Plantae: Red and Green Algae
One species is responsible for "red snow"
Chlamydomonas
Carrageenan and agar
Gelling agents that can be extracted with hot water
Antheridia
Large round structures
Chlorophytes
Largest clade of green algae 17,000 species
Volvox
Multicellular colonial
How many flagella does each chlamydomonas individual possess?
2
What is true regarding the plantae clade?
All organisms within the plantae clade are photosynthetic
Red algae
Between 6,000 and 7,000 species Most are multicellular, having a filamentous or leaf-like growth form and live in the marine environment attached to the substrate by a holdfast The largest red algae are referred to as seaweeds Chloroplasts contain several photosynthetic pigments with chlorophyll a (green) and phycoerythrin (red) predominating Some species appear green if they are growing in surface waters and red if they are growing in deeper waters
Starch
Carbohydrate storage compound
Red algae feel slick to the touch because they are coated with a thick layer of polysaccharide. The polysaccharide produced by brown algae alginic acid, while that of red algae is
Carrageenan
Also known as "skunkweed"
Chara
Chara
Charophyte
Spirogyra
Charophyte
Closest relatives of the land plants
Charophytes
Common in freshwater or brackish ecosystems
Charophytes
What clade is most closely related to the land plants?
Charophytes
Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b pigments
Charophytes and chlorophytes
Members are collectively referred to as green algae
Charophytes and chlorophytes
Store products of photosynthesis as starch
Charophytes and chlorophytes
Chlamydomonas
Chlorophyte
Ulva
Chlorophyte
Volvox
Chlorophyte
Clade with the largest number of species
Chlorophytes
Common in marine ecosystems
Chlorophytes and red algae
What synapomorphy is shared by the glaucophytes, red algae, green algae, and land plants?
Chloroplasts
Leafy alga that produces phycoerythrin
Chondrus
Charophyte
Clade that contains the green algae that are the closest relatives of the land plants
Stipe
Connects the blade to the holdfast
Synapomorphy
Derived characteristic
Oogonia
Elongate and have a distinctive crown of cells
Blades
Flat, branched, fan-like
Aquatic
Found in freshwater or marine habitats
Chlorophyll a
Green Concentrations are highest in chloroplasts exposed to bright light (conditions found nearer the ocean's surface)
Terrestrial
Growing on soil, trees, or rocks
Colonial
Living as a loose aggregation of cells
Multicellular
Many cells
Polysiphonia
Multicellular filamentous
Spirogyra
Multicellular filamentous
Chara
Multicellular leaf-like
Chondrus
Multicellular leaf-like
Ulva
Multicellular leaf-like
Charophytes
Occur primarily in freshwater or brackish ecosystems
Chlorophyte
Occur primarily in marine ecosystems
Unicellular
One cell
Phycoerythrin
Red Concentrations are highest under low light (conditions found at depths up to 850 feet below the surface)
Among the deepest of all photosynthesizers
Red algae
Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll a and phycoerythrin pigments
Red algae
Chondrus
Red algae
Polysiphonia
Red algae
Store products of photosynthesizers as floridean starch
Red algae
Holdfast
Root-like
Possesses a spiral-shaped chloroplast
Spirogyra
Unique characteristics of the red algae
The only photosynthetic eukaryotes possessing phycoerythrin Store photosynthetic products as floridean starch Produce no motile, flagellated cells at any stage in their life cycle
Green algae
There are more than 21,000 species They may be unicellular, multicellular, or colonial Most are aquatic; some are terrestrial; and a few have symbiotic relationships with fungi in the form of lichens or animals such as hydra and paramecium
Also known as "sea lettuce"
Ulva
What organisms can be referred to as "seaweeds"?
Ulva, laminaria, fucus, chondrus, and sargassum
Chlamydomonas
Unicellular
Form spherical colonies
Volvox