PHYS 2- Quiz Questions from Mastering Physics

Which of the following statements are true? Check all that apply. Good conductors of electricity have larger conductivity values than insulators. The resistance of a conductor is proportional to the resistivity of the material of which the conductor is composed. Semiconductors have resistivity values that are larger than those of insulators. The resistance of a conductor is proportional to the conductivity of the material of which the conductor is composed. A material that obeys Ohm's law reasonably well is called an ohmic conductor or a linear conductor.

1, 2, 5

Increasing the resistivity of the material the wire is composed of will increase the resistance of the wire. Increasing the cross-sectional area of the wire will increase the resistance of the wire. Decreasing the length of the wire will increase the resistance of the wire. Increasing the length of the wire will increase the resistance of the wire. Decreasing the resistivity of the material the wire is composed of will increase the resistance of the wire. Decreasing the cross-sectional area of the wire will increase the resistance of the wire.

1, 4, 6

Two charged objects are separated by some distance. The charge on the first object is greater than the charge on the second object. How does the force between the two objects compare? The charged objects exert electrostatic forces on each other that are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction. The first object exerts a large electrostatic force on the second object. The second object exerts a large electrostatic force on the first object. The charged objects exert electrostatic forces on each other that are equal in magnitude and pointing in the same direction.

A

What happens to the resistance of most common metals as the temperature of the metal increases? The resistance increases as temperature increases. The resistance decreases as temperature increases. Whether resistance increases or decreases as temperature increases depends on the type of metal. The resistance remains constant as temperature increases.

A

Consider three resistors with unequal resistances connected in parallel to a battery. Which of the following statements are true? Check all that apply. The voltage across each of the resistors is the same and is equal in magnitude to the voltage of the battery. The algebraic sum of the currents flowing through each of the three resistors is equal to the current supplied by the battery. The equivalent resistance of the combination of resistors is less than the resistance of any one of the three resistors. The equivalent resistance of the combination of resistors is greater than the resistance of any one of the three resistors. The algebraic sum of the voltages across the three resistors is equal to the voltage supplied by the battery. The current flowing through each of the resistors is the same and is equal to the current supplied by the battery.

A,b,c

For vibrational motion, what term denotes the maximum displacement from the equilibrium position? wavelength period amplitude frequency

Amplitude

A mass on the end of a spring undergoes simple harmonic motion. At the instant when the mass is at its equilibrium position, what is its instantaneous acceleration? At equilibrium, its instantaneous acceleration is at maximum. At equilibrium, its instantaneous acceleration is less than its maximum but not zero. Instantaneous acceleration cannot be determined without additional information. At equilibrium, its instantaneous acceleration is zero.

At equilibrium, its instantaneous acceleration is zero.

A mass on the end of a spring undergoes simple harmonic motion. At the instant when the mass is at its equilibrium position, what is its instantaneous velocity? At equilibrium, its instantaneous velocity is zero. At equilibrium, its instantaneous velocity is less than its maximum but not zero. At equilibrium, its instantaneous velocity is at maximum. Instantaneous velocity cannot be determined without additional information.

At equilibrium, its instantaneous velocity is at maximum.

A mass on the end of a spring undergoes simple harmonic motion. At the instant when the mass is at its maximum displacement from equilibrium, what is its instantaneous acceleration? At maximum displacement, its instantaneous acceleration is zero. At maximum displacement, its instantaneous acceleration is also at maximum. At maximum displacement, its instantaneous acceleration is less than its maximum but not zero. Instantaneous acceleration cannot be determined without additional information.

At maximum displacement, its instantaneous acceleration is also at maximum.

A mass on the end of a spring undergoes simple harmonic motion. At the instant when the mass is at its maximum displacement from equilibrium, what is its instantaneous velocity? At maximum displacement, its instantaneous velocity is less than its maximum but not zero. At maximum displacement, its instantaneous velocity is also at maximum. Instantaneous velocity cannot be determined without additional information. At maximum displacement, its instantaneous velocity is zero.

At maximum displacement, its instantaneous velocity is zero.

A dielectric material, such as Teflon®, is placed between the plates of a parallel-plate capacitor without altering the structure of the capacitor. The charge on the capacitor is held fixed. How is the electric field between the plates of the capacitor affected? The electric field becomes infinite because of the insertion of the Teflon®. The electric field decreases because of the insertion of the Teflon®. The electric field is not altered, because the structure remains unchanged. The electric field becomes zero after the insertion of the Teflon®. The electric field increases because of the insertion of the Teflon®.

B

A negative charge moves in a direction opposite to that of an electric field. What happens to the energy associated with the charge? Both the electric potential energy and the kinetic energy of the charge increase. The electric potential energy of the charge decreases, and the kinetic energy increases. The electric potential energy of the charge increases, and the kinetic energy decreases. Both the electric potential energy and the kinetic energy of the charge decrease.

B

A positive charge is moved from point A to point B along an equipotential surface. How much work is performed or required in moving the charge? Work is performed in moving the positive charge from point A to point B. No work is performed or required in moving the positive charge from point A to point B. Work is both performed and required in moving the charge from point A to point B. Work is required in moving the positive charge from point A to point B.

B

A positive charge moves in a direction opposite to that of an electric field. What happens to the energy associated with the charge? The electric potential energy of the charge decreases, and the kinetic energy increases. The electric potential energy of the charge increases, and the kinetic energy decreases. Both the electric potential energy and the kinetic energy of the charge decrease. Both the electric potential energy and the kinetic energy of the charge increase.

B

The plates of a parallel-plate capacitor are maintained with a constant voltage by a battery as they are pulled apart. How is the strength of the electric field affected during this process? The electric field between the plates becomes zero. The strength of the electric field decreases during this process. The strength of the electric field remains constant. The strength of the electric field increases during this process. The electric field between the plates becomes infinite.

B

The plates of a parallel-plate capacitor are maintained with a constant voltage by a battery as they are pushed together, without touching. How is the amount of charge on the plates affected during this process? The amount of charge on the plates decreases during this process. The amount of charge on the plates increases during this process. The amount of charge on the plates becomes zero. The amount of charge remains constant.

B

The voltage applied across a given parallel-plate capacitor is doubled. How is the energy stored in the capacitor affected? The energy stored in the capacitor is decreased to one-half of its original value. The energy stored in the capacitor quadruples its original value. The energy stored in the capacitor is decreased to one-fourth of its original value. The energy stored in the capacitor doubles its original value. The energy stored in the capacitor remains constant.

B

When a point charge of +q is placed on one corner of a square, an electric field strength of 2 N/C is observed at the center of the square. Suppose three identical charges of +q are placed on the remaining three corners of the square. What is the magnitude of the net electric field at the center of the square? The magnitude of the net electric field at the center of the square is 6 N/C. The magnitude of the net electric field at the center of the square is 0 N/C. The magnitude of the net electric field at the center of the square is 8 N/C. The magnitude of the net electric field at the center of the square is 2 N/C. The magnitude of the net electric field at the center of the square is 4 N/C.

B

A net charge is placed on a hollow conducting sphere. How does the net charge distribute itself? The net charge uniformly distributes itself throughout the thickness of the conducting sphere. The net charge uniformly distributes itself on the sphere's inner surface. The net charge uniformly distributes itself on the sphere's outer surface. The net charge clumps together at some location within the sphere. The net charge uniformly distributes itself on the sphere's inner and outer surfaces.

C

If the resistance in a circuit connected to a constant current is halved, how is the voltage in the circuit affected? The voltage is doubled. The voltage is quadrupled. The voltage is reduced by a factor of 2. The voltage remains constant. The voltage is reduced by a factor of 4.

C

If the voltage across a circuit of constant resistance is doubled, how is the current in the circuit affected? The current remains constant. The current is reduced by a factor of 2. The current is doubled. The current is reduced by a factor of 4. The current is quadrupled.

C

Two charged objects separated by some distance attract each other. If the charges on both objects are doubled with no change in distance between them, what happens to the magnitude of the force between the objects? The force between them is halved. The force between them also doubles. The force between them quadruples. The force between them remains unchanged. The force between them is quartered.

C

A constant voltage is applied across a circuit. If the resistance in the circuit is doubled, what is the effect on the power dissipated by the circuit? The power dissipated remains constant. The power dissipated is reduced by a factor of 4. The power dissipated is quadrupled. The power dissipated is reduced by a factor of 2. The power dissipated is doubled.

D

A dielectric material, such as Teflon®, is placed between the plates of a parallel-plate capacitor without altering the structure of the capacitor. The charge on the capacitor is held fixed. How is the voltage across the plates of the capacitor affected? The voltage is not altered, because the structure remains unchanged. The voltage becomes infinite because of the insertion of the Teflon®. The voltage increases because of the insertion of the Teflon®. The voltage decreases because of the insertion of the Teflon®. The voltage becomes zero after the insertion of the Teflon®

D

A solid conducting sphere is placed in an external uniform electric field. With regard to the electric field on the sphere's interior, which statement is correct? The interior field points in a direction parallel to the exterior field. The interior field points in a direction perpendicular to the exterior field. The interior field points in a direction opposite to the exterior field. There is no electric field on the interior of the conducting sphere.

D

The electric potential at a certain location from a point charge can be represented by V. What is the value of the electric potential at the same location if the strength of the charge is tripled? If you triple the value of the charge, the electric potential is V/3. If you triple the value of the charge, the electric potential remains V. If you triple the value of the charge, the electric potential is V/9. If you triple the value of the charge, the electric potential is 3V. If you triple the value of the charge, the electric potential is 9V.

D

The strength of the electric field at a certain distance from a point charge is represented by E. What is the strength of the electric field at twice the distance from the point charge? At twice the distance, the strength of the field is 4E. At twice the distance, the strength of the field is E/2. At twice the distance, the strength of the field remains equal to E. At twice the distance, the strength of the field is E/4. At twice the distance, the strength of the field is 2E. `

D

A circuit maintains a constant resistance. If the current in the circuit is doubled, what is the effect on the power dissipated by the circuit? The power dissipated is reduced by a factor of 2. The power dissipated is reduced by a factor of 4. The power dissipated is doubled. The power dissipated remains constant. The power dissipated is quadrupled.

E

A parallel-plate capacitor connected to a battery becomes fully charged. After the capacitor from the battery is disconnected, the separation between the plates of the capacitor is doubled in such a way that no charge leaks off. How is the energy stored in the capacitor affected? The energy stored in the capacitor is decreased to one-half of its original value. The energy stored in the capacitor quadruples its original value. The energy stored in the capacitor is decreased to one-fourth of its original value. The energy stored in the capacitor remains constant. The energy stored in the capacitor doubles its original value.

E

Gaussian surfaces A and B enclose the same positive point charge. The area of surface A is two times larger than that of surface B. How does the total electric flux through the two surfaces compare? The total electric flux through surface B is four times larger than that through surface A. The total electric flux through surface A is eight times larger than that through surface B. The total electric flux through surface A is four times larger than that through surface B. The total electric flux through surface B is eight times larger than that through surface A. The total electric flux through the two surfaces is equal.

E

If a dielectric material, such as Teflon®, is placed between the plates of a parallel-plate capacitor without altering the structure of the capacitor, how is the capacitance affected? The capacitance becomes zero after the insertion of the Teflon®. The capacitance becomes infinite after the insertion of the Teflon®. The capacitance decreases because of the insertion of the Teflon®. The capacitance is not altered, because the structure remains unchanged. The capacitance increases because of the insertion of the Teflon®.

E

The magnitude of the magnetic field at a certain distance from a long, straight conductor is represented by B. What is the magnitude of the magnetic field at twice the distance from the conductor? At twice the distance, the magnitude of the field is 2B. At twice the distance, the magnitude of the field is B/4. At twice the distance, the magnitude of the field remains equal to B. At twice the distance, the magnitude of the field is 4B. At twice the distance, the magnitude of the field is B/2.

E

Consider two copper wires with the same cross-sectional area. Wire A is twice as long as wire B. How do the resistivities and resistances of the two wires compare? Check all that apply. Wire B has twice the resistance of wire A. Wire A has twice the resistivity of wire B. Wire B has twice the resistivity of wire A. Wire A and wire B have the same resistance. Wire A and wire B have the same resistivity. Wire A has twice the resistance of wire B.

E, F

A positively charged rod is brought close to one end of an uncharged metal rod but does not actually touch it. What type of charge does the end of the metal rod closest to the positively charged rod acquire? The end of the metal rod closest to the positively charged rod can acquire either a positive or negative charge, depending on the composition of the metal. The end of the metal rod closest to the positively charged rod acquires a negative charge. The end of the metal rod closest to the positively charged rod acquires a positive charge. The end of the metal rod closest to the positively charged rod remains neutral.

The end of the metal rod closest to the positively charged rod acquires a negative charge.

A simple pendulum consists of a point mass suspended by a weightless, rigid wire in a uniform gravitation field. Which of the following statements are true when the system undergoes small oscillations? Check all that apply. The period is proportional to the suspended mass. The period is inversely proportional to the suspended mass. The period is independent of the length of the wire. The period is proportional to the length of the wire. The period is inversely proportional to the length of the wire. The period is independent of the suspended mass.

The period is independent of the suspended mass

A standing wave is established in an organ pipe that is closed at one end. What is located at the open and closed ends of the pipe? A displacement antinode is located at the open end, and a displacement node is located at he closed end. A displacement node is located at the open end, and a displacement antinode is located at the closed end. Displacement antinodes are located at each end of the pipe. Displacement nodes are located at each end of the pipe.

a displacement antinode is located at the open end, and a displacement node is located at the closed end

For a wave, what term is defined as the maximum height of a crest, or depth of a trough, relative to the normal level? amplitude wave velocity wavelength period frequency

amplitude

A resistor and a capacitor are connected in series to an ideal battery of constant terminal voltage. When the system reaches its steady state, what is the voltage across the resistor and the capacitor? The voltage across both the resistor and the capacitor is zero. The voltage across the resistor is zero, and the voltage across the capacitor is equal to the terminal voltage of the battery. The voltage across both the resistor and the capacitor is equal to the terminal voltage of the battery. The voltage across both the resistor and the capacitor is equal to one-half of the terminal voltage of the battery. The voltage across the resistor is equal to the terminal voltage of the battery, and the voltage across the capacitor is zero.

b

As additional resistors are connected in parallel to a constant voltage source, how is the power supplied by the source affected? The effect on the power supplied by the source cannot be determined without knowing the voltage of the source. The power supplied by the source increases. The power supplied by the sources remains constant. The power supplied by the source decreases.

b

The electric potential at a certain distance from a point charge can be represented by V. What is the value of the electric potential at twice the distance from the point charge? At twice the distance, the electric potential remains V. At twice the distance, the electric potential is V/2. At twice the distance, the electric potential is V/4. At twice the distance, the electric potential is 2V. At twice the distance, the electric potential is 4V.

b

Which of the following statements are true? Check all that apply. Kirchhoff's junction rule is based on the conservation of energy. The sum of the changes in potential around any closed loop of a circuit must equal zero. At any junction point in a circuit, the sum of all the currents entering the junction must equal the sum of all the currents leaving the junction. Kirchhoff's loop rule is based on the conservation of charge.

b,c

As additional resistors are connected in series to a constant voltage source, how is the power supplied by the source affected? The power supplied by the sources remains constant. The power supplied by the source increases. The power supplied by the source decreases. The effect on the power supplied by the source cannot be determined without knowing the voltage of the source.

c

A charged particle enters into a uniform magnetic field such that its velocity vector is perpendicular to the magnetic field vector. Ignoring the particle's weight, what type of path will the particle follow? The charged particle will follow a straight-line path. The charged particle will follow a parabolic path. The charged particle will follow a spiral path. The charged particle will follow a circular path.

d

A resistor, capacitor, and switch are all connected in series to an ideal battery of constant terminal voltage. Initially, the switch is open. What is the voltage across the resistor and the capacitor at the moment the switch is closed? The voltage across both the resistor and the capacitor is equal to the terminal voltage of the battery. The voltage across both the resistor and the capacitor is zero. The voltage across both the resistor and the capacitor is equal to one-half of the terminal voltage of the battery. The voltage across the resistor is equal to the terminal voltage of the battery, and the voltage across the capacitor is zero. The voltage across the resistor is zero, and the voltage across the capacitor is equal to the terminal voltage of the batte

d

Two wave pulses pass each other on a string. The pulse traveling toward the right has positive amplitude, whereas the pulse traveling toward the left has equal amplitude in the negative direction. What happens when they occupy the same region of space at the same time? Destructive interference occurs. A standing wave is produced. A traveling wave is produced. Constructive interference occurs.

destructive interference occurs

An electron is traveling horizontally toward the north in a uniform magnetic field that is directed vertically downward. In what direction does the magnetic force act on the electron? upward north south downward east west

east

When the oscillation of the particles in a medium is parallel to the direction of the wave's motion, what type of wave is this? transverse wave longitudinal wave

longitudal wave

Which of the following statements are true? Check all that apply. The speed of sound is constant. Sound can travel through a vacuum. The loudness of a sound is related it its amplitude. The pitch of a sound is determined by its frequency. Sound is a transverse wave.

loudness of a sound is related to its amplitude the pitch of a sound is determined by its frequency

A long, straight, vertical wire carries a current upward. Due east of this wire, in what direction does the magnetic field point? downward east south west upward north

north

For a wave, what term is defined as the time elapsed between two successive crests, or two successive troughs, passing by the same point in space? amplitude wave velocity wavelength frequency period

period

What term denotes the time for one cycle of a periodic process? amplitude frequency wavelength period

period

A plastic rod is rubbed with a fur. During the rubbing process, the rod acquires a negative charge. What type of charge does the fur acquire? The fur acquires either a negative or positive charge, depending on how hard the rod was rubbed. The fur also acquires a negative charge. The fur remains neutral. The fur acquires a positive charge.

positve charge

The frequency of a wave increases. If the speed of the wave remains constant, what happens to the distance between successive crests? The distance between successive crests remains constant. The distance between successive crests increases. The distance between successive crests decreases.

the distance between successive crests decreases

A standing wave is established on a string that is fixed at both ends. If the string is vibrating at its fundamental frequency, how is the length of the string related to the wavelength of the standing wave? The length of the string is equal to the wavelength. The length of the sting is equal to one-quarter of a wavelength. The length of the string is equal to one-half of a wavelength. The length of the string is equal to twice the wavelength.

the length of the string is equal to one half of a wavelength

A wave pulse traveling to the right along a thin cord reaches a discontinuity where the rope becomes thicker and heavier. What is the orientation of the reflected and transmitted pulses? The reflected pulse is right-side up, and the transmitted pulse is inverted. Both the reflected and transmitted pulses are right-side up. The reflected pulse is inverted, and the transmitted pulse is right-side up. Both the reflected and transmitted pulses are inverted.

the reflected pulse is inverted, and the transmitted pulse is right side up

For a wave, what term is defined as the distance between two successive crests or two successive troughs? period wavelength amplitude wave velocity frequency

wavelength