Pol 1 final
According to the Federal Election Commission ( FEC ) , what is the maximum an individual can contribute to a political candidate's campaign committee ? ( See Table 7.12 )
$ 2,900
Reserved powers , or powers that are not specifically delegated to the national government or denied to the states , are derived from the
10th Amendment
State representatives in the Assembly & Senate can serve a total of how many years ?
12
Which Reconstruction amendment created U.S. citizenship for recently freed slaves and overturned the Dred Scott decision ?
14th Amendment
Which constitutional amendment grants women the right to vote ?
19th Amendment
Which constitutional amendment guarantees the rights of freedom of speech , freedom of the press , and free exercise of religion ?
1st amendment
Which amendment to the Constitution limits presidents to 2 terms ?
22nd amendment
Which constitutional amendment prohibits poll taxes ?
24th Amendment
Which constitutional amendment protects the right to " bear arms ? "
2nd amendment
How many judges sit on California appellate court panels when deciding a case ?
3
How long is a Governor's term ?
4 years
Which amendment protects Americans from unreasonable searches and seizures ?
4th amendment
How long is a single term for California State Superior Court judges ?
6 years
Which of the following statements is approximately true ?
62 % of California voters are White , 16 % are Latino , 6 % are Black , and 11 % are Asian
Which constitutional amendment guarantees the rights to trial by jury , to confront witnesses , and to have assistance from legal counsel ?
6th amendment
How many Justice serve on the California State Supreme Court ?
7
A president's veto can be overturned by
A 2/3 vote in each house of Congress
What are the differences between a closed rule and an open rule in the House ?
A closed rule puts severe limits on floor debate and amendments , whereas an open rule permits floor debate and makes amendments easier
This president blockaded southern ports , established military tribunals , suspended the writ of habeas corpus , and issued the Emancipation Proclamation during the Civil War
Abraham Lincoln
The media's ability to choo which issues or topics get attention
Agenda Setting
A rule issued by the president without the cooperation of Congress and having the force of law
An executive order
Federalism is
An institutional arrangement that creates two relatively autonomous levels of government , each possessing the capacity to act directly on behalf of the people with the authority granted to it by the national constitution .
What was America's first written constitution , which was in effect until 1789 and stressed the sovereign authority and independence of the states except for powers expressly delegated to the national government ?
Articles of Confederation ( March 1 , 1777 )
California has a bicameral legislature . What are the 2 chambers of the California State legislature ?
Assembly and senate
Which of the following statements is true ?
Assemblymembers serve 2 year terms ; Senators serve 4 year terms
In which case did the Supreme Court rule that the Bill of Rights does not apply to the actions of state and local governments ?
Barron v . Baltimore ( 1833 )
The first ten amendments to the Constitution are known as
Bill of Rights
In this case , the Supreme Court ruled that a state did not violate the 14th amendment privileges and immunities clause when it refused to accept a woman into the state bar because of her sex
Bradwell v . Illinois ( 1872 )
In this case , the Supreme Court ordered racially segregated public school be desegregated and overturned the Plessy v . Ferguson decision
Brown v . Board of Education 1954
Which law prohibited Chinese immigrants from entering the United States ?
Chinese Exclusion Act ( 1882 )
A parliamentary process to end a debate in the Senate , as a measure against the filibuster ; invoked when three - fifths of senators vote for the motion
Cloture
This clause in Article II of the Constitution grants the president power over the armed forces of the U.S.
Commander in Chief clause
Which of the following are powers of California's Governor ?
Commander in Chief of National Guard , Propose State Budget , Address State of the State , Nominate Judges , Veto
Powers shared by the federal and state governments ( i.e. taxing , eminent domain , law enforcement , etc. ) are known as
Concurrent powers
Under the terms of this plan each state gained equal representation in the Senate and population - based representation in the House of Representatives .
Connecticut Compromise ( aka Great Compromise )
Which of the following is the lowest area of California State budget expenditures ?
Corrections & Rehabilitation
An election that represents a sudden , clear , and long term shift in voter allegiances
Critical Election .
Which law authorized the President to allot tribal lands to individual Indians and make surplus land available to White settlers ?
Dawes Act ( 1887 )
" We hold these truths to be self - evident , that all men are created equal , that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights , that among these are Life , Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness , - That to secure these rights , Governments are instituted among Men , deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed . " This phrase appears in which historical document ?
Declaration of Independence ( July 4 , 1776 )
The two major political parties in the United States since the Civil War
Democrats and Republicans
A condition in which one or more houses of the legislature is controlled by the party in opposition to the executive ( Ex : When the President is a Republican & the Speaker of the House is a Democrat )
Divided government
In this case , the Supreme Court ruled that Black Americans could not become citizens of the United States ?
Dred Scott v . Sandford ( 1857 )
Lobbyists representing Apple , Microsoft , & the American Fuel & Petrochemical Manufacturers are examples of which of the following type of interest groups ?
Economic & Corporate Groups
Which clause of the 14th Amendment guarantees citizens " the equal protection of the laws " ?
Equal protection clause
A Federal Communications Commission ( FCC ) policy that all candidates running for office must be given the same radio and television airtime opportunities
Equal time rule
What are the 3 branches of California's State government ?
Executive , Legislative , Judicial
A parliamentary maneuver used in the Senate to extend debate on a piece of legislation as long as possible , typically with the intended purpose of obstructing or killing it is known as a
Filibuster
Which of the following statements is true ?
Fox News is an ideologically conservative media outlet , while MSNBC is an ideologically liberal media outlet
The process of giving a news story a specific context or background
Framing
This president proposed the New Deal , threatened to pack the Supreme Court with his supporters , led the U.S. through WWII , issued an executive order establishing internment camps for Japanese Americans , and is the longest serving president in U.S. history
Franklin D. Roosevelt
This president created the original cabinet positions suppressed the Whiskey Rebellion , and issued the Neutrality Proclamation during a war between Great Britain & France
George Washington
Which of the following executive branch officials is President of the State Senate and can cast a tie breaking vote ?
Governor
vvno is the Chief Executive of the State of California :
Governor
Which California governor was recalled by voters ?
Gray Davis
In this case , the Supreme Court ruled that the death penalty does not violate the 8th amendment protection against cruel and unusual punishment
Griswold v . Connecticut ( 1965 )
The national origins quota system implemented by the Emergency Quota Act 1921 ) was abolished by the which led to increasing immigration and diversity in the USA
Immigration and Naturalization Act ( 1965 )
Polarization , the ideological distance between the two political parties , in the California legislature is
Increasing
The act of contacting and taking the organization's message directly to lawmakers in an attempt to influence policy
Inside Lobbying
Individuals who organize to influence the government's programs and policies
Interest Groups
The Federalist Papers , a series of essays supporting ratification of the Constitution , were written by
John Jay , Alexander Hamilton , and James Madison
Which of the following is the largest area of California State budget expenditures ?
K - 12 Education & Higher Education
Lobbyists representing the AFL - CIO & the American Federation of State , County , & Municipal Employees ( AFSCME ) are examples of which of the following type of interest groups ?
Labor Groups
In this case , the Supreme Court ruled that federal law involving religious entities must : ( 1 ) have a secular purpose : ( 2 ) not advance nor inhibit the exercise of religion ; and ( 3 ) not foster excessive entanglement between church and state
Lemon v . Kurtzman ( 1971 )
Which county has the largest population in the State of California ?
Los Angeles
In this case , the Supreme Court ruled that a Virginia law prohibiting interracial marriage violated the 14th Amendment equal protection clause
Loving v . Virginia ( 1967 )
In this case , the Supreme Court incorporated the 4th amendment and ruled that evidence obtained without a proper search warrant is inadmissible in court
Mapp v . Ohio ( 1961 )
In this case , the Supreme Court declared the right to bear arms " a fundamental liberty and incorporated the 2nd amendment
Mcdonald v coty of chicago
In this case , the Supreme Court ruled that the criminally accused should be made aware of the following : ( 1 ) They have a right to remain silent ; ( 2 ) Statements they make can be used against them ; and ( 3 ) They have the right to an attorney
Miranda v arizona
A national institution that nominates the party's presidential and vice - presidential candidates , establishes party rules , and writes and ratifies the party platform
National convention
What was the name of the plan , introduced by William Patterson at the Constitutional Convention , that called for equal state representation in the national legislature regardless of population ?
New Jersey Plan
In this case , the Supreme Court ruled that the U.S. government could not prevent newspapers from publishing information about the Vietnam War
New York Times v . United States ( 1971 )
The process by which political parties select their candidates for election to public office
Nomination
In this case , the Supreme Court ruled that state laws prohibiting same - sex marriage violate the 14th amendment equal protection clause
Obergefell v . Hodges ( 2015 )
Political parties are
Organizations made up of groups of people with similar interests that try to directly influence public policy through their members seek and hold public office
Individuals who represent themselves in public as being part of a party are known as
Party Identifiers
The collection of a party's positions on issues it considers politically important ; Generally written . during the national convention by party leaders
Party platform
The shift of party positions from moderate towards ideological extremes
Party polarization
this case , the Supreme Court ruled Louisiana could legally segregate public railways and created the " separate but equal " doctrine
Plessy v . Ferguson ( 1896 )
The theory that all interests are and should be free to compete for influence in the government ; the outcome of this competition is compromise and moderation
Pluralism
The process of predisposing readers or viewers to think a particular way
Priming
A government action that stops someone from doing something before they are able to do it ( e.g .. forbidding someone to publish a book he or she plans to release )
Prior restraint
During which time period was the constitution amended to create a federal income tax ( 16th amendment ) , allow for the direct election of senators 17th amendment ) , establish the prohibition of alcohol 18th amendment ) , and grant women the right to vote 19th amendment ) ?
Progressive era
Which ballot initiative changed California from a closed primary system to a " top 2 " primary system
Prop 14
In the realignment election of 1856 , which of the following occurred ?
Republicans replaced the Whigs
In which case did the Supreme Court rule that the right to privacy includes a woman's decision to have an abortion ?
Roe v . Wade ( 1973 )
Vote in which each legislator's yes or no vote is recorded as the clerk calls the names of members is known as a
Roll - call vote
In this case , the Supreme Court ruled that the 1st amendment does not protect speech that creates a " clear and present danger " and upheld the Espionage Act of 1917
Schenck v . United States ( 1919 )
Which of the following are Cabinet positions ?
Secretary of State , Secretary of Defense , Secretary of the Treasury
The gradual process of making some guarantees of the Bill of Rights ( so far ) apply to state governments and the national government
Selective Incorporation
A statement a president issues with the intent to influence the way a specific bill the president signs should be enforced
Signing statements
Who is the leader of the Assembly ?
Speaker of the Assembly
The chief presiding office of the House of Representatives , generally from the majority party , is known as the
Speaker of the House
What are the 3 levels of government in California ?
State , County , & City
An independent political action committee that may raise unlimited sums of money from corporations , unions , and individuals but is not permitted to contribute to or coordinate directly with parties or candidates
Super PAC
What are the 3 levels of the court system in California ?
Superior court . Appellate court , Supreme Court
What is the highest court in the State of California ?
Supreme Court
Which of the following statements is true ?
Supreme Court judges are nominated by the governor , confirmed by the commission on judicial appointments , and voted on by the people of California .
In this case , the Supreme Court ruled that the 1st amendment right to free speech protects the burning of the U.S. flag as a form of political speech
Texas v . Johnson ( 1989 )
The president is elected by
The Electoral College
Executive privilege is
The president's right to withhold information from Congress , the judiciary , or the public
" Separation of powers " is
The sharing of powers among three separa branches of government
Which of the following statements is true ?
There are 80 Assembly districts & 40 Senate districts
Which of the following statements is true ?
There are more Democrats than Republicans and more Republicans than Independents in California
What was the name of the plan , introduced by Edmund Randolph at the Constitutional Convention , that called for representation in the national legislature based on the population of each state ?
Virginia Plan
Representative Democracy
a government run by elected officials who represent the interests of their constituents
Standing Committees are
a permanent legislative committee that meets regularly and has the power to propose and write legislation that covers a particular subject
Popular sovereignty is
a principle of democracy in which political authority rests ultimately in the hands of the people
Conference Committees are
a special type of joint committee that reconciles different bills passed in the House and Senate so a single bill results
Constitutional government is
a system of rule in which formal and effective limits are placed on the powers of the government
Equality of opportunity is
a widely shared American ideal that all people should have the freedom to use whatever talents . and wealth they have to reach their fullest potential
Majority rule , minority rights " is
all interests in a society should be free to compete for influence over governmental decisions
Pluralism is a theory that says
all interests in a society should be free to compete for influence over governmental decisions
An executive agreement is
an international agreement between the president and another country made by the executive branch and without formal consent by the Senate
The amounts of money approved by Congress in statutes ( bills ) that each unit or agency of government can spend is known as
appropriations
Political efficacy is the belief that
citizens can influence what government does
Article VI of the Constitution ( aka the supremacy clause ) states that
federal law is superior to laws passed by state legislatures
Pork barrel is
federal spending intended to benefit a particular district or set of constituents
Americans ' trust in their government between 1958 and 2013
increased immediately after the attacks on September 11 , 2001 but continued to decline thereafter
Ideologies are sets of beliefs and ideas about politics and society that shape people's perspectives of government . The two major contending political ideologies in America are
liberals and conservatives
American political culture emphasizes the values of
liberty , equality , and democracy
This clause in Art . IV , Sec . 1 of the Constitution requires states to accept court decisions , public acts , and contracts of other states ; also referred to as the comity provision
privileges and immunities clause
Select Committees are
temporary committees whose members are appointed by the Speaker of the House and the presiding officer of the Senate , created to work out a compromise on House and Senate versions of a piece of legislation
Literacy Tests are
tests that required the prospective voter in some states to be able to read a passage of text and answer questions about it ; often used as a way to disenfranchise racial or ethnic minorities
Laissez - faire capitalism is a theory that says
the means of economic production should be privately owned and operated without interference from the government
The median voter theorem states that
the political party adopting the position closest to the median voter will win more votes
Apportionment is
the process by which seats in the House of Representatives are distributed among the fifty states
Political equality is
the right to participate in politics equally , based on the principles of " one person , one vote "
Political science is
the systematic study of government and politics
How many terms may a Governor serve ?
• 2 terms
In this case , the Supreme Court ruled that a school prayer recommended by the State of New York violated the establishment clause of the 1st amendment
• Engel v . Vitale ( 1962 )
In the House and in the Senate , a high leadership position whose primary duty is to enforce voting discipline in the chambers and conferences
• Whip
