pls 120 midterm

Adam Smith's classic was titled

A Wealth of Nations

Which of the following would be an example of junk political science?

An essay on abortion that has no sources

Why do feminist scholars suggest that the core reason for women's inequality is psychological?

Because gender differences are basically learned behavior.

Why is overspending inherent in legislatures?

Because legislators use spending to help with reelection

When looking for power within a state, why might constitutions be misleading?

Because while the wording might stay the same, the meaning of constitutions might change.

was the method by which capitalists exported worker exploitation and avoided communist revolutions at home.

Colonization

A "percolation up" model of politics assumes that political institutions are a reflection of society

False

According to Adam Smith, the "wealth of nations" is based on how much gold a nation can accumulate in its coffers.

False

Which of the following is a weakness of the systems model as originally designed?

It is biased toward the status quo

According to Aristotle, the "best" form of government is one in which wealth is concentrated in the hands of the few.

False

According to Locke, the only way to ensure liberty is to divide government into two branches

False

Afghanistan is best thought of as a weak state.

False

Americans have never embraced ideological politics.

False

Aristotle defined politics as: "Who gets what, when, and why."

False

Behavioralism seeks to understand how politics is supposed to work.

False

Constitutionalism exists in a totalitarian state if there is a written constitution.

False

Constitutions rarely change once they are written.

False

Cultural explanations of power suggest that desire of humans to obey is innate.

False

Federal systems are better than unitary systems.

False

Franklin D. Roosevelt was considered to be a classical liberal.

False

Ideologies can best be understood as rational explanations for how politics works

False

In a parliamentary system, citizens directly vote for the head of government.

False

In the systems model, withinputs happen outside of the black box conversion process.

False

It is possible to develop a paradigm that explains all political actions and behaviors.

False

Life would be boring at the end of history, according to Fukuyama, because there are no ideologies left.

False

Maoism was a much less radical version of Marxism than Titoism.

False

Marx argued that the state was simply an instrument of class domination, and that by destroying the state, one could eliminate class distinctions.

False

Marxist theory uses economics to explain political outcomes.

False

Most European medieval and Renaissance political theorists were empirical in their approach to the study of politics.

False

Plato can rightly be considered the first empirical political scientist because his theories were based on accumulated data.

False

Political parties with an environmentalist ideology are rarely successful in politics.

False

The American Ku Klux Klan is a fascist organization.

False

The idea of positive freedom is most closely associated with the ideology of classic liberalism

False

The method of modernization used by the United States and Britain is the most effective way of modernizing the state.

False

The study of constitutions includes only the written governing documents

False

The writings of Rousseau heavily influenced the framers of the U.S. Constitution.

False

There is no way for political science research to be like research in the natural sciences.

False

Voter turnout in the 2008 and 2012 presidential elections was significantly lower than in previous years.

False

Nationalism grew out of the

French revolution

What distinguishes Machiavelli from the other classical theorists discussed in the text?

His work focused on power acquisition

How is modern conservatism similar to Burkean conservatism?

Its focus on traditions

Which of the following statements best describes a bicameral system?

In a bicameral system, the lower house is generally much more powerful.

Which of the following is a downside to federal systems?

Lack of uniformity in laws and taxation

What distinguishes modern liberalism from classical liberalism?

Modern liberalism emphasizes positive freedoms.

Power is something that is best thought of as ___________.

a connection between people

Aristotle said, "Man is by nature..."

a political animal

One distinguishing factor of fascism is ___________

an emphasis on centralization of government authority

According to political scientists, a constitution is

both the written and unwritten rules by which a government conducts its affairs

Resentment of a distant area foe being ruled by the nation's government is known as

center-periphery tension

The Espionage Act of 1917 saw the Court articulate the ___________ with respect to the First Amendment.

clear and present danger doctrine

Eliminating bias from the study of politics is:

difficult but should be promoted

A state that no longer can control or tax its entire territory would be a ___________ state.

failed

Countries that have limited governments usually had early experiences with ___________.

feudalism

One consequence of a separation of powers system is ___________.

government that is slow and cumbersome

One advantage of a single-member-district system is ___________.

greater political stability

The 2008 Heller case led to a modification of the Constitution with respect to which right?

individual gun ownership

One of the biggest failures of Marx's theory was ___________.

its failed prediction about the collapse of capitalism

One of the critiques of the use of natural science methods to study the social world is ___________.

natural science methods are not value free

Rationality in rational-choice theory means that ___________.

people try to maximize benefits and minimize costs

One piece of evidence that supports modernization theory is ___________.

poor countries are rarely democratic

"Nation" refers to ________ while "state" refers to ________

population; governmental structure

A 19th centrury philosophy that advocated using natural science-methods to study society is called

positivism

Hitler added to Mussolini's fascism a

racist element

Emphasizing the idea that politiciams are opportunists is

rational choice theory

Legitimacy" in political science refers to

rightful rule

Modern Liberalism differs from classic liberalism in that the former

seeks some governmental intervention

Historically, in most cases

states came before nations

In which of the following systems would you find a high level of state ownership coupled with low levels of welfare?

statist systems

Constitutionalism refers to a government

that limits its powers and respects individual rights

Political science is often referred to as the master science because __________.

the decisions of the polis affect almost all aspects of life

Rousseau proposed governance based on

the general will

Which of the following is an explanation for the depoliticization of citizens?

the influence of the wealthy

A constitution, according to political scientists, is ___________.

the rules and structure of government

Judicial activism refers to ___________.

the willingness of the Court to declare laws and practices unconstitutional

One of the important points about the rights expressed in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights is ___________.

they cannot be arbitrarily taken away by government

The author takes the position, widespread in political science for decades, that the proper starting point of political analysis is society.

True

The political system advocated by Confucius was similar to that prescribed by Plato, in that both systems were organized hierarchically.

True

What follows logically from the authors' contention that "politics grows out of society"?

One cannot understand politics without first understanding underlying societal forces

Why are political ideologies not the same as political science?

Political ideologies do not rationally try to understand political systems.

Which of the following theorists argued that corruption came from society?

Rousseau

_________ is an example of a failed state.

Somalia

The Afghan government has a difficult time controlling territory outside of the capital city of Kabul. This is a problem of ___________.

Sovereignty

Based on the authors' discussion of theory, what is the relationship between theories and facts?

Theories organize facts into a coherent whole.

Why did Bell think that ideology was at an end?

There was little left to fight about once communism collapsed.

Why are committees important in legislatures?

They screen bills to help ensure that only important legislation is considered.

A government that intervenes to protect its nation's industries from foreign competition is practicing mercantilism

True

Absenteeism is due in part to legislators recognizing that legislating is no longer their chief function.

True

According to the authors, the defeat of the better armed South Vietnamese by the North Vietnamese illustrates the importance of ideology as a motivating factor.

True

Aristotle can be considered a descriptive political scientist in the sense that he prescribed the most desirable political institutions based on his research.

True

Aristotle showed that political science could be both empirical and normative

True

Efforts to eliminate bilingual requirements for government documents and to force immigrants to learn the native language violates the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

True

In times of perceived threats to national security, government is highly likely to limit rights, especially freedom of expression.

True

Institutions help political scientists locate who has power within a state.

True

Legitimacy is both a legal and a psychological right to govern.

True

Modern conservatism is essentially the same as classical liberalism.

True

Modern liberalism and modern conservatism share the same ideological roots.

True

Modernization theory suggests that all facets of society are interrelated and a change in one will produce a change in another.

True

Most of the time legislatures now react to initiatives proposed by the executive branch of government.

True

Most of the world's legislatures are bicameral.

True

Small parties are more competitive in proportional representation systems.

True