Pivot Point 102.1 Microbiology
Micro-Organisms
Spread to a new person frequently; cause no infection unless they actually enter the body.
Contagious Infection (Communicable Disease)
Transmitted from one person to another
Spread from one person to another
A communicable disease refers to a disease that is:
Indirect Transmission
Air or contact with contaminated object
General Infection
All part of the body circulatory system carrier bacteria and their toxins
Passive Immunity
Antibodies given rather than produced through the immune system, Immediate protection, Lats only a few weeks or months.
Active Immunity
Antibodies produce after exposure to disease, Disease exposure through infection or vaccination, Takes time to develop, Long-lasting and sometimes lifelong.
Inactive Bacteria Stage
Bacteria conditions unfavorable; they die or become inactive, some form spores that are only destroyed by sterilization or sporicidal, if conditions become good; some become active
Active Bacteria Stage
Bacteria reproduce and grow rapidly, Require dark, damp, dirty areas, Absorb food, grow and divide
Nonpathogenic
Bacteria that are harmless and can even be beneficial are called:
Diplococci
Bacterial cells that grow in pairs and are the cause of certain infections, such as pneumonia, are known as:
Bacteria
Bacteriology is the study of:
Bloodborne Pathogens
Carrie through blood or body fluids.
Pathogenic Bacteria
Cause Infection and disease, some produce toxins, live everywhere, spread easily, 3 basic shapes.
Infection
Caused by pathogenic bacteria or viruses entering the body and multiplying to the point of interfering with the body's normal state.
Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)
Causes a highly infectious disease that infects the liver, bloodborne pathogen that causes a vaccine-preventable disease, vaccine preventable disease: inoculation is often recommended for personal service workers.
Movement of Bacteria
Cocci travel via air or dust. Bacilli and spirilla use flagella and cilia to propel themselves through liquids.
Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)
Common viral infection that can lead to health problems such as genital warts, plantar warts, cervical changes and cervical cancer. Often invisible and difficult to kill.
Bloodborne Pathogens
Disease-causing bacteria or viruses that are carried through the blood or body fluids are known as:
Active Stage
During which stage of growth do bacteria reproduce and grow rapidly?
Diplococci
Form pairs, cause pneumonia
Staphylococci
Forms bunches found in boils; pus forming
Streptococci
Forms long chains that cause strep throat, pus forming
Break Down
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) causes the immune system to:
Parasitic Fungi
Includes molds and yeasts, produces - contagious disease (ringworm, honeycomb ringworm, nail fungus). Can also produce non-contractions conditions (dandruff or seborrheic dermatitis)
Parasitic Mites
Insects that produce contagious diseases, such as itch mites and head lice.
External Parasites
Live on or obtain nutrients from another organism or host.
Microbiology
Micro (small) + bio (living) + ology (study) Important in preventing the spread of disease in the salon
Non-pathogenic Bacteria
Non-disease producing, can be very beneficial, approx. 70% of all bacteria are _____________and many live on the skin.
Bacteria
One-celled micro-organisms
Common ways of spreading infection in the salon
Open sores, Unclean hands and implements, cough or sneezing, common use of drinking cup and towels, use of same implements on infected areas and non-infected areas, unsanitary salon conditions.
External Parasites
Organisms that live on or obtain their nutrients from another organism are known as:
Benefitting the Environment
Pathogenic bacteria are responsible for all of the following, EXCEPT:
Asymptomatic Carrier
Person carrying disease producing bacteria or viruses with no recognizable symptoms.
Universal Precautions
Practice of using the same infection control procedures with all clients.
Staphylococci
Pus-forming bacterial cells that form grape like bunches or clusters and are present in abscesses are called:
Bacilli
Rod shaped, most common form of bacterial cells
Bacilli
Rod-shaped bacterial cells are known as:
Cocci
Round-shaped cells that appear in group or singularly, these include Staphylcocci, Streptococci, Diplococci.
Local Infection
Small, confined area, pus-filled boil, pimple or inflames area.
Viruses
Smaller than bacteria, cause familiar disease like the common cold, measles and hepatitis, require a living host to multiply, not treatable with antibiotics, in some cases vaccinations can prevent them.
Spirilla
Spiral shaped, cause syphilis, Lyme disease and cholera
Direct Transmission
Touch or exchange of body fluids
Head lice
Transmitted person to person by contact with infested articles, like combs and brushes. Usually accompanied by head scratching, redness and/or small bite marks. Easy to control with pediculicide shampoo.
Immunity
Two basic types: Active and Passive.
Growth of Bacteria
Two stages of growth cycle: Active and Inactive
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
Virus can lead to: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), Causes: Immune system to break down, Spreads When: Fluids from infected individual enter bloodstream of uninflected individual.
Spirilla
What bacteria, when viewed through a microscope, would appear to be spiraled, coiled, corkscrew-shaped bacterial cells?
Active Immunity
What type of immunity is provided when a person is given antibodies to a disease rather than producing them through his or her own immune system?
General Infection
Which of he following occurs when the circulatory system carries bacteria and their toxins to all parts of the body?
Disinfecting Salon Equipment
Which of the following actions would be considered a universal precaution?