Pivot Point 102.1 Microbiology

Micro-Organisms

Spread to a new person frequently; cause no infection unless they actually enter the body.

Contagious Infection (Communicable Disease)

Transmitted from one person to another

Spread from one person to another

A communicable disease refers to a disease that is:

Indirect Transmission

Air or contact with contaminated object

General Infection

All part of the body circulatory system carrier bacteria and their toxins

Passive Immunity

Antibodies given rather than produced through the immune system, Immediate protection, Lats only a few weeks or months.

Active Immunity

Antibodies produce after exposure to disease, Disease exposure through infection or vaccination, Takes time to develop, Long-lasting and sometimes lifelong.

Inactive Bacteria Stage

Bacteria conditions unfavorable; they die or become inactive, some form spores that are only destroyed by sterilization or sporicidal, if conditions become good; some become active

Active Bacteria Stage

Bacteria reproduce and grow rapidly, Require dark, damp, dirty areas, Absorb food, grow and divide

Nonpathogenic

Bacteria that are harmless and can even be beneficial are called:

Diplococci

Bacterial cells that grow in pairs and are the cause of certain infections, such as pneumonia, are known as:

Bacteria

Bacteriology is the study of:

Bloodborne Pathogens

Carrie through blood or body fluids.

Pathogenic Bacteria

Cause Infection and disease, some produce toxins, live everywhere, spread easily, 3 basic shapes.

Infection

Caused by pathogenic bacteria or viruses entering the body and multiplying to the point of interfering with the body's normal state.

Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)

Causes a highly infectious disease that infects the liver, bloodborne pathogen that causes a vaccine-preventable disease, vaccine preventable disease: inoculation is often recommended for personal service workers.

Movement of Bacteria

Cocci travel via air or dust. Bacilli and spirilla use flagella and cilia to propel themselves through liquids.

Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)

Common viral infection that can lead to health problems such as genital warts, plantar warts, cervical changes and cervical cancer. Often invisible and difficult to kill.

Bloodborne Pathogens

Disease-causing bacteria or viruses that are carried through the blood or body fluids are known as:

Active Stage

During which stage of growth do bacteria reproduce and grow rapidly?

Diplococci

Form pairs, cause pneumonia

Staphylococci

Forms bunches found in boils; pus forming

Streptococci

Forms long chains that cause strep throat, pus forming

Break Down

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) causes the immune system to:

Parasitic Fungi

Includes molds and yeasts, produces - contagious disease (ringworm, honeycomb ringworm, nail fungus). Can also produce non-contractions conditions (dandruff or seborrheic dermatitis)

Parasitic Mites

Insects that produce contagious diseases, such as itch mites and head lice.

External Parasites

Live on or obtain nutrients from another organism or host.

Microbiology

Micro (small) + bio (living) + ology (study) Important in preventing the spread of disease in the salon

Non-pathogenic Bacteria

Non-disease producing, can be very beneficial, approx. 70% of all bacteria are _____________and many live on the skin.

Bacteria

One-celled micro-organisms

Common ways of spreading infection in the salon

Open sores, Unclean hands and implements, cough or sneezing, common use of drinking cup and towels, use of same implements on infected areas and non-infected areas, unsanitary salon conditions.

External Parasites

Organisms that live on or obtain their nutrients from another organism are known as:

Benefitting the Environment

Pathogenic bacteria are responsible for all of the following, EXCEPT:

Asymptomatic Carrier

Person carrying disease producing bacteria or viruses with no recognizable symptoms.

Universal Precautions

Practice of using the same infection control procedures with all clients.

Staphylococci

Pus-forming bacterial cells that form grape like bunches or clusters and are present in abscesses are called:

Bacilli

Rod shaped, most common form of bacterial cells

Bacilli

Rod-shaped bacterial cells are known as:

Cocci

Round-shaped cells that appear in group or singularly, these include Staphylcocci, Streptococci, Diplococci.

Local Infection

Small, confined area, pus-filled boil, pimple or inflames area.

Viruses

Smaller than bacteria, cause familiar disease like the common cold, measles and hepatitis, require a living host to multiply, not treatable with antibiotics, in some cases vaccinations can prevent them.

Spirilla

Spiral shaped, cause syphilis, Lyme disease and cholera

Direct Transmission

Touch or exchange of body fluids

Head lice

Transmitted person to person by contact with infested articles, like combs and brushes. Usually accompanied by head scratching, redness and/or small bite marks. Easy to control with pediculicide shampoo.

Immunity

Two basic types: Active and Passive.

Growth of Bacteria

Two stages of growth cycle: Active and Inactive

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

Virus can lead to: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), Causes: Immune system to break down, Spreads When: Fluids from infected individual enter bloodstream of uninflected individual.

Spirilla

What bacteria, when viewed through a microscope, would appear to be spiraled, coiled, corkscrew-shaped bacterial cells?

Active Immunity

What type of immunity is provided when a person is given antibodies to a disease rather than producing them through his or her own immune system?

General Infection

Which of he following occurs when the circulatory system carries bacteria and their toxins to all parts of the body?

Disinfecting Salon Equipment

Which of the following actions would be considered a universal precaution?