POLS-Y103
Senators are less insulated from election forces than previously
A result of the "permanent campaign" is that
hear appeals from lower courts
Appellate jurisdiction refers to the court's power to
Vesting Clause
Article II, Section 1 is the foundation of the presidents constitutional authority. It is known as the
standing
At the outset of a case, judges determine whether the person filling the case has a legitimate basis for bringing it; this is called
Department of Defense
Civilian control over the military resides in the
Loyalty to a President
For most people appointed to the Exec. Office of the President (EOP), the primary consideration in selecting them is their
activism
In Lawrence v. Texas, The supreme court struck down a law banning sodomy in Texas. This is an example of judicial _____.
The Pendleton Civil Service Act
In response to demands for more professional in the delivery of government services, Congress enacted....
by filing an amicus curiae belief
Interest groups are most likely to be involved in the supreme court's legal process in which way?
idealism
Intervening in Iraq with the stated goal of spreading democracy is most consistent with which approach
plea bargain
Is a plaintiff and defendant settle a case before it goes to trial of a verdict is reached, this is called a
a court's area of authority
Jurisdiction refers to
Statutory
Laws enacted by Congress provide the president with ________ authority
realism
Mordor attacks its neighboring country of gender in order to gain more land and power, this is an example of which foreign policy theory in action
Politico
Most positions are likely to describe their representational style as that of a(n)
Executive Office of the President
National Security Council is located within the
Increased
Over the past 50 years, party unity in Congress has
Logrolling
Pork- barrel spending is most often associated with which norm in Congress
foreign policy
President Monroe, Tyler and Polk all made major lasting decisions in which policy realm, the area where presidents have the most authority
Signing Statement
President Obama issues a document when signing a new bill into law that specifies how he interprets the meaning of the law. This is an example of a
allow the president to bypass Senate confirmation temporarily
Recess appointments
The Cabinet
The 15 executive department heads who help the president implement policy make up what office
National Interests
The Founder's viewed the Senate as the more likely of the two house to debate and act for
created a system of federal court's
The Judiciary Act of 1789
impeaching the president
The MOST extreme response that congress can take to try to control the president is
Monroe Doctrine
The U.S. declared its neutrality in wars between major European powers in the
Multilateral
The document creating the North Atlantic Treaty organization is an example of a ______ agreement
state
The federal department responsible for diplomacy is
Lyndon Johnson
The great society occurred under whose presidency
Supreme Court Appointments
The president is able to act unilaterally through the use of all of the following EXCEPT
State
The president represents the country symbolically and politically through his or her role as the head of?
National Security Council
Which of the following is the principal foreign policy agency within the Executive office of the presidential (EOP)
The house votes to impeach the President, and the Senate conducts a trial to decide if the president should be removed from office
Which of the following statements about the presidential impeachment process is true
Appointing important bureaucrats
Which one of the following is NOT a way that Congress exerts control over the bureaucracy
The world trade organization
Which org. is responsible for facilitating negotiations over tariffs and adjudicating cases about improper uses of tariffs
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
Which organization was formed to combat the Soviet Union?
Logrolling
Which part is not a part of the electoral election
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Which president threatened to pack the court with justices who would support his policies
judicial review
as the power of _____ _____ has evolved, it has become a central part of the system, of checks and balances
unilateral
certain U.S. actions, such as drone attacks, that are taken in Pakistan without the consultation of our allies are examples of what actions
The supreme courts original jurisdiction
congress may challenge all of the following except
they provide job security
how do bureaucrats benefit from civil service regulations
it does not have civil service protections
how is a senior executive service position different from other bureaucratic positions
Four
how many justices must agree to hear a case in order for it to be granted a writ of certiorari
To protect their budgets, bureaucrats will be responsive to political pressures from congress
most members of congress lack policy expertise. Why do bureaucrats respond to political pressures from Congress?
the soviet union
much of the second half of the twentieth century saw the united states in the cold war with what country
lowering tariff rates
over the last two generations, the united states and most other nations have been ....
gotten larger
over time the bureaucracy has...
campaign workers and donors are rewarded for their service by being appointed to these agencies
some government agencies have the reputation of being "turkey farms", meaning that
Executive Agreements
take place between the executive branch and a foreign government and can be reversed by subsequent presidents
notice-and-comment
the federal register is used to publish potential regulations during which step in the rule-making process?
Independent agencies
the federal reserve and federal deposit insurance corporation (FDIC) are examples of
expanded
the great society _______ voting rights and civil rights laws
The principal-agent game
the interaction between the president, who needs something done, and a bureaucrat, who is responsible for carrying out the president's orders, is called
33
About how many Senate seats are in contest in any given election
fire the low-level staff
Congress can of any of the following the correct a wayward bureaucracy EXCEPT
statutory interpretation
Congress can overturn certain Supreme Court decisions merely by passing a new law, They can do this in cases of
A pocket veto
Congress passes a bill and adjourns, and the president does not respond to the bill. The bill then dies. What is this called?
435
How many House Seats are in contest in any given election
The president can influence the legislative process in congress
What is the purpose of the presidents using the veto as threat?
Laws enacted by Congress
What is the source of the president's statutory authority?
intergovernmental organization
the world bank is an example of
judicial review
when the supreme court strikes down a congressional or state law it engages in
Senate
which body of the american government is responsible for ratifying treaties
The united States
which country has the worlds largest military
solicitor general
which figure argues cases on behalf of the federal government before the supreme court
office of management and budget
which group is responsible for monitoring government spending and preparing the presidents annual spending proposal
diplomacy
which of the following approaches to foreign relations is generally considered the most peaceful
several countries developing their own nuclear weapons
which of the following developments is generally credited with once again putting weapons of mass destruction (WMDS) on the American foreign policy agenda
using standardized procedures in the monitoring of agency behavior
which of the following is a common strategy for preventing bureaucratic drift
interviewing bureaucratic personnel
which of the following is an example of a member of congress performing police patrol oversight
writ of certiorari
which of the following is the most common path that a case takes to get to the supreme court
the president
which player is the most dominant in establishing american foreign policy
an interest group
who's most likely to submit an amicus curiae brief
plea bargin
A negotiated agreement in a criminal case in which a defendant agrees to tell the court that he or she is guilty in return for the states agreement to reduce the severity of the criminal charge or prison sentence the defendant is facing is known as
class-action suit
A(n) _______ _____ _______ is a legal action by which a group of individuals with common interests can file a suit on behalf of everyone who shares that interest
Gerrymandering
Attempts to use the redistributing process for political advantage are called
Judiciary Act of 1789
Basic details about the federal court system, such as the creation of district courts and the size of the Supreme Court, are found in what document
defendant
Biblio is arrested for theft. he is charged by the courts and the case goes to trial. In this example Biblio is the
Large versus smal states
Congress's bicameral structure reflects an attempt to reconcile which competing interests of the early nation?
Logrolling
Congressman Ramsey votes for a farming bill that Congressman Walcott cares about in exchange for Congressman Walcott voting for a housing bill that Congressman Ramsey supports. This is an example of what norm
Seniority
Generally leadership on committees in Congress is determined by which norm
Hold a marginal seat
If a legislator is elected with less than 55 percent of the vote, he or she is said to
precedent
In a similar previous case the court ruled for the plaintiff. The court will now consider that previous ruling in deciding how to deal with the current case. This is an example of
Foreign policy
James Monroe's "Monroe Doctrine" demonstrates the important role that early presidents played in what area?
Specialization
John Lewis, a representative from Georgia, has become an expert on civil rights. This is an example of which norm in Congress
More influential
Modern Vice Presidents are more influential than their predecessors
Districts are approximately equal in position
Officially, state legislatures re draw district boundaries every 10 years to ensure that
Franklin Delano Roosevelt
One of the biggest expansions in presidential power came from 1930's under whose leadership, especially as part of his New Deal initiatives
Grow
Over the course of American history, presidential power has generally tended to...
Apportionment
Over the past 30 years, states in the upper Midwest and Northeast have steadily lost seats in the House of Representatives to states in the South and West. This is part of which process that takes place every 10 years.
Gridlock
Partisan conflict in congress in recent years has led to an inability to enact legislation on important issues a condition known as
Descriptive
Representation involves sharing characteristics such as race, ethnicity, gender, or religion with one's constituents
Decreased consistently
Since the 1960's, the number of marginal seats in Congress has
Presidential power has greatly expanded since the time of George Washington
Since the founding of the nation, what has been the trend in presidential power?
2
The American Congress has how many chambers
remain neutral in wars between European powers
The Monroe Doctrine stated that the united states would
multilateral agreement
The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) is an example of
Bilateral
The U.S. signs an agreement with columbia to help reduce trade barriers between the two nations. This is an example of _______ agreement or treaty
sanction
The United States has put in place restrictions on what kinds of trade business can do with Iran. This is an example of
judicial restraint
The ______ ______ approach to deciding Supreme court cases says that justices should attempt to defer to the elected branches of government and not contradict their actions
The united states would use military force to eliminate potential threats before they could be put in motion
The bush doctrine stated that
Speaker of The House
The head of the House of Representatives is known as the
internationalism
The idea that a country should be involved in the affairs of other nations is known as what?
frequency of reelection
The incumbency advantage specifically refers to incumbent politicians
fire alarm
The method of oversight where by members of congress respond to complaints about the bureaucracy of problems of implementation only as they arise is known as ___ ____ oversight
Majority Leader
The most powerful member in the Senate is known as the
oversight
The process by which congress monitors the bureaucracy is known as
Marbury v. Madison
The supreme court's power of judicial review was established as a result of ------
IGOS
The united nations, the IMF, and the world bank are all examples of
The United Nations
This organization, which includes representation from virtually all of the world's countries, contains a special body known as the security council
take into account evolving national attitudes in interpreting the document
Those who believe in a living constitution
appealing directly to the people to gain support for his or her programs
What constitutes the presidents tactic of "going public"
the legitimate justification for bringing a civil case to court
What does the term standing refer to
a civil lawsuit brought by a group of individuals
What is a class-action lawsuit?
The Federal Reserve
What is an example of an independent agency
A proclamation by the president that changes policy without congressional appeal
What is an executive order
Members of congress respond to complaints about the bureaucracy as they arise
What is fire alarm oversight in Congress
having a veto over potential legislation
What makes the president an active player in the legislative process?
passage of the Pendleton Act in 1883
What marked a shift in the history of the bureaucracy from the dominance of the spoils system to the widespread use of merit system
The increasing importance of national security issues
What trend has allowed the president to assume a more central policy-making role
War Powers Resolution
What was the name of the legislation that required presidents to seek congressional approval for major military operations around the world
Casework
What your congressman can do to help you with government-related issues
during periods of divided government
When are veto MOST likely to occur
Article II of the Confederation
Where is the vesting clause found?
The Senate
Which House of Congress did the Founders envision as being the more responsible one, with the greater concern about national, rather than local, interests?
Andrew Jackson
Which President expanded use of the spoils system as of the federal gove. began to perform more tasks
secretary of defense
Which of the following is a cabinet position that is subject to Senate approval
the reelection goals of the president
Which of the following is a major goal for all staffers of the Executive Office of the president in his or hers first term
Pork-barrel- policies
Which of the following is closely associated with credit claiming
amicus curiae
Which of the following is not a criterion by which the supreme court decides whether to hear a case
George W. Bush
Which presidents doctrine says that force can be used preemptively to prevent a future attack
Standing
Which type of committee is the most permanent
Reelection
While members of congress hold many goals, while in office, for most the primary goal is
They produce better policy outcomes
Why do we have civil service regulations
It encourages trust in the system among various demographic groups
Why is promoting descriptive representation valuable in itself
to help spread the cause of peace
Why was the United Nations created?
Trustee
With longer terms and a broader consistency, members of the Senate are more likely than members go the House to adopt which approach to representation
Red tape
____ ____ refers to the excessive or unnecessarily complex regulations that often guide bureaucratic behavior.
Executive agreements
______ ______ take place between the executive branch and a foreign government. They can be reversed by subsequent presidents
political loyalty, party organization
the spoils system was characterized by placing priority on _____ _____, which was particularly useful_________ _______
It plays an active role
these days, what role does the senate play in confirming judges?
strict constitution
those who believe that we should go by the exact words written in the constitution are known as
political and party loyalty
under the spoils system, what were the highest priorities of the bureaucracy
prior cases whose principles are used by judges as the basis for their decisions in a present case
what are legal precedents
You guarantee them the lowest tariff rates you give to any country
what does it mean to give a country "most-favored national status"
A collaborative process in which the final wording of a bill is determined
what is the markup as it relates to Congress
creating the presidents annual budget proposal to congress, reviewing proposed rules, and other budget-related tasks
what sis the function of the office of management and budget
the bureaucracy
who is the agent in a principal-agent game as applied to the bureaucracy
pardons allow presidential appointees to act with impunity
why are presidential pardons sometimes controversial
to protect domestic industry jobs and profits
why would a country put a tariff on imported goods