Practical 1 Objectives
what organ system? ovaries
reproductive & endocrine
what organ system? testes
reproductive & endocrine
what organ system? gallbladder
visible in humans only digestive
what organ system? heart
cardiovascular
red blood cells
carry 02 & c02
cervical
neck
what organ system? adrenal glands
endocrine in rat: slightly above kidney
squamous
flattened/scalelike
carpal
wrist
antecubital
anterior surface of elbow
axillary
armpit
occipital
back of head
umbilical
belly button
what is the anatomical position
body is erect, feet slightly apart, head and toes pointed forward, arms on the sides with palms facing forward
mammary
boob
gluteal
butt
thoracic
chest
mental
chin
what organ system? esophagus
digestive
what organ system? large intestine
digestive
what organ system? liver
digestive
what organ system? small intestine
digestive
what organ system? stomach
digestive
what organ system? pancreas
digestive & endocrine
median(midsaggital) plane
divides the body into equal parts, right down the midline of the body
frontal plane
divides the body or organ into anterior and posterior parts
otic
ear
orbital
eyes
white blood cells
fight infections, infestations, and cancer cells cleans up debris
digital
finger & toes
pedal
foot
antebrachial
forearm
frontal
forehead
pubic
genitals
inguinal
groin/v line
cephalic
head
coxal
hip
what organ system? brain
human only nervous
what organ system? kidneys
in rat: under intestines urinary
what organ system? skin
integumentary
skeletal muscle
location: attached to bones & skin function: move boney levels & alter facial expression
blood
location: blood vessels function: transports material to cells & pick up their waste
nervous tissue
location: brain, spinal cord, nerves function: it is a body sensory with motor control of muscles/glands
dense irregular connective tissue
location: dermis of skin, fibrous joints, and capsules of digestive tract function: withstand force applied in many directions
simple columnar epithelium
location: digestive tract function: absorption of nutrients/solutes into blood & secretes enzymes or mucus into lumen
patellar
kneecap
areolar connective tissue
location: all internal organs function: reservoir for interstitial fluid and fat
keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
location: epidermis of skin function: protects underlying tissues in areas with high risk of abrasion
adipose
location: hypodermis, surrounding kidneys function: storage of triglycerides & insulates and cushions organs
simple cuboidal epithelium
location: kidney tubule function: reabsorption of nutrients/solutes into blood & secretes wastes into urine
simple squamous epithelium
location: lung alveoli function: allows materials to pass by diffusion & location: kidney glomerulus function: filtration of the blood
reticular connective tissue
location: lymph nodes & spleen function: help survey interstitial fluid for foreign particles
bone
location: rib function: supports and protects internal organs. it also stores minerals and fats
dense regular connective tissue
location: tendons & ligaments in knee function: withstands force applied in one direction
hyaline cartilage
location: trachea function: resists compression to avoid trachea being crushed
pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
location: trachea/upper respiratory tract function: protects lungs by secreting mucus to trap airborne particulate matter and use cilia to sweep it away from lungs
smooth muscle tissue
location: walls of the digestive tract function: contracts to move food
cardiac muscle tissue
location: walls of the heart function: contracts to move blood
lumbar
lower back
what organ system? spleen
lymphatic
oral
mouth
what organ system? deltoid
muscular
nasal
nose
pelvic
pelvis/below belly button
platelets
produce blood clots
what organ system? thymus
rat only endocrine & lymphatic
columnar
rectangular (tall not wide)
what organ system? penis
reproductive
what organ system? uterus
reproductive
what organ system? trachea
respiratory (bumpy not smooth)
what organ system? diaphragm
respiratory (it separates thoracic cavity from abdominal cavity)
transverse plane
runs horizontally dividing the body into superior and inferior parts
scapular
shoulder blades
acromial
shoulders
fibular
side of leg
vertebral
spine
cuboidal
square (spherical nuclei)
sternal
sternum
abdominal
stomach area
sacral
tailbone
medial vs. lateral examples
the digitals are lateral to the sacral the clavical is medial to the right humerus
proximal vs. distal examples
the knee is proximal to the toes the fingers are distal to the elbow
superficial vs. deep examples
the mammary is superficial to the heart the middle lobe lung is deep to the 4th rib
superior vs. inferior examples
the mental is superior to the umbilical the liver is inferior to the frontal bone
psuedo
the nuclei aren't alligned
anterior vs. posterior examples
the sternal is anterior to the vertebral the spine is posterior to the heart
femoral
thigh
brachial
upper arm
what organ system? bladder
urinary