Physical Geography Exam 1

The body of land on the leeward side of a mountain range that is relatively dry and hot due to adiabatic warming. Select one: a. windward side b. rain shadow c. stable air d. leeward side e. unstable air

b. rain shadow

In physical geography the processes we talk about are fundamentally products of the energy Select one: a. of plate tectonics. b. that flows from the Sun to the Earth. c. absorbed by the ozone layer d. from the heat of the Earth's interior. e. from the greenhouse effect.

b. that flows from the Sun to the Earth.

The annual migration of the subsolar point occurs within which of the following latitudes? Select one: a. Arctic and Antarctic. b. tropics. c. midlatitudes. d. subarctic latitudes. e. high latitudes.

b. tropics.

Atmospheric pressure systems in the Mid-latitudes generally migrate from _____ to _____. Select one: a. west to east b. pole to equator c. east to west d. south to north e. north to south

a. west to east

A free chlorine atom can only destroy one ozone molecule. Select one: True False

False

Geography is just the study and definition of the location of countries, capital cities, rivers, and oceans. Select one: True False

False

Radiation requires molecules to be in contact with one another. Select one: True False

False

Solstice refers to the time when the subsolar point is at the Equator. Select one: True False

False

The Northern Hemisphere's summer solstice occurs when the subsolar point is at the Tropic of Capricorn. Select one: True False

False

The hottest recorded temperature on Earth was measured in Death Valley. Select one: True False

False

The sky is blue because of reflection of the vast surface area of water. Select one: True False

False

The wet adiabatic lapse rate applies to both rising and descending air. Select one: True False

False

Water can change from a vapor to a solid through a process known as sublimation without entering a liquid phase. Select one: True False

False

While lines of longitude are always parallel to one another, lines of latitude converge at the poles. Select one: True False

False

A large-scale map shows a relatively large area with low level of detail Select one: True False

False Large-scale maps show just a little bit of the world, but with a huge amount of detail. Small-scale maps show a large section of the world, with only a little detail.

Select all of the following that are important variable gases. Select one or more: a. water vapor b. methane c. carbon monoxide d. argon e. carbon dioxide

a. water vapor b. methane e. carbon dioxide

In the Northern Hemisphere, at which time of the year does the Sun reach its highest point in the sky at solar noon? Select one: a. Summer Solstice b. Spring Equinox c. Winter Solstice d. none of the answers given here e. Fall Equinox

a. Summer Solstice

As water evaporates from the ocean, energy is transferred to the atmosphere in the form of latent heat, which in turn moderates the temperature of coastal places. Select one: True False

True

The Equator shows two peaks in daily insolation over the course of a year. Select one: True False

True

The ITCZ is generally located wherever the Sun is directly overhead. Select one: True False

True

The STH is responsible for warm, dry, descending air over the tropics. Select one: True False

True

The amount of radiation reflected depends on the albedo and the Sun's angle of incidence. Select one: True False

True

The closer the isobars, the faster the surface winds. Select one: True False

True

The coldest region of the atmosphere is the mesopause. Select one: True False

True

The consistently warm temperatures that occur in the tropics are a function of high Sun angles year round. Select one: True False

True

The greenhouse effect is responsible for making the Earth hospitable for life. Select one: True False

True

The representation of the three-dimensional Earth on a two-dimensional surface is known as a map projection. Select one: True False

True

Variable gases make up less than 1% of the atmosphere. Select one: True False

True

Select all of the following statements that are true about the stratosphere. Select one or more: a. Commercial jet liners routinely travel here. b. It ranges in altitude from 50 km to 80 km. c. Most active weather occurs here. d. It ranges in altitude from 12 km to 50 km. e. This is where the ozone layer can be found.

a. Commercial jet liners routinely travel here. d. It ranges in altitude from 12 km to 50 km. e. This is where the ozone layer can be found.

Select all of the following statements that are true about radiation. Select one or more: a. Electromagnetic waves are measured in terms of their power and intensity. b. The electromagnetic spectrum covers the entire wavelength range of electromagnetic energy. c. Wavelengths covered in the electromagnetic spectrum are not visible to the human eye. d. Radiation is electromagnetic energy that is transmitted in the form of waves. e. The only wavelengths covered in the electromagnetic spectrum are those visible to the human eye.

a. Electromagnetic waves are measured in terms of their power and intensity. b. The electromagnetic spectrum covers the entire wavelength range of electromagnetic energy. d. Radiation is electromagnetic energy that is transmitted in the form of waves.

Select all of the following statements that are true. Select one or more: a. In the Northern Hemisphere the Sun's angle gets lower from August to November. b. The North Pole is the only place on Earth that can have a 24-hour night. c. During the Equinoxes every place on the Earth has a 12-hour day. d. The subsolar point is always at the Equator.

a. In the Northern Hemisphere the Sun's angle gets lower from August to November. c. During the Equinoxes every place on the Earth has a 12-hour day.

Select all of the following statements that are true about high- and low-pressure systems. Select one or more: a. In the center of a high-pressure system there are usually no clouds. b. In the center of a high-pressure system there are usually very light winds. c. In the center of a low-pressure system it is usually cloudy. d. In the center of a low-pressure system there are usually no clouds. e. In the center of a low-pressure system it is usually very windy.

a. In the center of a high-pressure system there are usually no clouds. b. In the center of a high-pressure system there are usually very light winds. c. In the center of a low-pressure system it is usually cloudy. e. In the center of a low-pressure system it is usually very windy.

Select all of the following statements that are true about the troposphere. Select one or more: a. It has an environmental lapse rate of (on average) 6.4°C per 1000 m b. It is generally warmed by longwave radiation emitted from the Earth as part of the global energy balance c. It is the hottest of the atmospheric layers d. It contains most of the atmospheric water vapor and particulates e. It is the coldest of the atmospheric layers f. It is where most meteors burn up as they fall through the atmosphere

a. It has an environmental lapse rate of (on average) 6.4°C per 1000 m b. It is generally warmed by longwave radiation emitted from the Earth as part of the global energy balance d. It contains most of the atmospheric water vapor and particulates

Particulate matter includes which of the following? (Select all that apply.) Select one or more: a. volcanic ash b. CFCs c. pollen grains d. salt spray e. wind-blown soil

a. volcanic ash c. pollen grains e. wind-blown soil

Sensible heat refers to which of the following? Select one or more: a. a form of heat energy that can be measured with a thermometer b. heat energy that goes into breaking bonds between molecules when a substance changes physical states c. none of the answers given here d. a form of heat energy that cannot be measured with a thermometer e. heat that can be sensed by touch or feeling

a. a form of heat energy that can be measured with a thermometer e. heat that can be sensed by touch or feeling

Which of the following is an example of natural processes directly related to the flow of solar radiation? Select one: a. all of these b. the formation of soils c. the movement of water in the air, in streams, and collection in lakes d. the circulation of the atmosphere e. the distribution of vegetation

a. all of these

A topographic map makes use of these types of lines. Select one: a. contours b. isobars c. isohyets d. isotherms e. isopachs

a. contours

Which of the following is a force that contributes to the direction of airflow? (Select all that apply.) Select one or more: a. frictional b. geostrophical c. pressure gradient d. Coriolis

a. frictional c. pressure gradient d. Coriolis

A sea breeze occurs: Select one: a. in daytime because the land is heated more rapidly than the water b. in daytime because the water is heated more rapidly than the land c. at nighttime because the land is cooled more rapidly than the water d. none of the other choices given here e. at nighttime because the water is cooled more rapidly than the land

a. in daytime because the land is heated more rapidly than the water Land-breezes and sea-breezes happen because the land goes through big temperature swings (cold at night, warm in the afternoon), while the temperature of the sea is pretty consistent. Wind blows from the colder surface toward the warmer surface. So, sea-breezes are cool daytime winds , that blow from the cool sea toward the land, because the land heats up. Land-breezes are nighttime winds that blow from the cool land toward the sea, because the land cools down at night, while the water barely cools at all.

The _________ is(are) the side of a mountain range that faces away from prevailing winds. Select one: a. leeward side b. katabatic winds c. Chinook winds d. windward side e. valley breeze

a. leeward side

A meridian is another name for Select one: a. longitude. b. latitude. c. graticule. d. projection

a. longitude.

Compared to low latitudes, high latitudes have ________________ average temperature and __________________ difference between high and low temperatures, Select one: a. lower ; larger b. higher ; larger c. lower ; smaller d. higher ; smaller

a. lower ; larger Near the equator (low latitudes), temperatures are warm year-round, with little variability between seasons. The further you get toward high latitudes (toward the North or South pole), it gets colder on average, but there are much larger differences between summer high temperatures and winter low temperatures.

Your latitude will always increase as you Select one: a. move away from the Equator. b. move toward the Equator. c. move south. d. move toward the North Pole e. move north.

a. move away from the Equator.

Which of the following is the correct order from greatest volume to least volume of gases in the troposphere? Select one: a. nitrogen, oxygen, argon, carbon dioxide b. oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, neon c. nitrogen, carbon dioxide, water, oxygen d. oxygen, nitrogen, argon, carbon dioxide e. neon, argon, oxygen, nitrogen

a. nitrogen, oxygen, argon, carbon dioxide Nitrogen and oxygen are the big two, with nitrogen making up 78% of the atmosphere and oxygen making up 21%. Each of the other gases (including argon, water vapor, carbon dioxide, ozone) is less than 1%.

Where is the subsolar point when all latitudes above 66.5°S experience 24 hours of darkness? Select one: a. the Tropic of Cancer b. the Arctic Circle c. the Equator d. the Antarctic Circle e. the Tropic of Capricorn

a. the Tropic of Cancer

The environmental lapse rate is Select one: a. the average change in temperature of still air with altitude. b. the rate at which a saturated body of air cools as it lifts. c. changes in temperature that occur due to variations in air pressure. d. the altitude at which water changes from the vapor to the liquid phase. e. the rate at which an unsaturated body of air cools while lifting or warms while descending.

a. the average change in temperature of still air with altitude.

Air pressure is Select one: a. the force that air molecules exert on a surface due to their weight. b. the force of gravity on a body at the surface. c. higher at higher altitudes. d. higher at higher temperatures. e. a measure of the average speed of the air molecules.

a. the force that air molecules exert on a surface due to their weight.

Select all of the layers where the temperature of the atmosphere increases as you increase your altitude. Select one or more: a. thermosphere b. troposphere c. biosphere d. stratosphere e. mesosphere

a. thermosphere d. stratosphere

This layer of the atmosphere contains most of the atmospheric water vapor and particulates. Select one: a. troposphere b. stratosphere c. stratopause d. mesosphere e. thermosphere

a. troposphere

This layer of the atmosphere contains most of the weather phenomena, atmospheric water vapor, and particulates. Select one: a. troposphere b. mesosphere c. thermosphere d. stratosphere e. stratopause

a. troposphere The troposphere is the lowest layer of the atmosphere, extending from the surface to about 10km up. It contains about 80% of the molecules in the atmosphere, including almost all of the water vapor and dust. It's also where we live and where almost all weather happens. Above the troposphere are the stratosphere (i.e., the ozone layer), mesosphere, and thermosphere.

At what wavelength does the Sun emit most of its radiation? Select one: a. visible b. infrared c. near infrared d. gamma radiation e. ultraviolet

a. visible Our eyes are adapted to see visible light, because the sun emits most of its radiation in the visible wavelengths. More specifically, it emits the most in yellow-green wavelengths (i.e., in the middle of the visible spectrum (violet through red light)). The sun also emits some ultraviolet radiation and infrared radiation wavelengths, but not as much. Cooler objects (most molecules on earth, with the exception of really hot things like fires) emit only infrared radiation.

A parallel is another name for Select one: a. longitude. b. latitude. c. projection d. graticule.

b. latitude.

Carbon dioxide comprises about ___% of the atmosphere. Select one: a. 0.003 b. 0.38 c. 20.95 d. 78.08 e. 0.93

b. 0.38

Choose the latitude with the highest Sun angle over the course of the year. Select one: a. 50° b. 30° c. 40° d. 45° e. 35°

b. 30°

Select all of the following statements that are true about cyclones. Select one or more: a. A cyclone has air diverging at the surface. b. A cyclone spins clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and counterclockwise in the Southern Hemisphere. c. A cyclone is also known as a low-pressure system. d. A cyclone has air converging at the surface. e. A cyclone spins counterclockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere. Feedback

b. A cyclone spins clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and counterclockwise in the Southern Hemisphere. d. A cyclone has air converging at the surface. e. A cyclone spins counterclockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere. Feedback

This type of map scale shows the actual size of units on the map. Select one: a. none of the choices given b. Graphic (or Bar) Scale c. Written (Verbal) Scale d. all of the choices given e. Representative Fraction (Ratio Scale)

b. Graphic (or Bar) Scale

1:36000 is representative of which type of map scale? Select one: a. all of the other choices given b. Representative Fraction (Ratio Scale) c. Graphic (or Bar) Scale d. none of the other choices given e. Written (Verbal) Scale

b. Representative Fraction (Ratio Scale)

What are the four layers of the atmosphere. (Select all that apply.) Select one or more: a. Lithosphere b. Thermosphere c. Troposphere d. Mesosphere e. Stratosphere

b. Thermosphere c. Troposphere d. Mesosphere e. Stratosphere

Which of the following statements is false about El Nino events? Select one: a. They bring warmer-than-normal currents and poor fishing to the west coast of South America b. They result in droughts along the west coast of South America c. They appear every 3-7 years and last for about a year d. They typically start around Christmas e. They involve a reversal of surface currents and winds in the tropical Pacific

b. They result in droughts along the west coast of South America El Nino is a reversal in the normal patterns of winds and currents in the equatorial Pacific Ocean. It usually happens about once every 3-7 years, starting around Christmas (El Nino means "the little boy", which is a reference, in this very Catholic region of the world, to the birth of Jesus). It results in warm-than-normal waters and rainy conditions (often causing flooding) in South America, and colder-than-normal waters and drought in Australia and southeast Asia.

On December 22, the sun is directly overhead at the ____________. Select one: a. Arctic Circle b. Tropic of Capricorn (23.5 degrees South) c. Equator d. Tropic of Cancer (23.5 degrees North) e. Antarctic Circle

b. Tropic of Capricorn (23.5 degrees South) On December 22 (which is the winter solstice if you live in the northern hemisphere), the sun is as far toward the south pole as it ever gets. But, it never goes further south than the Tropic of Capricorn or further north than the Tropic of Cancer (which is where it is on June 21).

One inch = 1 mile is representative of which type of map scale? Select one: a. all of the choices given b. Written (Verbal) Scale c. none of the choices given d. Representative Fraction (Ratio Scale) e. Graphic (or Bar) Scale

b. Written (Verbal) Scale

Latent heat refers to which of the following? Select one or more: a. heat that can be sensed by touching or feeling b. a form of heat energy that cannot be measured with a thermometer c. heat energy that goes into breaking bonds between molecules when a substance changes physical states d. none of the answers given here

b. a form of heat energy that cannot be measured with a thermometer c. heat energy that goes into breaking bonds between molecules when a substance changes physical states

What is the name given to thin and wispy clouds? Select one: a. nimbus b. cirrus c. stratus d. cumulus e. fog

b. cirrus

The climates of northeast Canada and northeastern Asia are under the influence of Select one: a. heavy moisture b. continentality c. maritime effects d. significant amounts of latent energy

b. continentality

Lines of longitude tell us the measure of location Select one: a. north or west of a geographical reference b. east or west of a geographical reference c. north or south of a geographical reference d. south or east of a geographical reference

b. east or west of a geographical reference

Cartography: (select all that apply) Select one or more: a. is the art of taking geographic pictures b. focuses on the many ways to display spatial information so that it can be used and understood efficiently c. is a subdiscipline of geography d. none of the answers given here e. is the art or technique of describing boundaries

b. focuses on the many ways to display spatial information so that it can be used and understood efficiently

Where will you find the amount of radiation received over the course of a year to be highly variable due to change in orbital position and the angle of incidence? Select one: a. low-latitude continental locations b. high-latitude continental locations c. midlatitude continental locations d. low-latitude coastal locations e. midlatitude coastal locations

b. high-latitude continental locations

On a map, lines of equal air pressure are called Select one: a. contours. b. isobars. c. isopachs. d. isotherms. e. isohyets.

b. isobars.

An equinox occurs when the subsolar point is at Select one: a. 66.5° N or S latitude. b. 23.5° N or S latitude. c. 0° latitude. d. none of the answers given here e. 15° N or S latitude.

c. 0° latitude.

Daytime low temperatures generally occur: Select one: a. When solar radiation is at a maximum b. As soon as solar radiation decreases to zero c. Around sunrise d. Around mid- to late- afternoon e. None of the other choices given here

c. Around sunrise Temperatures usually get colder and colder throughout the entire night, because we are losing energy by longwave radiation. After the sun comes up, the temperature starts to rise and continues to rise until mid-afternoon.

The contact in the Mid-latitudes between warm, tropical air, and colder polar air is known as the Select one: a. Subtropical High-Pressure System. b. Hadley cell. c. Polar Front. d. Polar High. e. Intertropical Convergence Zone.

c. Polar Front.

Select the two questions that are of greatest fundamental interest to geographers. Select one or more: a. When? b. How? c. Why? d. Who? e. Where?

c. Why? e. Where?

Reflectance of an object is known as Select one: a. angle of incidence. b. solar radiation. c. albedo. d. specific heat.

c. albedo.

The point in the Earth's orbit where it is the farthest from the Sun is called Select one: a. the rotation axis. b. perihelion. c. aphelion. d. the plane of the ecliptic. e. the semimajor axis.

c. aphelion.

In a low-pressure system in the Southern Hemisphere, the horizontal flow of air _____ in a ____ direction (as seen from above), Select one: a. diverge / counterclockwise b. diverge / clockwise c. converge / clockwise d. converge / anticyclonically e. diverge / cyclonically f. converge / counterclockwise

c. converge / clockwise

Great circles: (select all that apply) Select one or more: a. always pass through the poles. b. divide the Earth into three equal sections. c. describe the shortest distance between any two points on Earth. d. none of the answers given here e. have the center of the Earth as their center

c. describe the shortest distance between any two points on Earth. e. have the center of the Earth as their center

If the subsolar point is moving from the Equator toward the Tropic of Capricorn, what season of the year is it in the Northern Hemisphere? Select one: a. winter moving into spring b. spring moving into summer c. fall moving into winter d. none of the answers given here e. summer moving into fall

c. fall moving into winter

Which of the following does not describe land? Select one: a. low evaporation rate b. radiation does not penetrate the surface c. heats slowly d. no mixing between warmer and cooler e. low specific heat

c. heats slowly

This sphere provides the habitat and nutrients for many life-forms as rocks and minerals. Select one: a. hydrosphere. b. biosphere. c. lithosphere. d. atmosphere. e. none of these

c. lithosphere.

Lines of latitude tell us the measure of location Select one: a. south or east of a geographical reference b. north or west of a geographical reference c. north or south of a geographical reference d. east or west of a geographical reference

c. north or south of a geographical reference

When isobars are close together, it means Select one: a. there is a high-pressure system nearby. b. it is going to rain. c. there are strong surface winds. d. there are no or light surface winds. e. there is a low-pressure system nearby.

c. there are strong surface winds.

If you are experiencing winds that are described as "westerlies," the winds are flowing from which direction? Select one: a. north b. south c. west d. clockwise e. east

c. west

This type of map scale remains accurate if the map is enlarged or reduced when photocopying. Select one: a. none of the choices given b. all of the choices given c. Written (Verbal) Scale d. Graphic (or Bar) Scale e. Representative Fraction (Ratio Scale)

d. Graphic (or Bar) Scale

What is the biggest misconception concerning the definition of geography? Select one: a. none of these b. Most define it as a physical science concerned with the Earth as a system. c. Most define it as a specialized science. d. Most define it as just locating things on a map. e. Most define it as a science interested in evaluating people.

d. Most define it as just locating things on a map.

As the subsolar point is heading south after reaching the Tropic of Cancer, which hemisphere is receiving the greatest amount of sunlight? Select one: a. Southern b. Eastern c. none of the answers given here d. Northern e. Western

d. Northern

On the Southern Hemisphere's summer solstice, the subsolar point is located at the Select one: a. Arctic Circle. b. Antarctic Circle. c. Equator. d. Tropic of Capricorn. e. Tropic of Cancer.

d. Tropic of Capricorn.

Which of the following is not true when reading a topographic map? Select one: a. The closer the spacing of contour lines, the steeper the slope. b. They are all true. c. Contours that form closed circles indicate hills. d. Where contours cross a stream, they form V's that point downstream. e. Contour lines that are widely spaced represent relatively flat terrain.

d. Where contours cross a stream, they form V's that point downstream.

Geography is Select one: a. the classification and categorization of rock, sediment, and soils and their characteristic landforms b. the study of rocks and their formation and differentiation on the surface of the Earth. c. the discipline of creating maps devoted to the features and structure of the Earth. d. an ancient discipline examining the spatial attributes of the Earth's surface and how they differ from one place to another. e. a recent scientific discipline studying the tectonic plates of the Earth and their movements over time.

d. an ancient discipline examining the spatial attributes of the Earth's surface and how they differ from one place to another.

Select all of the following that are examples of convection. Select one or more: a. when you are sitting by a campfire, the heat you feel on your body b. when you accidentally touch the bottom of a pot that you just boiled water in, the heat you feel from the pot c. the heat you feel from the Sun on a hot summer day d. circulating water through an engine to cool it down and prevent it from overheating e. when you are heating water in a pot, water is heated on the bottom and then rises to the top to be replaced by cooler water

d. circulating water through an engine to cool it down and prevent it from overheating e. when you are heating water in a pot, water is heated on the bottom and then rises to the top to be replaced by cooler water

Where would you find high Sun angles and intense solar radiation all year long? Select one: a. midlatitude continental locations b. high-latitude continental locations c. midlatitude coastal locations d. low-latitude coastal locations e. high-latitude coastal locations

d. low-latitude coastal locations

If the Earth's axial tilt were 0° to the plane of the ecliptic, the seasons on Earth would be Select one: a. milder than now, with winters not as cold and summers not as hot as at present. b. much more severe, with longer, colder winters and fiercely hot summers. c. a little more severe than at present, with winters a little colder and summers a little hotter. d. practically nonexistent. e. the same as they are now.

d. practically nonexistent.

Where is the subsolar point when all latitudes above 66.5°N receive 24 hours of daylight? Select one: a. the Tropic of Capricorn b. the Antarctic Circle c. the Arctic Circle d. the Tropic of Cancer e. the Equator

d. the Tropic of Cancer

The term Geography translates as Select one: a. none of these b. written history. c. written universe. d. place on Earth. e. Earth description.

e. Earth description.

The point in the Earth's orbit where it is the farthest from the Sun is called Select one: a. the plane of the ecliptic. b. perihelion. c. the rotation axis. d. the semimajor axis. e. aphelion.

e. aphelion.

Which of the following does not describe water? Select one: a. high specific heat b. energy transportation c. radiation penetrates deeply d. high evaporation rate e. heats quickly

e. heats quickly

Which of the following is true about axial tilt for the Southern Hemisphere? Select one: a. none of the answers given here. b. in March it points toward the Sun and in September it points away from the Sun. c. in June it points toward the Sun and in December it points away from the Sun. d. in March it points away from the Sun and in September it points toward from the Sun. e. in June it points away from the Sun and in December it points toward the Sun.

e. in June it points away from the Sun and in December it points toward the Sun.

Insolation is __________. Select one: a. the warming effect of clouds b. the blanket-like effect the Earth's atmosphere has on global warming c. outgoing terrestrial radiation d. outgoing solar radiation e. incoming solar radiation

e. incoming solar radiation Remember insolation as sort of an acronym, which stands for INcoming SOLar radiATION. The different amounts of insolation at different locations, different seasons, and different times of day, cause variation in temperature, which in turn afffect variations in many things including wind patterns, storm systems, and vegetation growth.

Which is true about lines of latitude? Select one: a. they range from 180 degrees north to 180 degrees south b. they are called meridians c. they tell us how far east or west a place is d. they all intersect at the north and south poles e. they include the Arctic circle

e. they include the Arctic circle The parallels of latitude include the Arctic Circle, Tropic of Cancer, Equator, Tropic of Capricorn, and Antarctic Circle. They tell us how far north/south a place is, ranging from 90 degrees north at the North Pole, through zero at the equator, to 90 degrees south at the South Pole. The lines that intersect at the poles and tell us how far east/west a place is are the meridians of longitude.

Cyclones are areas of _________ pressure. In the northern hemisphere, winds around a cyclone _____________. Select one: a. High / Spiral counter-clockwise b. High / Blow straight out from the high c. Low / Spiral clockwise d. Low / Blow straight into the low e. High / Spiral clockwise f. Low / Spiral counter-clockwise

f. Low / Spiral counter-clockwise Cyclones are Lows - the two words are synonyms. Anticyclones are Highs. In the northern hemisphere, winds spiral counterclockwise into the low and clockwise away from the high.

Match each description with the term that correctly describes it. Nighttime circulatory system along coasts where winds from a zone of high pressure over land flow to a zone of relatively low pressure over water. Answer 1 Downslope airflow that develops when mountain slopes cool off at night and relatively low pressure exists in valleys. Answer 2 Daytime circulatory system along coasts where winds flow from a zone of high pressure over water to a zone of relatively low pressure over land. Answer 3 Downslope airflow that evolves when pools of cold air develop over ice caps and subsequently descend into valleys. Answer 4 Upslope airflow that develops when mountain slopes heat up due to radiation and conduction over the course of the day.

land breeze mountain wind sea breeze katabatic wind valley breeze