Physics Test #2 Chapters 9-18
The Earths gravitational field extends
both inside and outside the Earth and throughout the universe
In a vacuum, an object has no
buoyant force
When weight is applied to the top of a stone arch, all of the stone blocks in the arch undergo
compression
Substances absorb heat energy by the process of
conduction, convection, radiation
The first law of thermodynamics is a restatement of the
conservation of energy
If a volume of air is warmed, it expands. If a volume of air expands, it
cools
When a bimetallic bar made of copper and iron strips is heated, the bar bends toward the iron strip. The reason for this is
copper expands more than iron
If Earth's mass decreased to one-half its original mass with no change in radius, then your weight would
decrease to one half your original weight
Consider a sample of water at 0 degrees C. If the temperature is slightly increased, the volume of the water
decreases
If a loaf of bread is compressed its
density increases
Solid matter is mostly empty space. The reason solids don't fall through one another is because
electrical forces
The volume of matter comes mostly from its
electrons
The force of gravity does work on a satellite when it is in
elliptical orbit
During an eclipse of the sun the high ocean tides on Earth are
extra high
When you touch a cold piece of ice with your finger, energy flows
from your finger to the ice
When carbon and oxygen atoms combine, energy is
given off by the reaction
The reason the sun's radiant energy is of shorter wavelengths than the Earth's is because the sun
has a higher temperature than the Earth.
The moderate temperatures of islands throughout the world has much to do with waters
high specific heat
Suppose the temperature of the input reservoir in a heat engine doesn't change. As the sink temperature is lowered, the efficiency of the engine
increases
Two objects move toward each other due to gravity. As the objects get closer and closer, the force between them
increases
Suppose you put a closed, sealed can of air on a hot stove burner. The contained air will undergo an increase in
internal energy, temperature and pressure
An object is thrown vertically into the air. Because of air resistance, the time for its descent will be
longer than the ascent time
The fact that desert sand is very hot in the day and very cold at night is evidence that sand has a
low specific heat
From Earth, one satellite appears to overtake another. The faster satellite is
lower
Compared to an empty ship, the same ship loaded with Styrofoam will float
lower in the water
If the specific heat of water were lower than it is, ponds in the cold of winter would be
more likely to freeze
The reason a granite block is mostly empty space is that the atoms in the granite are
mostly empty space themselves
When water is turned on in a shower, the shower curtain moves towards the water. This has to do with
pressure of a moving fluid
Increased air pressure on the surface of hot water tends to
prevent boiling
A suction cup sticks to a wall. It is
pushed to the wall by the atmosphere
A Thermos bottle has double glass walls with silver coating on the glass surfaces that face each other. The silver coating reduces energy transfer by
radiation
Compared to a bar of pure gold, the density of a pure gold ring is
same
Compared to the atoms that make up the body of an elderly person, the atoms that make up the body of a newborn baby are
same age
Two life preservers have identical volumes, but one is filled with Styrofoam while the other is filled with sand. When the two life preservers are fully submerged, the buoyant force is greater on the one filled with
same on each as long as their volumes are the same
The higher the temperature of an object, the
shorter the wavelengths it radiates.
Morning dew on the grass is a result of
slow-moving water molecules sticking to one another.
Which of the following is not a vector quantity?
speed
An object surrounded by air is buoyed up by a force equal to
the weight of the air displaced by the object
The speeds of the planets about the sun depend on
their distances from the sun
If an immersed object displaces 10 N of fluid, what is the buoyant force of the liquid on the object?
10 N
Which potatoes when peeled produce the most peelings?
10 kg of small potatoes
A metal block has a density of 5000 kg per cubic meter and a volume of 2 cubic meters. What is the block's mass?
10,000 kg
What is the weight of seawater displaced by a 100-ton ship floating in the ocean
100 tons
How many elements are in molecule of CH4
2
Entropy is closely related to the
2nd law of thermodynamics
Before ice can form on a lake, all the water in the lake must be cooled to
4 degrees C
One hundred joules of heat is added to a system that performs 60 joules of work. The internal energy change of the system is
40 J
How many atoms are in a molecule of CH4
5
A rock suspended by a string weighs 12 N out of water and 7 N when submerged. What is the buoyant force on the rock
5 N
a wooden block has a mass of 1000kg and a volume of 2 cubic centimeters. What is the blocks density?
500 kg per cubic meter D=M/V
Tripling the linear size of an object multiplies its area by
9 and its volume by 27
If one neutron is added to a helium nucleus, the result is
A helium isotope
A good insulator is
A poor conductor of heat energy
?????
Simply the remains of a giant star that has undergone gravitational collapse
An Earth satellite is in an elliptical orbit. The satellite travels fastest when it is
nearest the Earth
During an adiabatic compression of an ideal gas
no heat is supplied to or removed from the gas
A positron orbiting an antiproton would make up an atom of
anti-hydrogen
A bullet fired horizontally from a rifle begins to fall
as soon as it leaves the barrel
If a weighted, air-filled balloon sinks in deep water, it will
be acted on by a continuously decreasing buoyant force.
A bubble of air released from the bottom of a lake
becomes larger as it rises
The lowest temperature possible in nature is
-273 degrees C
Consider the fictional case of the incredible shrinking woman. If her height shrinks to 0.1 times her original height, then her total skin area shrinks to
0.01 times its original value
The flight of a blimp best illustrates
Archimedes' principle
Airplane flight best illustrates
Bernoulli's principle
If two protons are removed from an oxygen nucleus, the result is
Carbon
Aluminum has a specific heat capacity more than twice that of copper. Place equal masses of aluminum and copper wire in a flame and the one to undergo the fastest increase in temperature will be
Copper
The pressure in a liquid depends on
Density and Depth
According to Kepler's laws, the paths of planets about the sun are
Ellipses
It takes Pluto a longer time to orbit the sun than the Earth does because Pluto
Has much farther to go and goes much slower
A temperature difference of 25 degrees Celsius is also equal to a temperature difference 25 on the
Kelvin scale
A block of styrofoam floats on water while a same size block of lead lies submerged in the water. The buoyant force is greatest on the
Lead
A "weightless" astronaut in an orbiting shuttle is
Like the shuttle, pulled by earths gravity
Compared to the density of a kilogram of feathers, the density of a kilogram of lead is
More
A lunar month is about 28 days. If the Moon were closer to Earth than it is now, the lunar month would be
More than 28 days
An object will normally be a net radiator of energy when its internal energy is
Neither, because internal energy is not temperature
There would be only one ocean tide per 24-hour day if the
None of these, Never
What prevents satellites such as the space shuttle from falling?
Nothing; they are continually falling as they orbit the Earth.
In an electrically neutral atom the number of protons in the nucleus is equal to the number of
Orbiting electrons
A boulder is thrown into a deep lake. As it sinks deeper the buoyant force
Remains the same
A hydraulic press multiples a force by 100. This multiplication is done at the expense of
The distance through which the force acts
Which is most responsible for the ocean tides?
The moon
Compared to the buoyant force of the atmosphere on a 1-liter helium-filled balloon, the buoyant force of the atmosphere on a nearby 1-liter solid iron block is
The same
How far must one travel to escape Earth's gravitational field?
You cant travel far enough to get beyond it
The molecules in a room-temperature glass of water jostle around at
a great variety of speeds
Which cooks faster in boiling oil?
a sliced potato
Ice has a lower density than water because ice
is made of open-structured, hexagonal crystals.
A lobster crawls onto a bathroom scale submerged at the bottom of the ocean. Compared to its weight above the surface, the lobster will have an apparent weight under water that is
less
A one-ton blimp hovers in the air. The buoyant force acting on it is
one ton
The buoyant force on an object is least when the object is
partly submerged
Most of the matter in the universe is
plasma
If an astronaut landed on a planet made of antimatter, there would be an explosion and
the astronaut and an equal amount of the planet would both annihilate
Evaporation is a cooling process because
the more energetic molecules are able to escape the liquid
The fact that a thermometer "takes its own temperature" illustrates
thermal equilibrium
A hot dog pants
to help evaporation occur in its mouth and bronchial tract
At the same temperature, which move with the greater speed in the air?
very light molecules
The difference between a liquid and a gas is that under pressure, the gas
volume decreases and density increases
When snow forms in clouds, the surrounding air
warms
The density of a submerged submarine is about the same as the density of
water
During a very cold winter, water pipes sometimes burst. The reason for this is
water expands when freezing