pls 120 midterm
Adam Smith's classic was titled
A Wealth of Nations
Which of the following would be an example of junk political science?
An essay on abortion that has no sources
Why do feminist scholars suggest that the core reason for women's inequality is psychological?
Because gender differences are basically learned behavior.
Why is overspending inherent in legislatures?
Because legislators use spending to help with reelection
When looking for power within a state, why might constitutions be misleading?
Because while the wording might stay the same, the meaning of constitutions might change.
was the method by which capitalists exported worker exploitation and avoided communist revolutions at home.
Colonization
A "percolation up" model of politics assumes that political institutions are a reflection of society
False
According to Adam Smith, the "wealth of nations" is based on how much gold a nation can accumulate in its coffers.
False
Which of the following is a weakness of the systems model as originally designed?
It is biased toward the status quo
According to Aristotle, the "best" form of government is one in which wealth is concentrated in the hands of the few.
False
According to Locke, the only way to ensure liberty is to divide government into two branches
False
Afghanistan is best thought of as a weak state.
False
Americans have never embraced ideological politics.
False
Aristotle defined politics as: "Who gets what, when, and why."
False
Behavioralism seeks to understand how politics is supposed to work.
False
Constitutionalism exists in a totalitarian state if there is a written constitution.
False
Constitutions rarely change once they are written.
False
Cultural explanations of power suggest that desire of humans to obey is innate.
False
Federal systems are better than unitary systems.
False
Franklin D. Roosevelt was considered to be a classical liberal.
False
Ideologies can best be understood as rational explanations for how politics works
False
In a parliamentary system, citizens directly vote for the head of government.
False
In the systems model, withinputs happen outside of the black box conversion process.
False
It is possible to develop a paradigm that explains all political actions and behaviors.
False
Life would be boring at the end of history, according to Fukuyama, because there are no ideologies left.
False
Maoism was a much less radical version of Marxism than Titoism.
False
Marx argued that the state was simply an instrument of class domination, and that by destroying the state, one could eliminate class distinctions.
False
Marxist theory uses economics to explain political outcomes.
False
Most European medieval and Renaissance political theorists were empirical in their approach to the study of politics.
False
Plato can rightly be considered the first empirical political scientist because his theories were based on accumulated data.
False
Political parties with an environmentalist ideology are rarely successful in politics.
False
The American Ku Klux Klan is a fascist organization.
False
The idea of positive freedom is most closely associated with the ideology of classic liberalism
False
The method of modernization used by the United States and Britain is the most effective way of modernizing the state.
False
The study of constitutions includes only the written governing documents
False
The writings of Rousseau heavily influenced the framers of the U.S. Constitution.
False
There is no way for political science research to be like research in the natural sciences.
False
Voter turnout in the 2008 and 2012 presidential elections was significantly lower than in previous years.
False
Nationalism grew out of the
French revolution
What distinguishes Machiavelli from the other classical theorists discussed in the text?
His work focused on power acquisition
How is modern conservatism similar to Burkean conservatism?
Its focus on traditions
Which of the following statements best describes a bicameral system?
In a bicameral system, the lower house is generally much more powerful.
Which of the following is a downside to federal systems?
Lack of uniformity in laws and taxation
What distinguishes modern liberalism from classical liberalism?
Modern liberalism emphasizes positive freedoms.
Power is something that is best thought of as ___________.
a connection between people
Aristotle said, "Man is by nature..."
a political animal
One distinguishing factor of fascism is ___________
an emphasis on centralization of government authority
According to political scientists, a constitution is
both the written and unwritten rules by which a government conducts its affairs
Resentment of a distant area foe being ruled by the nation's government is known as
center-periphery tension
The Espionage Act of 1917 saw the Court articulate the ___________ with respect to the First Amendment.
clear and present danger doctrine
Eliminating bias from the study of politics is:
difficult but should be promoted
A state that no longer can control or tax its entire territory would be a ___________ state.
failed
Countries that have limited governments usually had early experiences with ___________.
feudalism
One consequence of a separation of powers system is ___________.
government that is slow and cumbersome
One advantage of a single-member-district system is ___________.
greater political stability
The 2008 Heller case led to a modification of the Constitution with respect to which right?
individual gun ownership
One of the biggest failures of Marx's theory was ___________.
its failed prediction about the collapse of capitalism
One of the critiques of the use of natural science methods to study the social world is ___________.
natural science methods are not value free
Rationality in rational-choice theory means that ___________.
people try to maximize benefits and minimize costs
One piece of evidence that supports modernization theory is ___________.
poor countries are rarely democratic
"Nation" refers to ________ while "state" refers to ________
population; governmental structure
A 19th centrury philosophy that advocated using natural science-methods to study society is called
positivism
Hitler added to Mussolini's fascism a
racist element
Emphasizing the idea that politiciams are opportunists is
rational choice theory
Legitimacy" in political science refers to
rightful rule
Modern Liberalism differs from classic liberalism in that the former
seeks some governmental intervention
Historically, in most cases
states came before nations
In which of the following systems would you find a high level of state ownership coupled with low levels of welfare?
statist systems
Constitutionalism refers to a government
that limits its powers and respects individual rights
Political science is often referred to as the master science because __________.
the decisions of the polis affect almost all aspects of life
Rousseau proposed governance based on
the general will
Which of the following is an explanation for the depoliticization of citizens?
the influence of the wealthy
A constitution, according to political scientists, is ___________.
the rules and structure of government
Judicial activism refers to ___________.
the willingness of the Court to declare laws and practices unconstitutional
One of the important points about the rights expressed in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights is ___________.
they cannot be arbitrarily taken away by government
The author takes the position, widespread in political science for decades, that the proper starting point of political analysis is society.
True
The political system advocated by Confucius was similar to that prescribed by Plato, in that both systems were organized hierarchically.
True
What follows logically from the authors' contention that "politics grows out of society"?
One cannot understand politics without first understanding underlying societal forces
Why are political ideologies not the same as political science?
Political ideologies do not rationally try to understand political systems.
Which of the following theorists argued that corruption came from society?
Rousseau
_________ is an example of a failed state.
Somalia
The Afghan government has a difficult time controlling territory outside of the capital city of Kabul. This is a problem of ___________.
Sovereignty
Based on the authors' discussion of theory, what is the relationship between theories and facts?
Theories organize facts into a coherent whole.
Why did Bell think that ideology was at an end?
There was little left to fight about once communism collapsed.
Why are committees important in legislatures?
They screen bills to help ensure that only important legislation is considered.
A government that intervenes to protect its nation's industries from foreign competition is practicing mercantilism
True
Absenteeism is due in part to legislators recognizing that legislating is no longer their chief function.
True
According to the authors, the defeat of the better armed South Vietnamese by the North Vietnamese illustrates the importance of ideology as a motivating factor.
True
Aristotle can be considered a descriptive political scientist in the sense that he prescribed the most desirable political institutions based on his research.
True
Aristotle showed that political science could be both empirical and normative
True
Efforts to eliminate bilingual requirements for government documents and to force immigrants to learn the native language violates the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
True
In times of perceived threats to national security, government is highly likely to limit rights, especially freedom of expression.
True
Institutions help political scientists locate who has power within a state.
True
Legitimacy is both a legal and a psychological right to govern.
True
Modern conservatism is essentially the same as classical liberalism.
True
Modern liberalism and modern conservatism share the same ideological roots.
True
Modernization theory suggests that all facets of society are interrelated and a change in one will produce a change in another.
True
Most of the time legislatures now react to initiatives proposed by the executive branch of government.
True
Most of the world's legislatures are bicameral.
True
Small parties are more competitive in proportional representation systems.
True
