Physical Science 1112 Test
proton
H+
sulfuric acid
H2SO4
hydronium
H3O+
hydrochloric acid
HCl
hydroxide
OH-
_________ are ionically bonded atoms that remain bonded throughout chemical reactions.
Radicals
________ are the different patterns of the orbits within each energy level.
Sublevels
indicates a gas given off
^
An atom with valences of +5 and -3 will _____ three electrons or _____ five electrons during chemical reactions.
accept....donate
Turns blue litmus paper red
acid
corrosive
acid
donates protons during reactions
acid
Know the answers for the incomplete periodic table on the last page of the Self Test
#'s 69-79
A/An _________ bond is one formed by two neutrally charged atoms that share electrons.
covalent
NH4OH -> NH3 + H2O
decomposition reaction
K2SO4 + 2NaCl --> 2KCl + Na2SO4
double substitution reaction
HNO3 + CsOH --> KCl
double substitution reaction, neutralization reaction
In the electron configuration 3s2, the number 3 indicates the ______: the letter s the ______; and the superscript 2 the number of _______ in that sublevel.
energy level..sublevel....electrons
Electrons orbit the nucleus of an atom in orbits called ________
energy levels
A/An ________ is any atom that has gained or lost one or more electrons.
ion
A/An _______ bond is one formed between a cation and an anion.
ionic
The energy levels farthest from the atom's nucleus contain _____ energy than those nearest the nucleus.
more
The first four sublevels are ______, _____, ______, and ______.
s...p...d...f
2K + Na2CO3 --> K2CO3 + 2Na
single substitution reaction
A _______ atom is one with a completely filled outer level and one that does not easily bond with other elements.
stable
H2 + Cl2 --> 2HCl
synthesis reaction
direction of reaction
→
Each orbital may contain no more than ________ electrons.
2
_______ are substances that cause or increase the rate of a chemical reaction but are not changed by the reaction.
Catalysts
accepts protons during reactions
base
turns red litmus paper blue
base
A/An ______ has a positive charge.
cation
sodium hydroxide
NaOH
_______ are determined by the position and direction of the electron's movement within its sublevel.
Orbitals
sulfate
SO4
A/An _______ has a negative charge.
anion
