Plant Test Review Questions and Answers

Tobacco plants produce chemicals. What for?

A natural insecticide, protects the plant from insects, and affects the human nervous system

What two systems are involved in transport of water and minerals in plants?

Absorption through roots and transport through shoot system by vascular tissue and stomata in leaf

Refer to figure 23-9 on page 587 and 23-10 on page 588 of your textbook. What do the arrows on page 587 represent? What kind of vascular tissue is involved in this process? What process causes water to move upward in the plant? What process is helping to bring water to the top of the plant?

Arrows represent the movement of water through a plant; Xylem; Capillary action; Transpiration

What type of fruit-eating animal would most likely ensure the wildest dispersal of a plant's seeds?

Birds

Bald cypress trees have "knees" that function to?

Bring oxygen down to the roots

How does a carnivorous plant obtain nitrogen?

By trapping and digesting insects

What plant systems would repair a would in tree bark?

Cell reproduction

What might a seed dispersal far away from the parent plant face less off?

Competition

If the xylem is destroyed in a young oak tree, it would interfere with the tree's ability to do what?

Conduct water to the leaves

Refer to figure 22-25 on page 570 of your textbook. Is a maple a monocot or dicot? How are the vascular bundles in the stem of corn arranged? Is iris or periwinkle monocot or dicot? How do you know?

Dicot; Scattered throughout the stem; Iris; Flowers are in threes or multiples of three

How do epiphytes differ from parasites

Epiphytes produce their own food

List three major characteristics of plants.

Eukaryote, have cell walls and multicellular

What regulates the growth patterns of plants such as ivy and pole beans?

Gravitotrophism, Phototrophism, and Thigmotrophism

Describe plant hormones.

Growth regulators and chemical messengers

What is the major difference in a monocot and dicot stem structure?

In monocot stems vascular bundies are scattered throughout the stem and in dicots vascular bundies are in a ring around the outer area

Wheere does most of the photosynthesis activity occur in a plant?

In the mesophyll layer

How is the cactus adapted to soak up rare rainfall quickly?

It has an extensive shallow root system

When a plant reproduces vegetatively, what will the offspring look like?

Offspring are genetically identical

Refer to the figure 23-18 on page 596 of your textbook. Are the stomata open or closed? What surrounds the stomata? What are the spaces between the spongy mesophyll? Why are they important?

Open; Guard Cells; Air spaces; Important for gas exchange

Plants that get their water and nutrients directly from a host plant are called _____________?

Parasites

What does a seed contain?

Plant embryo, food supply and protective covering

What happens during self-fertilization of a flower?

Pollen > anther > stigma > pollen tube forms and grows through style > reaches ovule within ovary > sperm fertilizes egg

List three functions of auxins.

Promoting apical dominance, promoting cell elongations in stems; phototropism

What is the closing of a Venus' flytrap called?

Rapid response

A cactus with thorns for leaves have leaf adaptations that do what?

Reduces water loss

How do plants systems work together to make movement of liquid possible?

Roots absorb water and minerals through xylem and move it up through the stem; stem moves food produced in leaves down to other parts of plant in phloem

Under what conditions of rainfall, temperature and light would a plant's stomata be closed? Explain your answer.

The stomata would be closed under conditions of low rainfall, high temperatures, and intense light because all three conditions increase a plant's need for water. Low rainfall decreases the amount of water available to a plant through its roots. High temperatures increase the amount of water that evaporates from a plant's leaves. Intense light increases photosynthesis, which increases the use of water by the plant. Closed stomata would help conserve water in the plant.

Refer to figure 22-6 on page 554 of your textbook. What does the figure show about the evolution of vascular plants?

They evolve vascular tissue before they evolved seeds

What would cause the stomata to close?

Too little water

What is the main function of the stem?

Transport substances between roots and leaves

Explain the importance of vascular in plants.

Vascular tissue allows water and dissolved nutrients to move throughout the plant body more efficiently than by osmosis alone. As a result, plants with vascular tissue. do not have to grow close to the ground and can become large in size.

Through which plant cells does water move

Xylem cells