POB Chapter 8

How many carbon dioxide molecules are needed to produce a glucose during photosynthesis?

6

In the equation for photosynthesis, the term energy stands for solar energy, whereas in the equation for cellular respiration, the term energy stands for the chemical energy held by _______________ molecules

ATP

Photosystem II provides the energy to make

ATP

Which of the following is an output from Photosystem II?

ATP

Which step occurs first during the reduction of carbon dioxide that occurs during the Calvin cycle?

ATP is used to convert 3PG to 1,3 bisphosphoglycerate (BPG)

allows hydrogen ions to pass down their concentration gradient

ATP synthase

The enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of ATP as hydrogen ions flow down their concentration gradient is called

ATP synthease

In the noncyclic electron pathway of photosynthesis, which photosystem receives electrons from the other?

I

Which photosystem is found at the beginning of the noncyclic pathway?

II

The coenzyme that functions in photosynthesis is

NADP+

Energized electrons leave photosystem I and pass on to regenerate

NADPH

Hydrogen atoms are carried from the light reactions to the Calvin cycle reactions by the coenzyme

NADPH

Which of the following lists visible light from longest to shortest wavelength?

Red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet

During the third stage of the Calvin cycle, the starting material ______ is regenerated.

RuBP

Two components of a photosystem are

a pigment complex and an electron acceptor

Select substances that a plant can produce from the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate product of the Calvin cycle. amino acids oxygen gas glucose fatty acids starch water

amino acids glucose fatty acids starch

In the cyclic electron pathway, photosystem I passes its energized electrons toq

an electron transport chain

Arrange the steps of carbon dioxide fixation during the Calvin cycle in order, with the first step at the TOP. production of 3 6-carbon molecules attachment of 3 carbon dioxide to 3 RuBP production of 6 3-carbon molecules, called 3P

attachement of 3 carbon dioxide to 3 RuBP production of 3 6-carbon molecules production of 6 3-carbon molecules, called 3PG

Organisms that can make their own food through the process of photosynthesis are called producers or

autotrophs

What are organisms that can produce their own food through the process of photosynthesis called?

autotrophs

During which stage are carbohydrates synthesized?

calvin cycle

light-independent

calvin cycle reactions

reduces carbon dioxide to a carbohydrate

calvin cycle reactions

The "synthesis" part of the term photosynthesis relates to the production of

carbohydrate

Place the stages of the Calvin cycle in the correct sequence. carbon dioxide fixation carbon dioxide reduction RuBP regeneration

carbon dioxide fixation carbon dioxide reduction RuBP regeneration

Which stage of the Calvin cycle uses ATP for energy and accepts electrons and hydrogen ions from NADPH?

carbon dioxide reduction

Select the steps of the Calvin cycle. carbon dioxide reduction substrate level ATP formation regeneration of RuBP carbon dioxide fixation non cyclic electron transfer

carbon dioxide reduction regeneration of RuBP carbon dioxide fixation

building material for the construction of cell walls

cellulose

The double membrane-bounded organelle in algae and plants where photosynthesis takes place is called a(n)

chloroplast

Which of the following are autotrophs? fungi cyanobacteria plants algae animals

cyanobacteria plants algae

The electron pathway that involves only photosystem I is called the _____________ electron pathway

cyclic

If a photosynthetic cell has abundant NADPH it may enter the

cyclic electron pathway

X-rays, microwaves, and visible light are components of the _________________ spectrum

electromagnetic

During the light reactions, electrons are transferred from photosystem II to photosystem I via the _________________ chain

electron transport

Which of these systems is used to pump hydrogen ions across the thylakoid membrane?

electron transport chain

pumps hydrogen ions into the thylakoid space

electron transport chain

The term photosynthesis refers to the capture of solar _______________ and the production of carbohydrate

energy

Solar energy lies on a spectrum, which is described in terms of which of these properties? energy content rate of speed physical volume wavelength chemical makeup

energy content wavelength

RuBP carboxylase is the ______________ that catalyzes carbon dioxide fixation during the Calvin cycle

enzyme

True or false: The light reactions supply the carbon needed by the Calvin cycle to produce carbohydrates.

false

Carbon dioxide ______ is the first step of the Calvin cycle.

fixation

During the Calvin cycle, RuBP carboxylase catalyzes the

fixation of carbon dioxide

Select the examples of radiant energy. gamma rays radio waves white light electricity

gamma rays radio waves white light

energy for the production of ATP

glucose

The product that plants use during the Calvin cycle to generate glucose, starch, fatty acids, and amino acids is called

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P)

A stack of flattened thylakoid sacs is called a

granum

An organism that cannot synthesize organic compounds from inorganic substances and therefore must take in organic food is called a consumer or a

heterotroph

What are organisms that cannot produce their own food called?

heterotrophs

The electron transport chain assists with the production of ATP by pumping which substance across the thylakoid membrane?

hydrogen ions

ATP synthase catalyzes the synthesis of ATP because

hydrogen ions flow through it

In the cyclic electron pathway, photosystem I receives its replacement electrons from

itself

In which plant organ would you find mesophyll tissue?

leaf

Which plant organ contains stomata that allows carbon dioxide to pass through to get into the plant?

leaf

light-dependent

light reactions

releases oxygen

light reactions

The tissue within a leaf that contains the cells in which photosynthesis occurs is called _______________ tissue

mesophyll

The tissue within a leaf that contains the cells in which photosynthesis occurs is called _________________ tissue

mespohyll

The structure at the surface of a chloroplast is the

outer membrane

______ and ______ are outputs of photosynthesis.

oxygen glucose

The __________________ gas that is released during photosynthesis comes from the _________________ molecules that enter into the process.

oxygen water

Select the examples of autotrophs. palm tree algae turtle parrot cyanobacteria

palm tree algae cyanobacteria

Which of these is associated with the reduction of NADP+?

photosystem I

passes electrons to NADP reductase

photosystem I

When the chlorophyll in the reaction center of photosystem I loses its electrons, these are replaced by electrons from

photosystem II

receives electrons from water

photosystem II

Place the following items in the correct order as they would function in the noncyclic electron pathway of photosynthesis. electron transport chain ATP synthase complex photosystem II photosystem I NADP reductase

photosystem II electron transport chain photosystem I NADP reductase ATP synthase complex

The electron transport chain fuels ATP production by

producing a higher concentration of H+

Chlorophyll is a green pigment because it

reflects green wavelengths of light

The major processes that occur during the Calvin cycle are carbon dioxide fixation, carbon dioxide reduction and

regeneration of RuBP

Which of these is the final stage of the Calvin cycle?

regeneration of RuBP

Which plant organ functions to obtain the water required for the process of photosynthesis?

root

The process of photosynthesis converts

solar energy into chemical energy

The radiant energy from the sun that can be described in terms of its wavelength and energy content is called ________________ energy

solar/light

chemical energy storage molecule found in chloroplasts and roots

starch

Plants store glucose in an energy storage carbohydrate called _____________ and use ________________ as a building material for the construction of cell walls.

starch cellulose

In a chloroplast, where is carbon dioxide used to produce carbohydrate?

stroma

The fluid-filled interior of a chloroplast's double membrane is called

stroma

transportation of chemical energy from one part of a plant to another

sucrose

What is the electromagnetic spectrum

the full range of electromagnetic wavelengths

In a chloroplast, where is solar energy absorbed during photosynthesis?

thylakoid

The specific chloroplast structure that contains the photosynthetic pigments is the

thylakoid

Where are photosystems I and II located?

thylakoid membrane

What is the function of photosystem I?

to form NADPH

Which color of light has the shortest wavelength?

violet

The portion of the electromagnetic spectrum used in photosynthesis is called ______________ light

visible

Which portion of the electromagnetic spectrum is used in photosynthesis?

visible light

Photosystem II receives replacement electrons from molecules of

water

The oxygen that is released during photosynthesis comes from

water

Which of the following are major inputs to the process of photosynthesis? oxygen glucose water carbon dioxide

water carbon dioxide

The part of the electromagnetic spectrum that humans can see is called _______, or visible light.

white light