POL 201

The United States accounts for about 5% of the world's population but accounts for about how much of the world's military spending?

45%

Realists believe that power is a zero-sum game. This means that

A gain by one actor means a loss by another

Raymond wants to show Della how geographically close the United States and Russia really are. What is the best tool for Raymond to use to do this?

A map projection taken from the perspective of the North Pole

What type of nonstate actor is the International Committee of the Red Cross considered to be?

A nongovernmental organization

Lack of a central authority has hampered attempts to reduce fossil fuel emissions worldwide. This is best an example of which principle of international relations?

Anarchy

Mordor, a major superpower, can do whatever it can get away with to its neighboring country, the much smaller Rohan, because of the lack of global cooperation or central authority. This best illuminates which feature of world politics?

Anarchy

The lack of enforcement authority of the United Nations is an example of the existence of international _____________.

Anarchy

New Atlantica suffers from poor governance, and therefore it has high levels of poverty and slow GDP growth of 1 percent per year. In response, donors have provided New Atlantica with development aid equal to 2 percent of annual GDP. Based on the World Bank's calculations, what is the most likely economic result of providing such aid to New Atlantica?

Annual GDP growth falls to 0.7 percent.

When it comes to national security/interest, liberals tend to

Argue that collective security is the best way to ensure our security

What controversial product is Canada shipping to India?

Asbestos

President George W Bush established a new doctrine, stating that the US can

Attack another country even if they have not attacked us

According to difference feminists, if most of the leader of states were women, international relations would ______________.

Be more peaceful

Thompson's empathy was important in resolving the Cuban Missile Crisis

Because Krushchev needed a face-saving way to withdraw the missiles

What country is NOW the worlds largest CO2 polluter?

China

The primary reason that China has some of the most heavily polluted air in the world is that ______.

China's leaders prioritize economic development over environmental security

According to the lecture (and the NY Times article on the Swiss Insurance Company), if left unchecked,

Climate change could cost the global economy $23 Trillion by 2050

The worst collective outcome in the prisoner's dilemma is _________.

Confessing while your partner confesses

The fact that overwhelming US military power was successful in Japan in World War II, but unsuccessful in Vietnam, demonstrates the ____________ of power.

Context-dependent nature

War has largely shifted from _____ to _____ in the last fifty years.

Conventional; Unconventional

The European Union has fulfilled the hopes of its founders by ______.

Converting previously warring states into economic trading partners

The most powerful part part of the European Union government is the

Council of the European Union.

International law and international organization are two primary ways that world political entities try to ______.

Create international security through cooperation

As illustrated in the Life & Debt clip, the IMF and other lending institutions used what tactic to get Jamaica to lower tariffs?

Cross-conditionalities

Three central elements of theory are ________________.

Description, explanation, and prediction

What did the Kyoto Protocol say about developing countries?

Developing countries were encouraged, but not required, to reduce emissions.

According to recent studies, in autocratic countries, development aid has what affect on economic growth?

Development aid in autocratic countries has little relationship to economic growth

Ian is going to apply political theory in several projects for his international relations class. One important point Ian needs to remember is that he

Does not have to adhere to only one theoretical approach for different situations

Though proven not to be true in all cases, the "Golden Arches" theory exemplifies which political effect of globalization?

Economic and cultural linkages reduce the threat of war.

Roesler argues that the EU is a (n)

Economic giant, a political dwarf; military worm

What was the goal of the sanctions imposed against Iran?

Encourage Iran to give up developing nuclear weapons

The Magna Carta, Declaration of Independence, and US Constitution espoused which type of rights?

First-generation rights

When looking at the causes of war, someone who argues that the US went to war in Vietnam and Iraq because George Bush and Lyndon Johnson were war-mongers

Focuses on an individual leaders characteristic

According to the NOW clip on Why we fight, why is part of the B2 bomber made in so many different states?

For political engineering, to ensure that Congress continues to fund it

Barbers use of the term McWorld to describe international political, economic, and social integration might also be characterized as ____________

Globalism

Explain how EITHER the forces of "McWorld" OR tribalism "jihad" are weakening the power of states. Be sure to give an example.

Globalization- international regimes; Greece has to make budget cuts; Responsible sovereignty movement. UN intervention to protect human rights. Jihad- ethnic/religious rivalries. (Syria; autonomy movements)

What is the primary difference between the political and economic perspectives on national borders?

Governments want to preserve and protect borders; businesses want to eliminate them.

In the movie Casablanca, Rick represents traditional (stereotypical) pre-WWII American views in that

He favored isolationism

Based on your reading, which of the following BEST explains Kiesling's view on the 2003 invasion of Iraq?

He was opposed to the invasion because it would be incompatible with American values and with American interests

Which of the following have Islamist terrorists pointed out as an example of Western corruption?

Hollywood movies

If you were playing a one-time Prisoner's Dilemma game, what would your "obvious" choice be? How would it differ if you knew you would play the "game" repeatedly?

In a single game, best short-term outcome: Not cooperate. In repeated games, there is benefit to cooperation since you want to work together in future rounds; explain how it relates to IR.

If LDCs were to develop their economies to the level of EDC, then the global emissions of CO2 would

Increase dramatically.

The prisoner's dilemma and the stag hunt demonstrate the ____________.

Inherent conflict between collective and individual interests

Action in one place can affect people in other places because the world is increasingly _____________

Interconnected

Liberal theorists believe that systemic causes for war can be reduced through ______.

Interdependence

If Jillian's country is unable to make payments on the debt it owes to another country, which international organization would be most likely to provide assistance to Jillian's country?

International Monetary Fund

How does international law differ from domestic law?

International law lacks a central enforcement authority.

The "Oil for Food Programme" was set up to soften the impact of sanctions against which country?

Iraq

A major trade war in the 1920s had what effect on global trade?

It dramatically slowed global trade.

Why did former Venezuelan Oil Minister Pérez Alfonzo refer to oil as "the devil's excrement?"

It generally creates economic problems for countries where it is found.

Based on the Newsweek article by Dahlia Lithwick, what has been the impact of the television show "24" on the public perception of torture?

It has given Americans, including Justice Scalia, a false impression that torture actually works

According to Robert Pape, which is true regarding terrorism?

It is a tactic used by the weak against the strong

Which belief contributes to the widespread use of the realist perspective?

It is the simplest theory of world politics

In 2012, the US took what action regarding UNESCO, an organization whose mission is to promote peace & alleviate poverty?

It stopped all aid to UNESCO because it allowed Palestine to join the organization

Multi-National Corporations (MNCs) often set up waste dumping operations in Less Developed Countries (LDCs) because

LDCs have fewer environmental regulations.

How has the World Bank approach to international development changed since its founding?

Loans now focus on sustainability and local culture rather than solely on growth.

What term does Barber use to describe the ways in which transnationalism leads to greater global homogenization?

McWorld

According to King Frederick, Diplomacy without arms is like _______."

Music without instruments

Japan, a geographically defined country that has both sovereignty and is largely composed of people who share a collective identity, is considered a ________

Nation-state

Individuals and groups of particular ethnic/cultural identity who engage in terrorism in pursuit of the interests of their ethnic group are known as ______ terrorists.

Nationalist

William Easterly in The Ideology of Development argues that

No one approach to development works for everyone

The major difference between the Westphalian and Neo-Westphalian systems is

Non-state actors increased in importance in the Neo-Westphalian system.

Regular patterns of behavior are referred to as ________.

Norms

According to realpolitik (realist political thought),

Power is the most important consideration in international relations

Based on Mearsheimers Colbert Report interview, Mearsheimer & Walt argue that

Pro-Israel interest groups have a great deal of influence on Americas foreign policy

European restrictions on importing American hormone-fed beef in order to boost sales of domestically-raised beef is an example of

Protectionism

People who adhere to which theory would be most opposed to the creation of the International Criminal Court?

Realism

The quote "all states are either preparing for, recovering from, or engaged in war" is most compatible with which theoretical approach?

Realism

Which theoretical approach is most likely to view international organizations as instruments of states seeking to advance their interests?

Realism

What is the primary difference between the realist and liberal views of alliances?

Realists view them as temporary conveniences, liberals view them as permanent and based on common values.

President Trump withdrew the US from the Paris Accord (which Biden reentered in 2021). Which of the following statements would be most accurate of Trump's views of the Paris Accord?

Reducing emissions in the United States will make it more expensive for companies to operate here, which will lead to too many US workers losing their jobs.

How does Roesler explain the rise in religious fundamentalism in Islam?

Religiosity is heightened among vulnerable populations living under a sense of siege

When India takes steps to strengthen its military, its neighbor and rival Pakistan feels that it must take similar steps. The end result is that both states have more powerful militaries but are also less secure than they were before. This is an example of

Security dilemma

US forces easily defeated Iraq's military, but faced terrible losses in the guerrilla campaign afterward. This illustrates

Situational power

US military actions in the Middle East against Al-Qaeda and ISIL are defined by the US as a legitimate fight against terrorists; however, US action is viewed by Al Qaeda and ISIL as a war against Islam. This is an example of

Social Construction

The change in the way that Catholic and Protestant Irish people perceived one another - from bitter enemy to cordial opponent- is an example of

Social construction

As illustrated in the DC-9/11 clip, in 2002, Colin Powell argued that invading Iraq would harm our national security by damaging America's standing with our allies. His argument stresses the importance of

Soft power

Why are storms becoming more intense, on average?

Taken as a whole, the earth's oceans are warming.

How is the American Convention on Human Rights different from the European Convention on Human Rights?

The American convention allows capital punishment; the European convention bans capital punishment.

Which of the following is correct regarding the Geneva Conventions, according to Steven Ratner?

The Conventions are obsolete

Based on the Fog of War clip on Empathy and North Vietnam, which of the following is NOT accurate regarding the intentions of North Vietnam and the US?

The North Vietnamese believed we were seeking to replace France as their new colonial masters

What differentiates the P5 members of the United Nations Security Council from the other ten members?

The P5 are permanent members of the Council; the other members are elected to two-year terms.

How is the Peters Projection different from the traditional maps of the world?

The Peters more accurately represents the size of the countries

The human rights crisis that Rohingya refugees face is the result of which factor?

The Rohingya are Muslims living in a primarily Buddhists country whose leaders are engaging in what is called "ethnic cleansing."

The year 1648 represents a dividing line in European history because

The Thirty Years' War ended that year. bringing with it a new template for relation in the international system.

How do the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) and the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) differ in terms of representation and influence?

The UNGA represents the most number of states, but its decisions are rarely binding. The UNSC represents a small fraction of the world's states but is one of the most powerful international organizations.

According to the Daily Show clip on Romney & Obama's foreign policy debate,

The candidates have essentially the same foreign policy

The permanent members of the Security Council represent

The five biggest powers at the time of the creation of the United Nations.

According to the lecture, one of the most important factors that has made it difficult to establish as functioning state in Afghanistan is

The presence of many different nationalities within the border of the state.

During the Cold War, the United States gave military aid to anticommunist countries and countries bordering Communist areas. This best exemplifies which determinant of military aid?

The recipient country must have strategic value.

In an asymmetric war, which group typically engages in unconventional tactics?

The smaller or weaker group

One analogy that is often made is between using theory and wearing sunglasses. This is a logical analogy because

Theory allows you to filter out unnecessary facts and focus on the relevant ones.

How are the United Nations and the African Union alike and different?

They are alike in being multiple-issue organizations. They are different in that the United Nations is a global organization, while the African Union is a regional organization.

According to the 60 Minutes episode Zions Christian Soldiers, what is the goal of Christian Fundamentalists regarding Americas Middle East policy?

They are pushing the US to take Israels side in a war against Islam

Which of the following best summarizes the typical reaction of leaders in states targeted by sanctions?

They tighten their grip on power and become more authoritarian.

The International Criminal Court recommended investigating the use of torture committed by ______ forces in Afghanistan.

US

How does the "fog of war" affect the idea of using cost-benefit analysis to justify war?

War is so complicated that we cannot know the outcome.

What is the relationship between current global climate change trends and sea levels?

Warming temperatures are causing ice on land to melt and sea levels to rise.

According to the laws of war, the 2000 attack on the USS Cole when refueling was NOT an act of terrorism because the Cole

Was a military target

Castro argued that it ________ "rational" for Castro to urge Khrushchev to use Nukes because __________________.

Was; only a real threat of use would deter a US invasion of Cuba

Microcredit tends to benefit which of the following groups the most?

Women

What does the BBC article and Fred Pearce (in the Daily Show clip) point out regarding global population?

Women worldwide are having about ½ as many children as previous generations

According to Marx, modern societies are divided into

Workers and capitalists classes

A bipolar system was created in the wake (aftermath) of ___________

World War II

Yolanda and Olga live in different countries that have identical average GDP per capita, but people in Yolanda's country have average life expectancies and educational levels that are several years higher than Olga's country. What is the most likely reason for this?

Yolanda's country has a more equal wealth distribution.

Which of the following types of country is most likely to receive development aid from the United States?

a poor country with a large US military presence

The Prisoner's Dilemma illustrates

a situation in which individuals could derive greater benefits by cooperating but they fail to cooperate because they wish to avoid the worst outcome.

Based on the Chandrasekaran ("Imperial Life in the Emerald City") interview on the Daily Show, what is NOT true about Iraq during the occupation? a.) All of these are true b.)They hired someone to help rebuild the interior ministry whose most meaningful job had been an ice-cream truck driver c.) Half of the people who went to work for the coalition provisional authority had to apple for their first passport d.) Americans who wanted to work in Iraq were asked who they voted for in the 2004 Presidential Election and their views on Roe v. Wade e.) We sent a 24 year old who never worked in finance to open the stock exchange

a.) All of these are true

Which of the following is a condition necessary to be considered a state? a.) Its government possess sovereignty b.) It has a military c.) It has its won currency d.) It is a member of the United Nations e.) A majority of its population comes from the same ethnic group

a.) Its government possess sovereignty

Which of the following organizations formed the initial core of the eventual European Union? a.) The European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC). b.) The European Economic Community (EEC). c.) The European Atomic Energy Agency (EURATOM). d.) The European Monetary Union (EMU). e.) The Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE).

a.) The European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC).

Michael Scheuer, former CIA counter-terrorism agent interviewed on Colbert, believes that the American people are being attacked by terrorists because of all of the following EXCEPT: a.) They hate our freedom b.) All of these are reasons why we are a target c.) Our support for Israel d.) Our support for Arab tyrannical governments

a.) The hate our freedom

Which of the following is NOT a typical condition associated with an IMF loan? a.) all of these are typical conditions placed on an IMF loan b.) Government budget deficits must be reduced. c.) State-run enterprises must be privatized. d.) Trade barriers must be reduced or eliminated.

a.) all of these are typical conditions placed on an IMF loan

The British exit from the European Union (Brexit) can be seen as a victory for which of the following groups or ideas? a. ) The so-called Nanny State b.) Economic nationalists c.) Arms control and disarmament d.) NATO

b.) Economic nationalists

Which of the following statements accurately describes war since 1945? a.) The major powers have increasingly used precise smart weapons to battle each other in conventional wars. b.) The major powers have avoided large-scale conflict because of the deadly power of nuclear weapons c.) The world has known several decades of peace because of the deadly power of nuclear weapons. d.) Smart weapons increased the number fo civilian deaths.

b.) The major powers have avoided large-scale conflict because of the deadly power of nuclear weapons.

A coffee company that wanted to participate in the "fair trade" movement would be most likely to take which of the following steps? a.) lobbying the federal government to enact tariffs on imported coffee b.) raising prices to increase pay for foreign coffee farmers c.) demanding special tax breaks from foreign governments d.) outsourcing coffee production to a country with very low wages

b.) raising prices to increase pay for foreign coffee farmers

Which of the following most closely represents the arguments made by Richard Perle in the assigned reading? a.) It was vitally important to secure the backing of the international community before invading Iraq b.) The UN is an outdated institution that is incapable of promoting real collective security c.) International law limits our foes far more than it constraints us d.) The recent war against Iraq not only violated international law but went against our national interests

b.) the UN is an outdates institution that is incapable of promoting real collective security

Based on the trend in global temperatures measured between 2000 and 2016, the most likely prediction is that average global temperatures will ______ between 2017 and 2027.

be among the highest ever recorded

As illustrated in the NBC news clip, China faces pollution because it generates much of its electrical power through

burning coal.

Which is true regarding the US drone program in Pakistan? a.) Drone attacks have creates a lot of anger at the US b.) US drone strikes repeatedly violates Pakistani sovereignty c.) All of these are accurate d.) It has killed hundred of terrorists

c.) All of these are accurate

Which if the following is an example of a supranational regime? a.) Education International b.) Oxfam c.) European Union d.) United Kingdom

c.) European Union

According to the lecture, which of the following is NOT a problem with Realpolitik (Realism)? a.) Power is often issue- or situation- specific b.) It assumes states are rational c.) It is discredited and is not used by policy-makers d.) It is difficult to define & measure power e.) It is too simplistic

c.) It is discredited and is not used by policy-makers

Which of the following statements best exemplifies the idea of a "capitalist peace?" a.) Small nations pay more powerful states for protection. b.) Hefty fines against aggressors are the best deterrent. c.) Strong economic ties help reduce the risk of conflict between nations. d.) Free trade makes states more likely to engage in trade wars than military conflicts.

c.) Strong economic ties help reduce the risk of conflict between nations.

The International Criminal Court has focused on cases involving the use of ______ in African conflicts.

child soldiers

Which of the following groups views international law as a means to increase security and build trust among states?

constructivists

The Trans-Pacific Partnership was intended to

counter the attempt by China's government to create its now set of trade rules for the region.

The idea that rights are not universal and are society-specific is known as

cultural relativism

A heavily indebted country recently turned to the International Monetary Fund (IMF) for assistance rescheduling its debt payments. Which of the following conditions is the IMF most likely to attach to its loan?

cut spending on education and public health

Greenhouse gases emissions have risen because a.) fossil fuel consumption has risen globally. b.) forest land has decreased. c.) agriculture has stimulated increased methane production. d.) all of the above

d.) All of the above

Which of the following are examples of when the US used moral justifications in its foreign policy? a.) Stop the spread of communism b.) Wilson's pledge to make the world "safe for democracy" c.) Manifest destiny d.) All of these are correct

d.) All of these are correct

According to the Daily Show interview Allison Stanger, what of the following is NOT a problem with using contractors in Afghanistan? a.) Using contractors encourages politicians to go to war since it allows us to fight wars without a draft b.) Huge amounts of money given to contractors ends up in the hands of the Taliban c.) Contractors are typically paid three times as much as our own soldiers d.) All of these are true

d.) All of these are true

Roesler's lecture points out that states benefits from IGOs? Which of the following is a way that states benefit from IGOs? a.) IGOs make it easier/less costly for states to cooperate b.) IGOs collect data for all states to avoid duplicating efforts c.) IGOs ensure that other states are fulfilling their obligations d.) All of these ways that states benefit from IGOs

d.) All of these ways that states benefit from IGOs

Which of the following is an argument most likely to be made by realists? a.) Countries that are trading partners are less likely to have conflicts with each other. b.) If you eliminate weapons, security will improve. c.) The best way to avoid conflict is to mind your own business. d.) Conflict is inevitable, so states must devote resources to increasing military power.

d.) Conflict is inevitable, so states must devote resources to increasing military power.

Based on the Daily Show clip "Big Bang Treaty," which is NOT true of Obama's approach to nuclear weapons when compared with Reagan's? a.) All of these are correct b.) Obama proposed that the US won't threaten to use nukes against non-nuclear countries c.) Obama's START proposal was to reduce nuclear warheads by 1/3 d.) Reagan refused to reduce the number of nuclear warheads

d.) Reagin refused to reduce the number of nuclear warheads

Which is an example of an international government organization? a.) American Friends Service Committee b.) IBM c.) International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War d.) United Nations

d.) United Nations

Which of the following is NOT an instrument used by governments to restrict trade? a.) tariffs b.) quotas c.)health and safety standards d.) all of these are tools used by governments to restrict trade

d.) all of these are tools used by governments to restrict trade

All of the following fit the Western tradition of jus ad bellum except a.) War as a last resort. b.) Fighting to bring about peace. c.) Fighting in self-defense. d.) Fighting to preempt or anticipate a possible future threat.

d.) fighting to preempt or anticipate a possible future threat

Democratic peace theory contends that

democracies will go to war, but generally not with other democracies.

The economic theory that argues that the world is divided into core and periphery countries is

dependency theory.

As trees are cut down, less rain is generated. Less rain leads to harder and drier ground, which reflects more heat into the air. The process leads to

desertification

Collective security arrangements are designed to provide

deterrence through the promise of mutual protection.

Which is NOT accurate (based on the NPR cartoon) about Carbon? a.) breaking carbon releases energy used in civilization b.) once you break up Carbon bonds, c.) Carbon often bonds with two Oxygen atoms c.) Trees and Oceans act as "carbon sinks" d.) CO2 molecules heats up when sunlight hits it e.) all of these are accurate

e.) All of these are accurate

According to the lecture and Colbert, America's major exports include all of the following EXCEPT: a.) Scrap b.) Trash c.) Weapons d.) Teargas e.) Solar panels

e.) Solar panels

The economic policy, used by Japan and South Korea, that focused less on protecting domestic producers and more on producing goods to sell to other countries is ______.

export-led growth

NATO intervened in Kosovo for humanitarian reasons and for the members' national self-interest. The latter includes

fear of refugees from the conflict fleeing to Western Europe for asylum.

The International Criminal Court has jurisdiction over

genocide and other systematic crimes carried out as official policy during wars.

In particular, the "Beijing Consensus" emphasized a stronger role for ______.

governments

According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, ______.

human activity has made the current cycle of climate change more extreme

Germany suffered from ____ in the years after World War I. At times the price of bread would increase ten times its amount over the course of a single day.

hyperinflation

Which of the following is a condition often attached to loans from the World Bank?

implementing free-market reforms

The policy-setters in Miguel's developing country decided to create an economic policy that would eliminate most imports. This would allow domestic producers to fulfill all of the country's manufacturing needs, and they would eventually grow large enough to begin exporting sizable quantities of goods. Which approach did these leaders take?

import substitution industrialization

Economic approaches to reducing the birthrate place great emphasis on

improving the economic status of women

Aid that is given so that the recipient can purchase military equipment serves two main purposes: supplying the recipient with weapons and ______.

increasing business for arms producers in the donor country

Which of the following best explains China's approach to solving its energy needs?

it is now the largest manufacturer of solar panels

About what amount of the U.S. budget is allocated to foreign aid?

less than .5 percent of the budget

According to the Washington Consensus, innovation is promoted by ______.

limiting economic regulation

According to the dependency theory, foreign investment and ownership of property and resources by wealthy countries in poor countries _____________.

made it impossible for poor countries to develop into modern economies

The Airbus company, a joint venture by the governments of Great Britain, Germany, and France, is an example of which type of economic policy in action?

mercantilism

The __________ tradition focuses on the ability of states to be economically independent, a condition often called "economic nationalism."

mercantilist

If a rancher cuts down 20 acres of forest so he will have space to increase the size of his cattle herd, ______ emissions will likely increase.

methane

Development is blocked mainly by authoritarian traditions and local rulers who abuse their subjects. This statement would most likely be endorsed by a(n):

modernization theorist

Which of the following is NOT an indisputable fact regarding global climate change? In other words, what is NOT a fact, but is disputed by a few scientists?

none of these are disputed among the scientific community

Countries that place safety restrictions on what can be imported are engaging in a form of a(n)

nontariff barrier

The main reason that deforestation continues in many developing countries is that ______.

people living in poverty find it difficult to pass up the economic gains that deforestation can provide

The international community rarely acts on human rights cases unless __________ is engaged.

public opinion

The Big Mac Index relates to ______.

purchasing power parity

About how often do sanctions meet their goals at a modest or greater level?

rarely

Some analysts, especially ________ view international "law" as not really law, but merely suggestions that states agree to follow out of convenience is most consistent with which theoretical approach?

realists

Which is NOT true regarding development projects?

small scale (micro) lending is NOT effective at reducing poverty

By agreeing to abide by the rulings of the World Trade Organization, member states sacrifice part of their

sovereignty.

The scenario that involves someone choosing between providing food for himself or herself versus helping a group procure food is known as the ________.

stag hunt

Which level of analysis is concerned with how a country's political structure and the political forces and subnational actors within the country cause its government to decide to adopt one or another foreign policy?

state-level analysis

Which of the following is the most common type of financial sanction?

subsidizing exports from the sending country to undercut industries in the target country

Anarchy and globalization are factors reviewed in the _________ level of analysis.

systemic

According to world systems theory, states at higher levels of development tend to ______ states at lower levels of development.

take advantage of

Humans have always had an impact on their environment, but that impact rose dramatically beginning with ______.

the Industrial Revolution

The biggest provider of military aid in the world is

the United States.

One important determinant of how much humanitarian aid a country receives is

the amount of media coverage.

Which of the following is NOT a source of criticism for the UN Security Council?

the equal-vote formula allows developing countries to outvote the US and its allies

One of the major factors affecting the success of humanitarian aid is

the level of corruption of the receiving country.

Because the use of military force to resolve international disputes on a global scale is costly, the world ends up being policed by the few large states with the capacity to impose such force globally. A major problem with this horizontal enforcement approach is that ______.

the most powerful states act out of self-interest rather than in the interests of the international community

The giant floating garbage dumps in the Pacific Ocean are unlikely to be cleaned up or properly disposed. This best illustrates what concept?

the tragedy of the commons

Leadership of the World Bank and International Monetary Fund is determined by ______.

the wealth and contributions of member states

We use __________ to simplify the complexity of reality and to explain and predict events in world politics.

theories

The ICC was created to prosecute the world's worst criminals. According to (Bush Administration) UN Ambassador Bolton, the US objective regarding the ICC should be

to undermine the ICC so that it will wither and collapse

The primary goal of US sanctions against Cuba was to ______.

topple the Cuban government

The primary sources of international law are ______.

treaties and custom

The countries that signed the Paris Climate Accord committed to ______.

try and hold the increase in the global average temperature to well below two degrees Celsius above preindustrial levels

The leadership structure of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank ensure that ______.

wealthy countries have strong influence over the organizations

According to Harold Lasswell's classic book, politics is

who gets what, when and how