Physics Final Exam

A soccer ball is placed at the edge of a 10 m tall cliff. At t = 0 s, George kicks the ball horizontally off the cliff with a velocity of +5 m/s. What is the horizontal velocity (Vx) of the ball at t = 0 s?

+5 m/s

What is the horizontal position (x) of the ball at t = 1 s?

5 m

What is the total distance traveled by the object in Graph A?

8 m

A runner makes one complete lap around the track at a constant speed.

False

Which one of the following regions of the electromagnetic spectrum consists of waves with the lowest frequency?

Radio waves

Which one of the following regions of the electromagnetic spectrum consists of waves with the shortest wavelength?

Ultraviolet

Which process will double the power given off by a resistor?

doubling the current by making a resistance half as big

In terms of the motion of the particles of the medium, a sound wave can be best described as a ______ wave.

longitudinal

A roller coaster car passes through a loop. Consider the car at the bottom of the loop.

normal

A source of sound produces sound waves with a frequency of f. As the source of sound moves away from an observer, the ___________ .

observer perceives the sound to have a frequency less than f

A harmonic is _________ .

one of the frequencies at which an instrument naturally vibrates

The diagram shows two transverse pulses moving along a string. One pulse is moving to the right and the second is moving to the left. Both pulses reach point x at the same instant. What would be the resulting motion of point x as the two pulses pass each other?

up, down, up

A wave has a frequency of 58 Hz and a speed of 17 m/s. What is the wavelength of this wave?

0.29 m

What is the frequency of the wave that the swimmer is observing? Answer: _______ Hz

0.3

A 7.02-N force is applied (Fapp) to a 1.57-kg object to accelerate it rightwards. The object encounters 2.98-N of friction (Ff). Determine the acceleration (a) of the object.

2.57 m/s^2

A 70.9-kg boy and a 43.2-kg girl, both wearing skates face each other at rest on a skating rink. The boy pushes the girl, sending her eastward with a speed of 4.64 m/s. Neglecting friction, determine the subsequent velocity of the boy. Answer: _________ m/s

2.82

The Splash Mountain flume ride at Walt Disney World's Magic Kingdom in Orlando, Florida boasts one of the steepest flume rides in the world. The boats plunge 52 feet down a 43-degree incline near the final stage of the ride. Assuming a coefficient of friction of 0.12, determine the acceleration of the boat and riders. Answer: ___________ m/s2

5.8

What is the final horizontal velocity (in m/s) of the arrow just before it hits the ground?

50 m/s

A periodic wave is produced on a stretched string. Which one of the following properties is not related to the speed of the wave?

amplitude

A physics student sits in a chair. The chair pushes up on the student's body. Identify the other force of the interaction force pair.

The student's body pushing down on the chair.

Waves are often categorized as being electromagnetic waves or mechanical waves. A sound wave is best categorized as a _____ wave.

mechanical

Two wave pulses, each of wavelength λ, are traveling toward each other along a rope as shown. When both pulses are in the region between points X and Y, which are a distance λ apart, the shape of the rope is

x-------y

Field forces are distinctly different than contact forces in that ____. Select all that apply.

they are capable of acting over spatial separations they produce an effect even when the objects experiencing them do not touch the value is inversely proportional to the square of the separation distance

If a third round bulb C is added in parallel with Bulb B, the brightness of bulb A will increase.

true

A free-falling object is an object ____. Select the most complete answer.

upon which gravity is the only force

A curling rock is traveling to the right across the ice as shown in the diagram. Which of the following best represents the forces acting on the curling rock?

vertical line segment with small left horizontal branch

The distance from the Earth to the sun is 1.496x1011 m. A solar flare occurs on the sun's surface on Wednesday morning at 10:24 AM. At what time and on what day will electromagnetic radiation from the flare reach the Earth?

Time 10:32 AM Day wednesday

A newly discovered planet moves in a circular orbit around the star at a constant speed. The direction of the planet's acceleration is:

Toward the center of the circular orbit

If Bulb A is removed from its socket, Bulb B will not light up. series

True

A hiker travels 12 km in a direction of 50 degrees west of north. What are the north and west components of this displacement?

W: 7.7 km N: 9.2 km

When does refraction of light occur?

When light passes from one material to another material of a different density.

A diver climbs a ladder to the top of a diving board. Once he reaches the top, he stands on top of the diving board. Then, he jumps off the diving board into a pool. Which of the following points describes when the diver does work?

When the diver climbs the ladder

A computer monitor uses 1.5 A of current when it is plugged into a 120 V outlet. The monitor is never turned off. What is the yearly cost of operating the monitor if the cost of electricity is $0.14/kWh?

$220

A billiard ball moving at 5.00 m/s strikes a stationary ball of the same mass. After the collision, the first ball moves at 4.33 m/s, at an angle of 30.0° with respect to the original line of motion. Assuming an elastic collision (and ignoring friction and rotational motion), find the struck ball's velocity (speed and direction) after the collision.

Speed after collision 2.5 m/s Direction after collision 60 degrees below origin

A vehicle with a mass of 2.3x103 kg is driving at a speed of 57 km/h around a level roadway with a curvature radius of 56 meters, just staying on the roadway (i.e., driving at the maximum safe speed for this turn and the tire treads). What is the coefficient of friction between the tires and the road? (Hint: Watch your units above.) Answer: μ = __________ (no units)

0.457

A 30-N force is applied to a 5-kg object to move it with a constant velocity of 4 m/s across a level surface. The coefficient of friction between the object and the surface is approximately ____. Round your answer to the hundredths place. (Use the approximation g ≈ 10 m/s2.)

0.6

Diane is training for a marathon and goes to the track (400 m) to run every morning. If Diane runs around the track 4 complete times, what is her final displacement, in meters?

0m

A 5.1-kg toboggan is kicked on a frozen pond, such that it acquires a speed of 1.6 m/s to the right. The coefficient of friction between the pond and the toboggan is 0.12. Determine the distance that the toboggan slides before coming to rest. Answer: __________ m (round to the nearest hundredth)

1.07

A 4.44-kg bucket suspended by a rope is accelerated upwards from an initial rest position. If the tension in the rope is a constant value of 83.1 Newton, then determine the speed of the bucket after 1.59 seconds. Select the correct value and the correct units.

14.2 m/s

Calculate the speed (in m/s) of the following objects moving in a circle: A 3,814 kg truck drives along a circular path with a radius of 47.9 m with an acceleration of 5.46 m/s2. a=v^2/r Answer: _________ m/s

16.172

A projectile is launched at an angle of 35° above the horizontal with an initial velocity (vo) of 34.2 m/s at an unknown height. The magnitude of the vertical velocity (vy) upon returning to its original, unknown height is ________ m/s.

19.616

A springboard diver jumps with a velocity of 12 m/s at an angle of 80° to the horizontal. The vx and vy components are ____ m/s and ____ m/s respectively.

2.1, 11.8

A golf ball is hit horizontally off the edge of a 32 m high cliff and lands a distance of 29 m from the edge of the cliff. In seconds, at what time did the golf ball hit the ground? Answer: _________ s (rounded to hundredths place)

2.56

The time required for the boat to cross the 86.4 m wide river is ___ seconds.

23

How much work must be done to stop a 1000-kg car traveling at 106 km/h? (Hint: You will need to convert the speed first.) Answer: ___________ J (round to the nearest whole number)

433,475

While following directions on a treasure map, a person walks 45.0 m south, then turns and walks 7.50 m east. Which single straight-line displacement could the treasure hunter have walked to reach the same spot?

45.6 m at 9.5° east of south

The moon is 238,900 miles from the Earth. If you travel from the Earth to the moon and back, which of the following correctly describes the distance you have traveled?

477,800 miles

The Johnsons just received a heavy package (perhaps a treadmill) in the mail that they ordered from a popular online shopping website. It's so heavy that they had to push it across their carpeted floor since it was too heavy to lift. The item weighs 92.3 kg and it's packaged in cardboard. The coefficient of friction between the cardboard and their carpet is 0.71. They're a team, and they all push the huge package across their living room at a constant speed. How much collective force do they have to use to push the package across the living room at a constant speed of 0.07 m/s? Use the approximation g ≈ 10 m/s2 Answer: _____________ N (round to nearest whole number)

655.33

A 2,057kg truck drives along a circular round-a-bout with a radius of 36 m at a constant speed of 16 m/s. The centripetal acceleration is _______ m/s2. a=v^2/r

7.11

I drove 15 miles to the local farmer's market. Halfway back to my house I ran out of gas. What is my displacement?

7.5 miles

In the 2016 Olympics, a sprinter ran the 100. meter dash in 10.78 seconds. Determine sprinter's average speed for the race, in m/s.

9.28

A tennis ball is kicked horizontally off the edge of a 24 m high building and lands a distance of 21 m from the edge of the building. What was the final horizontal velocity of the tennis ball, in m/s? Ignore air resistance. Answer: ________ m/s (rounded to the hundredths place)

9.5

A high jumper leaves the ground with an initial velocity of 10.2 m/s rightward at an angle of 18°. What is the high jumper's initial horizontal velocity, in m/s? Answer: _________ m/s

9.7

An airplane flying horizontally at a velocity of 138 m/s and at an altitude of 1500 meters when one of its wheels falls off. a) How long (in seconds) does it take the wheel to reach the ground?: [ Select ] ["12.1", "8.8", "17.5", "19.3", "10.9"] s b) What horizontal distance (in meters) will the wheel travel before it strikes the ground?

Answer 1: 17.5 s Answer 2: 2414.5 m

A golf ball is hit off the ground with a speed of 34.0 m/s at a 56.0° angle with the horizontal. If the a. How high (in meters) does the ball rise?Answer: [ Select ] ["109.0", "34.0", "40.5", "75.4"] m b. If the ball lands on the ground at the same height that it was hit, how much time does the ball spend in the air?Answer: [ Select ] ["4.98", "3.88", "5.75", "7.26"] s c. How many meters away does the ball land? Answer: [ Select ] ["109", "91", "87", "73"] m

Answer 1:40.5 Answer 2:5.75 Answer 3:109

During the spin cycle of a washing machine, the clothes stick to the outer wall of the barrel as it spins at a rate as high as 1800 revolutions per minute. The radius of the barrel is 26 cm (0.26 m). The equation for the circumference of a circle is C=2πr. a. Determine the speed of the clothes (in m/s) that are located on the wall of the spin barrel.Answer: [ Select ] ["69", "468", "49", "2940", "0.28"] m/s b. Determine the acceleration of the clothes, and select the appropriate units for acceleration.Answer: [ Select ] ["9238", "7500", "4992", "46,800"] m/s/s

Answer 1:49 Answer 2:9238

Two physics students, Will N. Andable and Ben Pumpiniron, are in the weightlifting room. Will lifts the 100-pound barbell over his head 10 times in one minute; Ben lifts the 100-pound barbell over his head 10 times in 10 seconds. Which student delivers the most power?

Ben

An object is projected horizontally from a vertical cliff on a horizontal plane. At the same instant, a second object is dropped from the same height. Assuming air resistance can be ignored, which statement is most nearly correct?

Both objects hit the ground at the same instant.

A baseball is thrown horizontally from a cliff. At the same instant, a bowling ball is dropped from the same height. Assuming air resistance can be ignored, which of the following statements is correct?

Both the bowling ball and the baseball hit the ground at the same time.

A NASA probe moving horizontally above the moon's surface at constant speed, to the right in the diagram, releases an instrument package when it is directly above Point P. As seen from the lunar surface, which path would the package most closely follow after release?

D

A physics student adds two displacement vectors with magnitudes of 8.0 km and 6.0 km. Which one of the following statements is true concerning the magnitude of the resultant displacement?

It could have any value between 2.0 km and 14.0 km depending on how the vectors are oriented.

An acorn falls from a tree. Compare its kinetic energy KE, to its potential energy PE.

KE increases and PE decreases.

What is the horizontal position (x) of the ball at t = 0 s?

0 m

What is the magnitude of the displacement of the object depicted by Graph B?

0 m

A golf ball is hit horizontally off the edge of a 23 m high cliff and lands a distance of 27 m from the edge of the cliff. What was the initial vertical velocity of the golf ball, in m/s?

0 m/s

The human ear is most sensitive to sound that has a frequency of about 4000 Hz. Assume that the speed of sound in air is 340 m/s. What is the wavelength of a sound heard in the air with this frequency?

0.085 m

Determine the wavelength of the microwave radiation emitted by a microwave oven (f = 2.45x109 Hz). Answer: _________ m

0.122

A cannon recoils from launching a cannonball. The speed of the cannon's recoil is small because the

cannon has far more mass than the cannonball.

An object with an acceleration of 10 m/s2 will ____.

change its velocity by 10 m/s in 1 s

The diagram at the right shows two identical resistors - R1 and R2 - placed in a circuit with a 12-Volt battery. If a third resistor (R3), identical to the other two, is added in parallel with the first two, then the overall resistance will ____ and the overall current will ____.

decrease, increase

Town A lies 15 km north of town B. Town C lies 10 km west of town A. A small plane flies directly from town B to town C. What is the displacement of the plane? (Displacement has both distance and direction.)

distance 18 km direction 34 degrees W of N

Insulators are different than conductors in that insulators ____.

do not allow charge to freely move

Which one of the following circuits has the largest resistance?

e) 20 v 5 a

When rubbed with a plastic bag, a sample of glass becomes charged positively. This occurs because _____.

electrons are transferred from the glass to the bag.

The role or purpose of the battery in a circuit is to ____. Choose three.

establish an electric potential difference between the + and - terminals supply energy to the charge move the charge from the - to the + terminal of the battery

The order in which vectors is added will effect the end result.

false

A rope is vibrating so as to form the standing wave pattern shown. What harmonic is shown in the pattern?

fourth

High intensity sounds are perceived as relatively loud sounds. The sound waves which are most intense and perceived as loud sounds are those which have a ______ . Identify the one characteristic which is unique of such sound waves.

high amplitude

Which of the following would cause the electrical force between two objects to increase? Select all that apply.

increase the charge on one object increase the charge on both objects decrease the distance between the objects' centers

Two uncharged conducting spheres, A and B, are suspended from insulating threads so that they touch each other. While a negatively charged rod is held near, but not touching sphere A, someone moves ball B away from A. How will the spheres be charged, if at all?

+ -

How much work (in J) was done by friction on the box? Answer: ________ J

-6 J

Suzie Lavtaski has reached the end of the ski slope and abruptly decelerates from 33.3 m/s to 10.8 m/s in 3.15 seconds. Suzie's acceleration rate during this braking period is ______ m/s2. (Use a - sign if necessary to indicate direction).

-7.14

An olympic gold medalist from Australia runs one time around the 400-meter track in 38 seconds. What is his average velocity? Remember that he goes around once, and returns to his original place. Answer: ________ m/s

0

How much force is required to keep a 10-kg object moving to the right with a constant speed of 3 m/s?

0

What is the kinetic energy at Point A? Answer: _________ J

0

How many seconds does it take the arrow to hit the ground?

0.55

What is the speed of the waves that the swimmer is observing? Answer: ________ m/s

0.6

If a lamp has a resistance of 120ohms when it operates at 100 W, what current does it carry?

0.91 A

Consider the figures depicting rectangular pulses on a string. Which pulses must be superimposed to give the situation shown in 5. (straight horizontal line)

1 and 3 (opposites of each other)

Rickey Henderson, baseball's record holder for stolen bases, approaches third base. He dives head first, hitting the ground at 6.73 m/s and reaching the base at 5.89 m/s, accelerating at -5.16 m/s/s. Determine the distance Rickey slides across the ground before touching the base. Answer: _________ m

1.03

A rope is held tightly and shook until the standing wave pattern shown in the diagram at the right is established within the rope. The distance A in the diagram is 3.27 meters. The speed at which waves move along the rope is 2.62 m/s. Determine the frequency of the waves creating the standing wave pattern. Answer: ______ Hz

1.2

At what time does the soccer ball hit the ground?

1.4 s

The displacement of a vibrating string versus position along the string is shown in the figure. The periodic waves have a speed of 10.0 cm/s. A and B are two points on the string. What is the frequency of the wave?

1.7 Hz

An 5000 kg elevator is decreasing speed on the way up. The tension in the cable supporting the elevator is 40,000 N. What is the magnitude and direction of the acceleration of the elevator?

1.8 m/s2 Down.

An olympic gold medalist from Moscow runs one time around the 400-meter track in 40 seconds. What is her average speed? Answer: ________ m/s

10

A car of mass 1,248 kg makes a circular turn of radius 14.85 m along a level roadway. The coefficient of friction is 0.703 between the tires and the road. How fast (in m/s) can the car go without skidding off the turn? (Use the approximation that g ≈ 10 m/s2) Answer: ________ m/s (round to the nearest hundredth)

10.22 Fg=mg FN = Fg on a level surface. Ff=μFN=mv2r After solving for Ff using the coefficient of friction and the normal force, rearrange the equation to solve for the velocity. The force of friction determines the maximum safe speed, given r and m.

Resistors of values 6.0Ω, 4.0Ω, 10.0Ω and 7.0Ω are combined as shown. What is the equivalent resistance for this combination?

10.7 ohms

A ball is moving at 4 m/s and has momentum 48 kg.m/s. What is the ball's mass (in kilograms)? Answer: ________ kg

12

A certain string, clamped at both ends, vibrates in seven segments at a frequency of 2.40 × 102 Hz. What frequency will cause it to vibrate in four segments?

137 Hz

A 6.00-m long string sustains a three-loop standing wave pattern as shown. The wave speed is 2.00 × 10^2 m/s. What is the lowest possible frequency for standing waves on this string?

16.7 Hz

Mr. H ignites the enthusiasm of the class with a homemade cannon demonstration. The 1.27-kg cannon is loaded with a 54-gram (0.054 kg) tennis ball and placed on the floor. Mr. H adds the fuel, waits for its vapors to fill the reaction chamber and then brings a match nearby. The explosion stuns the crowd and propels the ball forward. A photogate measurement determines that the cannon recoiled backwards with a speed of 7.8 m/s. Determine the speed of the ball. Answer: _________ m/s

180

What is the potential energy at Point A? Answer: __________ J

180,000

A 5.00-kg object is moved from a height of 3.00 m above a floor to a height of 7.00 m above the floor. What is the change in gravitational potential energy? Answer: ____________ J

196

Three resistors, 4.0-Ω, 8.0-Ω, 16-Ω, are connected in parallel in a circuit. What is the equivalent resistance of this combination of resistors?

2.3 Ω

Two point charges with 6.98x10-9 C and 6.44x10-9 C of charge are separated by a distance of 0.404 m. Find the electric force with which the two objects interact.

2.5 x 10^-6 N

A child and sled with a combined mass of 33.7 kg slide down a frictionless hill, starting at the top. The sled starts from rest and acquires a speed of 7.44 m/s by the time it reaches the bottom of the hill. What is the height (in m) of the hill? Answer: _________ m (round to the nearest hundredth)

2.77

A conducting sphere has a net charge of -3.2 × 10^-17 C. What is the approximate number of excess electrons on the sphere?

200

Alejandra is attempting to drag her 33.5-kg Golden Retriever across the wooden floor by applying a horizontal force. What force (in newtons, N) must she apply to move the dog with a constant speed of 0.8 m/s? The coefficient of friction between the dog and the floor is 0.74. (Use the approximation that g ≈ 10 m/s2) Answer: _________ N

247.9 At a constant speed, acceleration is 0 m/s2. Fg=mg The normal force (FN) is equal to Fg on a level/horizontal surface. She must apply a force equal to the force of friction (Ff) to keep the dog moving at the constant speed (which is not used mathematically in this problem). Ff=μFN

A guitar string produces 4 beats/s when sounded with a 250 Hz tuning fork and 1 beat per second when sounded with a 255 Hz tuning fork. What is the vibrational frequency of the string?

254 Hz

A baseball pitcher delivers a fast ball. During the throw, the speed of the ball increases from 0 to 34.3 m/s over a time of 0.121 seconds. The average acceleration of the baseball is ____ m/s2.

283.47

Other than their charges, two conducting spheres are identical. Sphere A has a charge of —2 μC and Sphere B has a charge of 8 μC. The spheres are brought into contact with each other. What is the charge on Sphere B after they are separated?

3 μC

A piano with a mass of 130 kg is lifted 10 m above the ground in 4 s by a crane. What is the power used by the crane, measured in watts (W)? Answer: __________ W (round to the nearest whole number)

3,185

A girl sitting on a beach counts six waves passing a buoy in 3 s. She measured the distance between the waves to be 1.5 m. What is the speed of the waves the girl observed?

3.0 m/s

A driver traveling north slows down from 24.6 m/s to 0 m/s in 6.6 seconds. What is the magnitude of the driver's acceleration? The standard units for acceleration are "meters per second-squared" or "meters per second per second" and it's written as m/s2 or m/s/s. Answer: __________ m/s2 Whenever you are asked for the magnitude of a value, it's always the absolute value (positive), and thus is has no direction.

3.73

A target lies flat on the ground 3 m from the side of a building that is 10 m tall, as shown above. A student rolls a ball off the horizontal roof of the building in the direction of the target. Air resistance is negligible. The horizontal speed with which the ball must leave the roof if it is to strike the target is most nearly.

3/sqrt2

A 52.0-kg skier starts from rest from the top of a 46-m high slope. What is the speed of the skier on reaching the bottom of the slope? (Neglect friction.) Answer: _________ m/s (round to the nearest tenth)

30.3

A person goes up a flight of stairs in 20 s. If the person weighs 600 N, and the vertical height of the stairs is 10 m, what is the person's power output? Answer: _________ W

300 W

At an accident scene on a level road, investigators measure a car's skid mark to be 105 m long. It was a rainy day and the coefficient of friction was estimated to be 0.47. Use these data to determine the speed of the car when the driver slammed on (and locked) the brakes. Answer: _________ m/s (round to the nearest tenth)

31.4

Polly Ester and Ray Ahn are doing the Elastic Collision lab on a low-friction track. Cart A has a mass of 1.00 kg and is moving rightward at 27.6 cm/s prior to the collision with Cart B. Cart B has a mass of 0.50 kg and is moving leftward with a speed of 42.9 cm/s. After the magnetic repulsion of the two carts, Cart A is moving leftward at 10.1 cm/s. Determine the post-collision speed and direction of cart B in cm/s. Answer: ________ cm/s

32.5

A stone is thrown straight upward and reaches a maximum height of 58.2 m above its launch point. What was the initial speed with which the stone was thrown upwards? Answer: _________ m/s

34.12

A rope is vibrating so as to form the standing wave pattern shown. How many antinodes are present in the rope?

4 whole bubbles = 4

Three resistors are connected as shown in the figure. The potential difference between points A and B is 26 V. How much current flows through the 2-Ω resistor?

4.0 A

In the diagram, a riverboat is shown starting at position A on the east bank of a river. The boat heads towards position B (a point directly across the river from A) with a speed of 3.8 m/s. But because of a current with a speed of 1.8 m/s, the boat lands on the west bank of the river at position C, a location downstream from B. The width of the river (dacross) is 86.4 meters. The magnitude of the resultant velocity of the boat is _________ m/s.

4.2

Location C is the location where the boat ultimately lands on the opposite shore. What is the distance from location B to location C?

41

A biker is traveling on level ground at 47.0 m/s with a combined mass of 309.0 kg. She spots a police officer 500 meters up ahead, so she applies the brakes, reducing her speed by half over a period of 12.0 seconds. In meters, how far does she travel during this time period? Answer: ___________ m Think to yourself; do not enter an answer to this question: If she doesn't reach the new, lower speed in time, she will pass the officer with a speed that's too high (certainly getting a ticket). In other words, if the distance you calculate is above 500 m, she doesn't slow down in enough time. If the distance you calculate is less than 500 m, she reaches the safe speed before she reaches the officer. So, does she get a ticket?

423

The kinetic friction force between a 56.0-kg object and a horizontal surface is 41.0 N. If the initial speed of the object is 25.0 m/s, and friction is the only force acting on the object, what distance will it slide before coming to a stop? Answer: __________ m (round to the nearest whole number)

426

Joe takes his dog to the local dog park every morning, too. He walks with his dog 5 blocks south, 5 blocks west, and 5 blocks north in order to get to the park. What is his total displacement?

5 blocks west

Calculate the centripetal acceleration of the following objects moving in a circle: A 0.05 kg golf ball moves in a circle with a radius of 1.6 m at a constant speed of 3 m/s. The centripetal acceleration is ______ m/s2. a=v^2/r

5.625

Consider the diagram showing a light ray reflecting off a plane mirror. If angle B were 50°, then the angle of reflection would be _____°.

50

A 6.00-m long string sustains a three-loop standing wave pattern as shown. The wave speed is 2.00 × 10^2 m/s. What is the frequency of vibration?

50.0 Hz

How much current flows through the 3-Ω resistor?

6.0 A

What is the wavelength of the wave?

6.0 cm

According to the Guinness Book of World Records, the fastest recorded baseball pitch was delivered by Nolan Ryan in 1974. The pitch was clocked at 100.9 mi/hr (45.0 m/s). Determine the impulse required to give a 0.145-kg baseball such a momentum. Answer: _________ N∙s

6.52

Four standing wave segments, or loops, are observed on a string fixed at both ends as it vibrates at a frequency of 240 Hz. What is the fundamental frequency of the string?

60 Hz

Danny takes his dog to the local dog park every morning, as well (dog-walking is very popular in this area). He walks with his dog 4 blocks east, 4 blocks north, and 4 west in order to get to the park. If each block is 52 meters, what distance did Danny travel in meters? Answer: __________ m

624

The velocity of the roller coaster cart is +16 m/s at Point C. What is the height (in meters) of the roller coaster at Point C? Answer: _________ m

7.2

Dylan and Sophia are walking along Bluebird Lake on a perfectly calm day. Dylan, determined to impress Sophia by his ability to skip rocks, picks up the flattest rock he can find and gives it a sidearm launch from the edge of the water. The rock acquires a completely horizontal velocity of 26 m/s from a height of 0.45 m above the water surface. How many meters from the edge of the water does the rock travel before it makes its first skip?

7.88 m

A 4.00-kg model rocket is launched, shooting 50.0 g of burned fuel from its exhaust at an average velocity of 625 m/s. What is the velocity of the rocket after the fuel has burned (ignore gravity and air resistance). Answer: _________ m/s

7.91

While dusting a bookshelf at the local college's huge library, Jean accidentally knocks a book off of the shelf that is 3.83 meters high. Neglecting air resistance and assuming the book has an initial velocity of 0 m/s, what speed will the book have right before it hits the ground? Answer: ________ m/s Speed is always positive. It's the magnitude of velocity. While it's true that the book is falling down and will have a negative velocity, the speed is simply the absolute value of the velocity.

8.63

A 9.0-V battery is connected to a bulb whose resistance is 3.6 Ω. How many electrons leave the battery per minute? Answer: __________ electrons

9.3e+20 (with margin: 1e+19)

The diagram shows the various positions of a child in motion on a swing. Somewhere in front of the child a stationary whistle is blowing.At which position(s) will the child hear the same frequency as that heard by a stationary observer standing next to the whistle?

A and D (farthest and closest)

Which of the following objects is accelerating? Select all that apply.

A ball speeds up while rolling down a hill. A base runner slows to a stop while diving into third base.

Which of the following objects most likely has a constant speed?

A car traveling at 65 mph on the freeway

Which of the following objects has an average velocity of 0 m/s?

A runner makes one complete lap around the track at a constant speed.

Which statement below describes the behavior of resonance?

A vibrating object forces another object to vibrate together at the same frequency.

A 150 lb (667 N) diver needs to get to the top of a 10 m high diving board. Which method of getting to the top would require the most amount of work?

All of the choices require the same amount of work

A sledder has 500 J of potential energy and 230 J of kinetic energy at one point on a steep hill. a. How much kinetic energy will the sledder have at the bottom of the hill? 730 J(Assume negligible air resistance and friction.) b. As the sledder goes down the hill and picks up speed, their potential energy will [ Select ] ["decrease", "stay the same", "increase"] and their kinetic energy will [ Select ] ["decrease", "stay the same", "increase"] .

Answer 1:730 J Answer 2:decrease Answer 3:increase

The series circuit at the right depicts two resistors connected to a voltage source. The voltage source (ΔVtot) is a 24-V source and the resistor values are 5.4 Ω (R1) and 2.9 Ω (R2). a. Determine the equivalent resistance of the circuit. [ Select ] ["1.2 ohms", "2.5 ohms", "4.2 ohms", "8.3 ohms"] b. Determine the current in the circuit. [ Select ] ["3.8 A", "5.8 A", "7.5 A", "2.9 A"] c. Determine the voltage drop across each individual resistor: Voltage drop across R1 = [ Select ] ["8.4 V", "15.6 V", "13.2 V"] Voltage drop across R2 = 8.4 V

Answer 1:8.3 ohms Answer 2:2.9 A Answer 3:15.6 V Answer 4:8.4 V

Which expends the most power, the crane or the forklift? How do you know?

Answer 1:The crane expends the most power Answer 2:The crane does the same amount of work in less time.

In a physics demonstration, two teams of equal-mass students are placed on each of two identical carts. A student on Cart A pushes upon Cart B. Which of the following statements describes the resulting motion of the two carts?

Cart A and Cart B will move away from each other with the same speed.

Which of these diagrams depict the proper rules of drawing electric field lines? Select all that apply.

Diagram B Diagram A

Which of the following is a scalar?

Distance

A negatively charged balloon is brought near to a metal pop can as shown in the diagram at the right. Which statement describes what happens as the balloon approaches the can?

Electrons within the can move away from the balloon's side.

Bulb A lights before Bulb B.

False

A 1000-kg car moving north at 30 mph (13.4 m/s) collides with a 2000-kg SUV moving east at 50 mph (22.4 m/s). The cars get entangled and move off together. What is their final velocity (speed and direction)?

Final speed after collision 15.6 m/s Direction after collision 16.7 degrees N of E

Which of the following statements are true about kinetic energy? Include all that apply.

If an object is at rest, then it does not have any kinetic energy. An object can never have a negative kinetic energy. Kinetic energy is a scalar quantity. An object has a kinetic energy of 40 J. If its mass were twice as much, then its kinetic energy would be 80 J.

Red laser light is directed towards two small slits in a slide. The light passes through the slits and forms a pattern of bright red dots separated by dark areas. What wave behavior causes this pattern?

Interference

Which one of the following statements concerning resistors in series is true?

The current through each resistor is the same.

The potential difference across the ends of a wire is doubled in magnitude. If Ohm's law is obeyed, which one of the following statements concerning the resistance of the wire is true?

The resistance is not changed.

Which one of the statements is ALWAYS true of an object that conserves its mechanical energy?

The sum of its kinetic and potential energy remains constant.

A truck weighs twice as much as a car, and is moving at twice the speed of the car. Which statement is true about the truck's kinetic energy (KE) compared to that of the car?

The truck has 8 times the KE of the car.

Sunlight shines on a sheet of paper. The red light bounces off the paper and travels to our eye. This light is said to have been _____ by the paper.

reflected

Diffraction is _____.

the bending of the path of a light wave around a barrier or obstacle

You set up a circuit with one battery and one resistor. If you replace the first resistor with one with a larger resistance,

the current through the resistor will decrease.

The fundamental frequency of a guitar string is ________ .

the lowest possible frequency at which the guitar string would resonate

Which one of the following will result in standing waves?

the superposition of identical waves that travel in opposite directions

For which one of the following motions is the object's displacement the same as the distance that it travels?

Mr. R's lawn mower made a straight path (perfectly) across the edge of the lawn.

An elevator is supported by a cable and moving downward through the elevator shaft and speeding up. How does the upward tension force compare to the downward force of gravity?

The downward force of gravity is stronger than the upward tension force.

In Diagram A, the normal force exerted by the table upon the box is _____. (box sitting at rest on table)

equal to the weight of the box

Identify the type of force that causes the following bold-faced objects to travel along a circular path. A car makes a sharp right-hand turn along a level roadway.

friction

A car moving leftward and slowing down

right

A car moving rightward and speeding up

right direction

A stone, of mass m, is attached to a strong string and whirled in a vertical circle of radius r. At the exact bottom of the path the tension in the string is 2 times the stone's weight. The stone's speed at this point is given by

square rt (2gr)

An archer shoots an arrow horizontally at +50 m/s from a height of 1.5 m. Which of the following graphs correctly depicts the arrow's horizontal velocity over time?

straight horizontal line at one y number

An eraser is tied to a string swung in a horizontal circle.

tension

Which of the position-time graphs describes an object that is at rest?

the graph with a straight horizontal line

It was a snow day, so Eric and some friends went sledding. He boarded his 60-inch sled and descended the steepest section near the tall trees. Before his ride ended at the location of a tree stump buried a few inches below the snow, he was accelerating at 2.32 m/s/s down the 21.7° incline. Determine the coefficient of friction between the sled and the snow. (Coefficients of friction are positive, so use the absolute value of your answer.) Use the approximation g ≈ 10 m/s2.

0.138

What is the vertical position (y) of the ball at t = 0 s?

10 m

Matthew pulls a wagon across the floor (assume no friction), with a force of 20.0 N at an angle of 25° above the horizontal. If he pulls the wagon a distance of 12.0 m, what is the work done by Matthew?

218 J

When a light bulb is connected to a 4.5 V battery, a current of 0.12 A passes through the bulb filament. What is the resistance of the filament?

38 ohms

A brand new Tesla sportscar can go from 0 to 60 mph in 4.3 seconds. What is the magnitude of the car's acceleration in m/s2 during the 4.3 seconds? Useful information:60 mph (miles per hour) = 26.8 m/s (meter per second).

6.23

A duck waddles 2.5 m east and 6.0 m north. What are the magnitude and direction of the duck's displacement with respect to its original position?

6.5 m at 67° north of east

What is the mass (in kg) of the roller coaster cart? Answer: ________ kg

900

Two pulses of identical shape travel toward each other in opposite directions on a string, as shown in the drawing. Which one of the following statements concerning this situation is true?

As the pulses pass through each other, they will interfere destructively.

Three pictures of equal weight (20 N) are hung on the wall by wires with three different orientations. In which orientation (angle measure) are the wires least likely to break? _______ Explain why.

I believe that the wires with the 60 degree angle with horizontal are the least likely to break because there is the least amount of tension. As angle measure increases, tension decreases which makes it more likely that the 60 degree angle wouldn't break compared the the 15 and 45 degree angles.

Which one of the following traits or behaviors is an indicator that light is a wave?

Light is observed to undergo interference.

Which of the following statements are true of an object moving in a circle at a constant speed? Select all that apply.

The direction of the object is changing. The velocity of the object is changing. The object is accelerating.

A ball is thrown and follows the parabolic path shown above. Air friction is negligible. Point Q is the highest point on the path. Points P and R are the same height above the ground. How do the speeds of the ball at the three points compare?

VQ<VP=VR

At which of the following points does the diver have the most kinetic energy?

When the diver is falling into the pool

At which of the following points does the diver have the most potential energy?

When the diver stands on the diving board.

An elastic rope is tied securely to a wall. An upward-displaced pulse is introduced into the rope. The pulse travels through the rope, reaches the boundary with the wall and reflects. The reflected pulse will be ____.

inverted (displaced downwards)

Altering __________ will be sure to result in an alteration of the speed of the sound wave. Select all that apply.

the properties of the medium

Two bodies of equal mass are separated by a distance R. If you double each mass and double the distance between them, the new force will be

the same as the old force.

Three 15-Ω and two 25-Ω light bulbs and a 24 V battery are connected in a series circuit. What is the current that passes through each bulb?

0.25 A

An FM radio station generates radio waves that have a frequency of 101.3 MHz. The frequency of the waves from a competing station have a frequency of 107.1 MHz. What is the difference in wavelength between the waves emitted from the two stations?

0.16 m

Cheryl (mass = 50 kg) and Jared (mass = 62 kg) occupy separate 36-kg bumper cars. Cheryl gets her car cruising at 3.6 m/s and collides head-on with Jared who is moving the opposite direction at 1.6 m/s. After the collision, Cheryl bounces backwards at 0.5 m/s. Assuming an isolated system, determine Jared's post-collision speed. Answer: _________ m/s

1.998

Lisa takes her dog to the local dog park every morning. She walks with her dog 4 blocks north, 4 blocks west, and 4 blocks south in order to get to the park. What is her total distance traveled? Answer: _______ blocks

12

The diagram at the right shows two identical resistors - R1 and R2 - placed in a circuit with a 12-Volt battery. The electric potential difference (voltage drop) across each resistor is ___ Volts.

12

Your shopping cart has a mass of 58.1.0 kilograms. In order to accelerate the shopping cart down an aisle at 0.21 m/s2, what force (in newtons, N) would you need to apply to the cart? Answer: ________ N

12.201 F=ma, where m is in kilograms and a is in m/s2.

A tsunami wave travels at 720 km/h and has a period of 10 min. What is the wavelength of the wave?

120 km

During a recent winter storm, bales of hay had to be dropped from an airplane to a herd of cattle below. Assume the airplane flew horizontally at an altitude of 211 m with a constant velocity of 41.0 m/s and dropped one bale of hay every 3.0 seconds. It is reasonable to assume that air resistance will be negligible for this situation. About how far apart from each other will the bales land on the ground? Answer: ___________ m (rounded to the nearest whole number)

123

A water balloon is launched with a speed of 40 m/s at an angle of 60° to the horizontal. The vx and vy components are ____ m/s and ____ m/s respectively. Reminders: Use sine for the y-component, and cosine for the x-component. Ensure that your calculator is in degree mode, not radian mode. Sketch out the problem as often as you can.

20.0, 34.6

Determine the applied force (in newtons, N) required to accelerate a 5.52-kg object rightward with a constant acceleration of 1.34 m/s2 if the force of friction opposing the motion is 15.6 N. Answer: _______ N

23 N

The direction of the resultant velocity of the boat is ____ degrees.

25

A diver initially moving horizontally with speed v dives off the edge of a vertical cliff and lands in the water a distance d from the base of the cliff. How far from the base of the cliff would the diver have landed if the diver initially had been moving horizontally with speed 2v?

2d

A 3000-kg satellite orbits the Earth in a circular orbit 11797 km above the Earth's surface (Earth radius = 6380 km, Earth Mass = 5.97x10^24 kg). What is the gravitational force (in newtons, N) between the satellite and the Earth? Hint: The radius of the Earth + the height of the orbit = the center-to-center distance needed for the equation. You also need the universal gravitational constant (G), which is not 9.81 m/s2. Be careful. Fg=(Gm1m2)/r^2 Answer: __________ N

3,615.572

A car starts from rest and accelerates uniformly for a distance of 140 m over an 9.3-second time interval. The car's acceleration is ______ m/s2.

3.24

A swimmer at the beach notices that three wave crests pass a certain point every 10.0 seconds. She also notes that each wave crest is about 2.0 meters apart. What is the period of the wave that the swimmer is observing? Answer: _______ s

3.3

Two objects charged with an equal amount of charge interact with each other with a force of 3.62 Newton when separated by a distance of 16.9 cm. Determine the magnitude of the charge on each object.

3.4 x 10^-6 C

On the set of a new Hollywood movie, a 79.8-kg stunt actor (Max Payne) is tossed straight out of a helicopter hovering (stationary) at a height of 59 meters. The stunt actor is thrown from the helicopter at a speed of 5.14 m/s, eventually landing in the water below. Determine the stunt actor's impact speed and assume negligible air resistance. You can use the approximation that g = 10 m/s2. Answer: _________ m/s (round to the nearest hundredth)

34.35

An investigation of an automobile crash suggests that vehicle A was moving at 52 mph toward the south and vehicle B was moving at an unknown speed toward the north, when the two cars collided, sticking together after the collision. Vehicle A weighs 1350 lbs., and vehicle B weighs 1893 lbs. If the cars did not move significantly after their collision, find the initial speed of vehicle B in mph. Answer: _________ mph (miles per hour)

37.084

At $.110 per kWh, what does it cost to leave a 40-W porch light on day and night for a year? Enter your answer as dollars and cents (example: 1.52) without the dollar sign. Answer: $_________

38.54 (with margin: 0.1)

Three resistors are connected as shown in the figure. The potential difference between points A and B is 26 V. Reference: Ref 20-3 What is the equivalent resistance between the points A and B?

4.3 Ω

The first asteroid to be discovered is Ceres. It is the largest and most massive asteroid in our solar system's asteroid belt, having an estimated mass of 3.0 x 10^21 kg and an orbital speed of 17900 m/s. Determine the amount of kinetic energy possessed by Ceres. Tip: To enter scientific notation, use "e". Examples:21000 is 2.1×10^4. It would be entered as 2.1e40.000093 is 9.3×10^-5. It would be entered as 9.3e-5 Answer: _____________ J

4.80615e+29

Joe pushes a box rightward with a force of 3 N, causing it to slide 2m across the floor at a constant speed. How many joules (J) of work did Joe do on the box? Answer: _______ J

6 J

During their physics field trip to the amusement park, Tyler and Maria took a rider on the Whirligig. The Whirligig ride consists of long swings that spin in a circle at relatively high speeds. As part of their lab, Tyler and Maria estimate that the riders travel through a circle with a radius of 5.5 m and make one turn every 5.2 seconds. The speed of the riders on the Whirligig is ______ m/s. v=2πrT

6.64

A car travelling on a straight road initially at 69 km/h accelerates for 4.9 s at a constant acceleration of 8.5 m/s2. What is the car's final speed, in m/s? (Hint: You must first convert 69 km/h to m/s.)

60.82

A snail travels 15 cm north in 30 minutes. What is the speed of the snail in m/s? Hints: You will need to convert 15 centimeters (cm) to meters (m). Use dimensional analysis to accomplish this. 100 cm = 1 m. You will need to convert 30 minutes into seconds (s). Always ensure that you have the units being asked (m/s, in this case).

8.3 x 10-5 m/s

A second piano with the same mass is lifted 10m above the ground in 15 s by a forklift. Which does the most work, the crane or the forklift? They do the same amount of work And why? ...because they lift the object (mass = m) against gravity (g) the same distance (d)

Answer 1:They do the same amount of work Answer 2:...because they lift the object (mass = m) against gravity (g) the same distance (d)

If a third round bulb (C) is added in series with A and B, the brightness of bulbs A and B will increase.

False

In the homecoming game, the field goal kicker attempts to make a 47 yard (43 m) field goal. He kicks with an initial velocity of 20 m/s at an angle of 60° The field goal posts are 3 m high. Does he make the field goal? Explain your answer.

He misses the goal by 13.125 m (-16.125 m + 3 m). The ball wouldn't make it over the post because it had already begun falling down from its max height. Dy= 1/2 (-9.8) (4.3 s)^2 + (17.32 m/s) (4.3 s) = -16.125 m at 4.3 seconds

Explain how something can be moving at a constant speed yet be accelerating at the same time.

If an object is moving at a constant speed and accelerating, it has to be moving in a curved, circular path. if the speed stays constant, then the velocity is changing its direction using a force

If the Earth had twice the radius but the same mass, then what would happen to the strength of the gravitational force on and object at the Earth's surface?

It would be one-fourth the size.

If R1 < R2 < R3, and if these resistors are connected in parallel in a circuit, which one has the highest current?

R1

A hair dryer draws 9.0 A when plugged into a 120-V line. (a) What is its resistance? (b) How much charge passes through it in 15 min?

Resistance 13.33 ohms Charge 8100 C

A hammer drives a nail into a piece of wood. Identify an action-reaction pair.

The hammer exerts a force on the nail; the nail exerts a force on the hammer.

A karate expert executes a swift blow and splits a cement block with her bare hand.

The impulses on both the block and the expert's hand have the same magnitude. The times of impact on both the block and the expert's hand are the same. The forces on both the block and the expert's hand have the same magnitude.

An elevator is supported by a cable and moving downward through the elevator shaft at a constant speed. How does the upward tension force compare to the downward force of gravity?

The tension force and the force of gravity are of equal strength.

The law of conservation of momentum applies to any collision between two objects that occurs in an isolated system. Assuming that the collision between Object A and Object B occurs in an isolated system, which of the following statements are consistent with this law?

The total momentum of Objects A and B will be the same before and after the collision.

Which one of the following statements concerning the wavelength of an electromagnetic wave in a vacuum is true?

The wavelength is inversely proportional to the frequency of the wave.

Which one of these statements is true of a negatively charged object?

There are more electrons than protons in a negatively charged object.

A lightweight object and a very heavy object are given a push and are sliding with equal speeds along a level frictionless surface. They both slide up the same frictionless hill. Which rises to a greater height?

They both slide to the same height.

Which one of the following regions of the electromagnetic spectrum is capable of causing damage to the human body?

Ultraviolet waves

Is it possible for a system to have negative potential energy?

Yes, since the choice of the zero of potential energy is arbitrary.

The Doppler shift can be observed when _______ . Select all that apply.

an observer moves away from a stationary sound source an observer moves towards a stationary sound source the source of sound moves away from an observer the source of sound moves towards an observer

Your physics teacher has prepared the room for the class's entry by suspending several inflated balloons from the ceiling. Upon entering the physics room, you observe two balloons being drawn towards each other as shown at the right. The attraction of these balloons for one another provides evidence that ______

at least one of the balloons is charged; the other is either charged or neutral

Complete the following sentence: The various colors of visible light differ in

both frequency and wavelength.

The moon orbits the earth.

gravity

Which action would require no work to be done on an object?

holding the object stationary above the ground

The reason padded dashboards are used in cars is that they

increase the time of impact in a collision.

The diagram at the right shows two identical resistors - R1 and R2 - placed in a circuit with a 12-Volt battery. If a third resistor (R3), identical to the other two, is added in series with the first two, then the overall resistance will ____ and the overall current will

increase, decrease

A person vibrates the end of a string sending transverse waves down the string. If the person then doubles the rate at which he vibrates the string while maintaining the same tension, the speed of the waves

is unchanged while the wavelength is halved.

Light that is vibrating in a single direction - for instance, up and down - is said to be _____.

polarized light

The diagram at the right shows two identical resistors - R1 and R2 - placed in a circuit with a 12-Volt battery. These two resistors are connected in ____.

series