Post-Polio PowerPoint

Crutches, w/c, walkers, etc. a. Bed mobilization techniques b. Pulmonary rehabilitation c. Cardiopulmonary endurance training d. Assistive device training e. Bracing and adaptive equipment education f. Hydrotherapy

d. Assistive device training

This person can evaluate and manage respiratory dysfunction and sleep dysfunction. a. Physiatry (physical medicine and rehabilitation) b. Occupational Therapy c. Speech pathology d. Pulmonologist e. Psychology

d. Pulmonologist

-95% of motor neurons are infected in an average acute infection, with a 50% chance of neuron death afterwards. There is frequent segmental involvement, accounting for the lack of symmetry of weakness. What does infection involve? a. anterior horns in the spinal cord, intermediolateral horns, and dorsal root ganglia b. motor cortex, hypothalamus, and globus-pallidus c. brainstem nuclei, reticular formation, cerebellar roof nuclei, and vermis d. all the above

d. all the above

What is a common clinical presentation of Post-Polio Syndrome? a. Absence of LE involvement b. Fatigue, pain, and weakness c. New Atrophy, causing ADL difficulties, and functional loss. (Walking, Climbing Stairs, and Dressing) d. all the above

d. all the above

-Patients with PPS can suffer from weakness of the respiratory muscles, have a high incidence of sleep disturbances with poor sleep quality, and frequent awakenings which may be d/t several factors. Many of these patients have reported some new difficulty with eating or swallowing. What respiratory weakness is likely? a. diaphragm b. ribcage c. SCM d. both a and b

d. both a and b

PPS is rarely life-threatening, but severe muscle weakness can lead to? a. Falls b. Malnutrition, dehydration, and pneumonia c. Broken bones d. both a and b

d. both a and b

For joint instability a. Bed mobilization techniques b. Pulmonary rehabilitation c. Cardiopulmonary endurance training d. Assistive device training e. Bracing and adaptive equipment education f. Hydrotherapy

e. Bracing and adaptive equipment education

This person can evaluate and counsel, regarding reactive depression, coping strategies, pain management, and life-style adjustments. a. Physiatry (physical medicine and rehabilitation) b. Occupational Therapy c. Speech pathology d. Pulmonologist e. Psychology

e. Psychology

This encourages strength, but does not affect fatigue levels a. Bed mobilization techniques b. Pulmonary rehabilitation c. Cardiopulmonary endurance training d. Assistive device training e. Bracing and adaptive equipment education f. Hydrotherapy

f. Hydrotherapy

-Post-polio syndrome refers to a cluster of disabling S/S that appear decades after the initial illness. During PPS many factors get progressively worse including: -Progressive muscle and joint weakness and pain -General fatigue and exhaustion with minimal activity -Muscle atrophy -Breathing or swallowing problems -Sleep-related breathing disorders, such as sleep apnea -In most people, PPS tends to progress slowly, with new S/S followed by periods of stability When does PPS usually reappear? a. 10 to 20 years later b. 30 to 40 years later c. It can't reappear d. By the age of 50 y/o

b. 30 to 40 years later

People who've had bulbar polio, which affects nerves leading to muscles involved in chewing and swallowing, often have difficulty with these activities, as well as other signs of PPS. a. Falls b. Malnutrition, dehydration, and pneumonia

b. Malnutrition, dehydration, and pneumonia

They can restructure tasks, introduce mechanical aids like grab bars, and provide devices such as sock lifters which make physical activities possible, otherwise compromised by disability a. Physiatry (physical medicine and rehabilitation) b. Occupational Therapy c. Speech pathology d. Pulmonologist e. Psychology

b. Occupational Therapy

A condition that affects polio survivors years after recovery from an initial acute attack of the poliomyelitis virus. it is mainly characterized by new weakening in muscles that were previously affected by the polio infection, and in muscles that seemingly were unaffected. Symptoms include slowly progressive muscle weakness, unaccustomed fatigue (both generalized and muscular), and sometimes muscle atrophy. Treatment focuses on managing the signs and symptoms and improving quality of life. a. Raynaud's phenomenon b. Post-polio syndrome c. Post-multiple sclerosis d. Post-prenatal syndrome

b. Post-polio syndrome

Decrease mucus buildup, Breathing exercises, Chest percussion a. Bed mobilization techniques b. Pulmonary rehabilitation c. Cardiopulmonary endurance training d. Assistive device training e. Bracing and adaptive equipment education f. Hydrotherapy

b. Pulmonary rehabilitation

Polio has occurred throughout history with minor polio instances in the 17th-19th century, but it was not until the early 1900's when frequent epidemics became regular events. During it's peak in the 1940's and 1950's, polio would ______________, which provided the determination for people to create a vaccine. a. paralyze or kill over half a million people world-wide each year, affecting mainly adults b. paralyze or kill over half a million people world-wide each year, affecting mainly children c. fatigue people and cause flu-like symptoms, world-wide each year, affecting mainly children d. fatigue people and cause flu-like symptoms, world-wide each year, affecting mainly adults

b. paralyze or kill over half a million people world-wide each year, affecting mainly children

-In the late 1950's, polio vaccines were credited with reducing the global number of polio cases per year from many of hundreds of thousands, to around a thousand. Although, the development of two polio vaccines has eradicated poliomyelitis in all but four countries, the legacy of poliomyelitis remains in the development of modern rehabilitation therapy, and in the rise of disability rights movements world-wide. Polio was also influential in forming ________________ in the 1930's and helped push therapists to work with patients with neurological deficits, such as strokes. a. social groups b. physical therapy c. occupational therapy d. speech therapy

b. physical therapy

For contracture avoidance, we need to? a. strengthen b. stretch

b. stretch

Plantigrade activities are used to improve PPS: a. strength b. protective reaction c. Balance d. weight-bearing

c. Balance

This is more indicated than strengthening exercises, because polio affected muscles cannot be strengthened effectively. a. Bed mobilization techniques b. Pulmonary rehabilitation c. Cardiopulmonary endurance training d. Assistive device training e. Bracing and adaptive equipment education f. Hydrotherapy

c. Cardiopulmonary endurance training

This person can help in the evaluation and treatment of swallowing and speech problems. a. Physiatry (physical medicine and rehabilitation) b. Occupational Therapy c. Speech pathology d. Pulmonologist e. Psychology

c. Speech pathology

-Modalities for pain management -Non-fatiguing exercises to increase muscle strength -Heavy or intense resistive exercise and weight-lifting using polio-affected muscles may be counterproductive because they can further weaken rather than strengthen these muscles True or False?

True

True or False? -Nobody knows exactly what causes the signs and symptoms of post-polio syndrome to appear so many years later. The most accepted theory regarding the cause of PPS, rests on the idea of degenerating nerve cells. -A polio infection often leaves many motor neurons destroyed or damaged. -To compensate for the resulting neuron shortage, the remaining neurons sprout new fibers, and the surviving motor units become enlarged. This promotes recovery of the use of your muscles, but it also places added stress on the nerve cell body to nourish the additional fibers. -Over the years, this stress may be more than the neuron can handle, leading to the gradual deterioration of the sprouted fibers, and eventually, the neuron itself. -Another theory is that the initial illness may have created an autoimmune reaction, causing the body's immune system to attack normal cells as if they were foreign substances. Some experts believe that the poliovirus may persist in the body and reactivate years later.

True

Prevent pressure ulcers a. Bed mobilization techniques b. Pulmonary rehabilitation c. Cardiopulmonary endurance training d. Assistive device training e. Bracing and adaptive equipment education f. Hydrotherapy

a. Bed mobilization techniques

Weakness in your leg muscles makes it easier for you to lose your balance. May result in a broken bone, such as a hip fracture, leading to other complications. a. Falls b. Malnutrition, dehydration, and pneumonia

a. Falls

This person is a physician with expertise in the orchestration of the rehabilitation process. a. Physiatry (physical medicine and rehabilitation) b. Occupational Therapy c. Speech pathology d. Pulmonologist e. Psychology

a. Physiatry (physical medicine and rehabilitation)

An acute viral infectious disease spread from one person to another primarily but not only by the fecal-oral route. -Although 90% of these infections cause no symptoms, affected individuals can have motor neurons destroyed, or different types of paralysis can occur. -The most common type is spinal, which is characterized by asymmetric paralysis mainly in both legs. a. Poliomyelitis b. ALS c. MS d. GBS

a. Poliomyelitis

For this: -Polio affected identified muscles -New muscles not affected by original polio a. strengthen b. stretch

a. strengthen