Practical 1 Objectives

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what organ system? ovaries

reproductive & endocrine

what organ system? testes

reproductive & endocrine

what organ system? gallbladder

visible in humans only digestive

what organ system? heart

cardiovascular

red blood cells

carry 02 & c02

cervical

neck

what organ system? adrenal glands

endocrine in rat: slightly above kidney

squamous

flattened/scalelike

carpal

wrist

antecubital

anterior surface of elbow

axillary

armpit

occipital

back of head

umbilical

belly button

what is the anatomical position

body is erect, feet slightly apart, head and toes pointed forward, arms on the sides with palms facing forward

mammary

boob

gluteal

butt

thoracic

chest

mental

chin

what organ system? esophagus

digestive

what organ system? large intestine

digestive

what organ system? liver

digestive

what organ system? small intestine

digestive

what organ system? stomach

digestive

what organ system? pancreas

digestive & endocrine

median(midsaggital) plane

divides the body into equal parts, right down the midline of the body

frontal plane

divides the body or organ into anterior and posterior parts

otic

ear

orbital

eyes

white blood cells

fight infections, infestations, and cancer cells cleans up debris

digital

finger & toes

pedal

foot

antebrachial

forearm

frontal

forehead

pubic

genitals

inguinal

groin/v line

cephalic

head

coxal

hip

what organ system? brain

human only nervous

what organ system? kidneys

in rat: under intestines urinary

what organ system? skin

integumentary

skeletal muscle

location: attached to bones & skin function: move boney levels & alter facial expression

blood

location: blood vessels function: transports material to cells & pick up their waste

nervous tissue

location: brain, spinal cord, nerves function: it is a body sensory with motor control of muscles/glands

dense irregular connective tissue

location: dermis of skin, fibrous joints, and capsules of digestive tract function: withstand force applied in many directions

simple columnar epithelium

location: digestive tract function: absorption of nutrients/solutes into blood & secretes enzymes or mucus into lumen

patellar

kneecap

areolar connective tissue

location: all internal organs function: reservoir for interstitial fluid and fat

keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

location: epidermis of skin function: protects underlying tissues in areas with high risk of abrasion

adipose

location: hypodermis, surrounding kidneys function: storage of triglycerides & insulates and cushions organs

simple cuboidal epithelium

location: kidney tubule function: reabsorption of nutrients/solutes into blood & secretes wastes into urine

simple squamous epithelium

location: lung alveoli function: allows materials to pass by diffusion & location: kidney glomerulus function: filtration of the blood

reticular connective tissue

location: lymph nodes & spleen function: help survey interstitial fluid for foreign particles

bone

location: rib function: supports and protects internal organs. it also stores minerals and fats

dense regular connective tissue

location: tendons & ligaments in knee function: withstands force applied in one direction

hyaline cartilage

location: trachea function: resists compression to avoid trachea being crushed

pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

location: trachea/upper respiratory tract function: protects lungs by secreting mucus to trap airborne particulate matter and use cilia to sweep it away from lungs

smooth muscle tissue

location: walls of the digestive tract function: contracts to move food

cardiac muscle tissue

location: walls of the heart function: contracts to move blood

lumbar

lower back

what organ system? spleen

lymphatic

oral

mouth

what organ system? deltoid

muscular

nasal

nose

pelvic

pelvis/below belly button

platelets

produce blood clots

what organ system? thymus

rat only endocrine & lymphatic

columnar

rectangular (tall not wide)

what organ system? penis

reproductive

what organ system? uterus

reproductive

what organ system? trachea

respiratory (bumpy not smooth)

what organ system? diaphragm

respiratory (it separates thoracic cavity from abdominal cavity)

transverse plane

runs horizontally dividing the body into superior and inferior parts

scapular

shoulder blades

acromial

shoulders

fibular

side of leg

vertebral

spine

cuboidal

square (spherical nuclei)

sternal

sternum

abdominal

stomach area

sacral

tailbone

medial vs. lateral examples

the digitals are lateral to the sacral the clavical is medial to the right humerus

proximal vs. distal examples

the knee is proximal to the toes the fingers are distal to the elbow

superficial vs. deep examples

the mammary is superficial to the heart the middle lobe lung is deep to the 4th rib

superior vs. inferior examples

the mental is superior to the umbilical the liver is inferior to the frontal bone

psuedo

the nuclei aren't alligned

anterior vs. posterior examples

the sternal is anterior to the vertebral the spine is posterior to the heart

femoral

thigh

brachial

upper arm

what organ system? bladder

urinary


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