isotretinoin is prescribed for a client with severe acne. Before the administration of this medication, the nurse anticipates that which laboratory test will be prescribed?

Triglyceride level

The nurse is preparing to administer beractant to a premature infant who has respiratory distress syndrome. The nurse plans to administer the medication by which route?

Intratracheal

Methylergonovine is prescribed for a woman to treat postpartum hemorrhage. Before administration of methylergonovine, what is the priority nursing assessment?

Blood pressure

A client with tuberculosis is being started on antituberculosis therapy with isoniazid. Before giving the client the first dose, the nurse ensures that which baseline study has been completed?

Liver enzyme levels

The camp nurse asks the children preparing to swim in the lake if they have applied sunscreen. The nurse reminds the children that chemical sunscreens are most effective when applied at which times?

At least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun

The client with ovarian cancer is being treated with vincristine. The nurse monitors the client, knowing that which adverse effect is specific to this medication?

Extremity numbness

The nurse is monitoring a client in preterm labor who is receiving intravenous magnesium sulfate. The nurse should monitor for which adverse effects of this medication? Select all that apply.

Flushing Depressed respirations 5. Extreme muscle weakness

Cyclobenzaprine is prescribed for a client to treat muscle spasms, and the nurse is reviewing the client's record. Which disorder would indicate a need to contact the primary health care provider (PHCP) regarding the administration of this medication?

Glaucoma

The client has been taking omeprazole for 4 weeks. The nurse evaluates that the client is receiving the optimal intended effect of the medication if the client reports the absence of which symptom?

Heartburn

The nurse is applying a topical corticosteroid to a client with eczema. The nurse should apply the medication to which body area? Select all that apply.

Back Soles of the feet 5. Palms of the hands

Rho(D) immune globulin is prescribed for a client after delivery and the nurse provides information to the client about the purpose of the medication. The nurse determines that the woman understands the purpose if the woman states that it will protect her next baby from which condition?

Being affected by Rh incompatibility

The nurse is caring for a postrenal transplantation client with prescription for cyclosporine. If the nurse notes an increase in one of the client's vital signs and the client is complaining of a headache, which vital sign is most likely increased?

Blood pressure

A client has been started on long-term therapy with rifampin. Which information about this medication should the nurse provide to the client?

Causes red-orange discoloration of sweat, tears, urine, and feces

The nurse reinforces discharge instructions to a postoperative client who is taking warfarin sodium. Which statement made by the client reflects the need for further teaching?

I will take enteric-coated aspirin for my headaches because it is coated."

The home care nurse is visiting a client who was recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The client, prescribed repaglinide and metformin, asks the nurse to explain these medications. The nurse should reinforce which instructions to the client? Select all that apply.

Diarrhea can occur secondary to metformin. 2. The repaglinide is not taken if a meal is skipped. 3. The repaglinide is taken 30 minutes before eating. 4. Candy or another simple sugar is carried and used to treat mild hypoglycemia episodes.

The nurse is monitoring a client receiving baclofen for side effects related to the medication. Which should indicate that the client is experiencing a side effect?

Drowsiness

A client with chronic kidney disease is receiving epoetin alfa. Which laboratory result would indicate a therapeutic effect of the medication?

Hematocrit of 33% (0.33)

The client with myasthenia gravis is suspected of having cholinergic crisis. Which sign/symptom indicates this crisis is taking place?

Hypertension

The nursing instructor asks a nursing student to describe the procedure for administering erythromycin ointment to the eyes of a newborn. Which student statement indicates that further teaching is needed?

I will flush the eyes after instilling the ointment."

A client has a prescription to take guaifenesin every 4 hours, as needed. The nurse determines that the client understands the most effective use of this medication if the client makes which statement?

I will take the tablet with a full glass of water."

Carbidopa-levodopa is prescribed for a client with Parkinson's disease, and the nurse monitors the client for adverse effects of the medication. Which sign/symptom indicates the client is experiencing an adverse effect?

Impaired voluntary movements

The clinic nurse is performing an admission assessment on a client and notes that the client is taking azelaic acid. The nurse determines that which client complaint may be associated with the use of this medication?

Itching

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory studies on a client receiving dantrolene sodium. Which laboratory test(s) would identify an adverse effect associated with the administration of this medication?

Liver function tests