Physics Test #2 Chapters 9-18

The Earths gravitational field extends

both inside and outside the Earth and throughout the universe

In a vacuum, an object has no

buoyant force

When weight is applied to the top of a stone arch, all of the stone blocks in the arch undergo

compression

Substances absorb heat energy by the process of

conduction, convection, radiation

The first law of thermodynamics is a restatement of the

conservation of energy

If a volume of air is warmed, it expands. If a volume of air expands, it

cools

When a bimetallic bar made of copper and iron strips is heated, the bar bends toward the iron strip. The reason for this is

copper expands more than iron

If Earth's mass decreased to one-half its original mass with no change in radius, then your weight would

decrease to one half your original weight

Consider a sample of water at 0 degrees C. If the temperature is slightly increased, the volume of the water

decreases

If a loaf of bread is compressed its

density increases

Solid matter is mostly empty space. The reason solids don't fall through one another is because

electrical forces

The volume of matter comes mostly from its

electrons

The force of gravity does work on a satellite when it is in

elliptical orbit

During an eclipse of the sun the high ocean tides on Earth are

extra high

When you touch a cold piece of ice with your finger, energy flows

from your finger to the ice

When carbon and oxygen atoms combine, energy is

given off by the reaction

The reason the sun's radiant energy is of shorter wavelengths than the Earth's is because the sun

has a higher temperature than the Earth.

The moderate temperatures of islands throughout the world has much to do with waters

high specific heat

Suppose the temperature of the input reservoir in a heat engine doesn't change. As the sink temperature is lowered, the efficiency of the engine

increases

Two objects move toward each other due to gravity. As the objects get closer and closer, the force between them

increases

Suppose you put a closed, sealed can of air on a hot stove burner. The contained air will undergo an increase in

internal energy, temperature and pressure

An object is thrown vertically into the air. Because of air resistance, the time for its descent will be

longer than the ascent time

The fact that desert sand is very hot in the day and very cold at night is evidence that sand has a

low specific heat

From Earth, one satellite appears to overtake another. The faster satellite is

lower

Compared to an empty ship, the same ship loaded with Styrofoam will float

lower in the water

If the specific heat of water were lower than it is, ponds in the cold of winter would be

more likely to freeze

The reason a granite block is mostly empty space is that the atoms in the granite are

mostly empty space themselves

When water is turned on in a shower, the shower curtain moves towards the water. This has to do with

pressure of a moving fluid

Increased air pressure on the surface of hot water tends to

prevent boiling

A suction cup sticks to a wall. It is

pushed to the wall by the atmosphere

A Thermos bottle has double glass walls with silver coating on the glass surfaces that face each other. The silver coating reduces energy transfer by

radiation

Compared to a bar of pure gold, the density of a pure gold ring is

same

Compared to the atoms that make up the body of an elderly person, the atoms that make up the body of a newborn baby are

same age

Two life preservers have identical volumes, but one is filled with Styrofoam while the other is filled with sand. When the two life preservers are fully submerged, the buoyant force is greater on the one filled with

same on each as long as their volumes are the same

The higher the temperature of an object, the

shorter the wavelengths it radiates.

Morning dew on the grass is a result of

slow-moving water molecules sticking to one another.

Which of the following is not a vector quantity?

speed

An object surrounded by air is buoyed up by a force equal to

the weight of the air displaced by the object

The speeds of the planets about the sun depend on

their distances from the sun

If an immersed object displaces 10 N of fluid, what is the buoyant force of the liquid on the object?

10 N

Which potatoes when peeled produce the most peelings?

10 kg of small potatoes

A metal block has a density of 5000 kg per cubic meter and a volume of 2 cubic meters. What is the block's mass?

10,000 kg

What is the weight of seawater displaced by a 100-ton ship floating in the ocean

100 tons

How many elements are in molecule of CH4

2

Entropy is closely related to the

2nd law of thermodynamics

Before ice can form on a lake, all the water in the lake must be cooled to

4 degrees C

One hundred joules of heat is added to a system that performs 60 joules of work. The internal energy change of the system is

40 J

How many atoms are in a molecule of CH4

5

A rock suspended by a string weighs 12 N out of water and 7 N when submerged. What is the buoyant force on the rock

5 N

a wooden block has a mass of 1000kg and a volume of 2 cubic centimeters. What is the blocks density?

500 kg per cubic meter D=M/V

Tripling the linear size of an object multiplies its area by

9 and its volume by 27

If one neutron is added to a helium nucleus, the result is

A helium isotope

A good insulator is

A poor conductor of heat energy

?????

Simply the remains of a giant star that has undergone gravitational collapse

An Earth satellite is in an elliptical orbit. The satellite travels fastest when it is

nearest the Earth

During an adiabatic compression of an ideal gas

no heat is supplied to or removed from the gas

A positron orbiting an antiproton would make up an atom of

anti-hydrogen

A bullet fired horizontally from a rifle begins to fall

as soon as it leaves the barrel

If a weighted, air-filled balloon sinks in deep water, it will

be acted on by a continuously decreasing buoyant force.

A bubble of air released from the bottom of a lake

becomes larger as it rises

The lowest temperature possible in nature is

-273 degrees C

Consider the fictional case of the incredible shrinking woman. If her height shrinks to 0.1 times her original height, then her total skin area shrinks to

0.01 times its original value

The flight of a blimp best illustrates

Archimedes' principle

Airplane flight best illustrates

Bernoulli's principle

If two protons are removed from an oxygen nucleus, the result is

Carbon

Aluminum has a specific heat capacity more than twice that of copper. Place equal masses of aluminum and copper wire in a flame and the one to undergo the fastest increase in temperature will be

Copper

The pressure in a liquid depends on

Density and Depth

According to Kepler's laws, the paths of planets about the sun are

Ellipses

It takes Pluto a longer time to orbit the sun than the Earth does because Pluto

Has much farther to go and goes much slower

A temperature difference of 25 degrees Celsius is also equal to a temperature difference 25 on the

Kelvin scale

A block of styrofoam floats on water while a same size block of lead lies submerged in the water. The buoyant force is greatest on the

Lead

A "weightless" astronaut in an orbiting shuttle is

Like the shuttle, pulled by earths gravity

Compared to the density of a kilogram of feathers, the density of a kilogram of lead is

More

A lunar month is about 28 days. If the Moon were closer to Earth than it is now, the lunar month would be

More than 28 days

An object will normally be a net radiator of energy when its internal energy is

Neither, because internal energy is not temperature

There would be only one ocean tide per 24-hour day if the

None of these, Never

What prevents satellites such as the space shuttle from falling?

Nothing; they are continually falling as they orbit the Earth.

In an electrically neutral atom the number of protons in the nucleus is equal to the number of

Orbiting electrons

A boulder is thrown into a deep lake. As it sinks deeper the buoyant force

Remains the same

A hydraulic press multiples a force by 100. This multiplication is done at the expense of

The distance through which the force acts

Which is most responsible for the ocean tides?

The moon

Compared to the buoyant force of the atmosphere on a 1-liter helium-filled balloon, the buoyant force of the atmosphere on a nearby 1-liter solid iron block is

The same

How far must one travel to escape Earth's gravitational field?

You cant travel far enough to get beyond it

The molecules in a room-temperature glass of water jostle around at

a great variety of speeds

Which cooks faster in boiling oil?

a sliced potato

Ice has a lower density than water because ice

is made of open-structured, hexagonal crystals.

A lobster crawls onto a bathroom scale submerged at the bottom of the ocean. Compared to its weight above the surface, the lobster will have an apparent weight under water that is

less

A one-ton blimp hovers in the air. The buoyant force acting on it is

one ton

The buoyant force on an object is least when the object is

partly submerged

Most of the matter in the universe is

plasma

If an astronaut landed on a planet made of antimatter, there would be an explosion and

the astronaut and an equal amount of the planet would both annihilate

Evaporation is a cooling process because

the more energetic molecules are able to escape the liquid

The fact that a thermometer "takes its own temperature" illustrates

thermal equilibrium

A hot dog pants

to help evaporation occur in its mouth and bronchial tract

At the same temperature, which move with the greater speed in the air?

very light molecules

The difference between a liquid and a gas is that under pressure, the gas

volume decreases and density increases

When snow forms in clouds, the surrounding air

warms

The density of a submerged submarine is about the same as the density of

water

During a very cold winter, water pipes sometimes burst. The reason for this is

water expands when freezing