Practice

Which of the following summarizes the difference between a firm's vision and mission?

A vision states what a firm wants to accomplish; a mission states how a firm plans to accomplish this vision

Fran owns Consolidated Auto Parts, a company that got its start making auto parts related for hybrid vehicles, but her firm has had difficulty establishing itself as a maker of parts for the more-profitable internal combustion engine. What is most likely contributing to Consolidated's problem in this area?

Entry barriers usually protect the incumbent players in a profitable industry.

How do low interest rates affect a business?

Firms can easily borrow money to finance future growth.

Your company, a small software development firm, has attracted many of the top young programmers in your area. As a result, the apps you produce have been praised for their innovative features and intuitive user experience. According to the bathtub metaphor in the dynamic capabilities perspective, what is the best way for you to protect against resource leakage?

Improve the benefits package to retain key employees and reduce turnover.

InVue, a consumer electronics company, is the leading manufacture of high-definition (HD) LED televisions. HD technology has been its core competency and the company holds 60 percent shares in that market. However, InVue's competitors have now begun to produce more-advanced technologies like 4K Ultra HD and Internet-enabled Smart televisions. According to the dynamic capabilities perspective, what should InVue do?

InVue should start working on Ultra HD and Smart television technologies to adapt its core competency to suit the external environment

Igor's Furniture has seen its profit margins shrink over the past several years as increased competition has driven down furniture prices. You have been tasked with improving the company's margins. Which of the following approaches makes the most sense within the context of strategic activity systems?

Install modern manufacturing equipment to improve efficiency.

Understanding the Resource Allocation Process (RAP) will have large effects on shaping a firm's realized strategy. Which of the following is an example of such an allocation of resources?

Intel's rule to "maximize margin-per-wafer-start"

________ are barriers to imitation that prevent rivals from competing away the advantage a firm may enjoy.

Isolating mechanisms

The average cost of production for a bottle of vitamin water in the industry is $4 while its average price is $7. StoreAll Inc. manufactures the same product for $3 per bottle and sells it for $7 per bottle. Which of the following statements is most likely true of StoreAll Inc. in this scenario?

It has a competitive advantage in the industry.

How does causal ambiguity act as an isolating mechanism for organizations?

It makes it difficult for the competitors to understand why a company has been so successful.

Which of the following is a primary feature of the five forces model?

It views competition within an industry broadly to include forces such as buyers, suppliers, and the threat of substitutes.

The owners of Puff Ball bakery want to open a second retail outlet. Which of the following scenarios is most likely to yield a competitive advantage?

Open a shop on an inexpensive piece of land near a new mixed-use residential and business district currently under construction.

________ describes a process in which the options one faces in a current situation are limited by decisions made in the past.

Path dependence

Addams Coaches Inc. is a bus line with service to several major cities. It has several competitors that each offer service to one or two cities, and based on its current outlays, it cannot match or beat those competitors on price. Because of long-term contracts and an increase in the cost of gasoline, it is not possible to reduce expenditures at this time. Which of these strategies should Addams pursue instead?

Pursue a differentiated strategy

After conducting a SWOT analysis, your firm has decided to focus on addressing issues located in the Weaknesses-Opportunities quadrant. Which of the following steps are you most likely to take?

Reorganize the inefficient research and development department to bring innovative products to market more quickly

Upper management at Softstep Inc., a manufacturer of insoles for shoes, wants to work on improving the product lines it already has without taking on other challenges at this time. Which of the following vision statements reflects that goal?

Softstep Inc. wants to be the best manufacturer of insoles in the industry

Keeping in mind the five forces in the airline industry, which of the following best explains the difficulty airlines have in generating a profit?

Substitutes are readily available in the form of trains, buses, and cars, thus reducing the profit potential in the industry.

The "diagonal assembly system" was a production system pioneered by the automobile company Gogo. Recently, Gogo was able to sue a competitor and won the suit, thereby receiving $100 million in damages. Which of the following would most likely enable Gogo to win such a lawsuit?

The competitor infringed on Gogo's patent of the "diagonal assembly system."

Which of the following is an implication of all firms in an industry pursuing a low-cost position through application of competitive benchmarking?

The firms would eventually have no resources to invest in product and process improvements.

Which of the following methods of developing a strategy best illustrates scenario planning?

The managers at Lyon Clothing Inc. formulated a strategy that is able to handle small to medium to large increases in the prices of cotton in the future. The CEO of BCT Inc., a large conglomerate, has decided to enter the South American market based on the competitor's success in the same market.

Years ago, the travel industry was controlled by a few large travel companies that booked holidays, air tickets, bus tickets, and hotels for their customers. However, with the emergence of the internet, smaller travel agencies started mushrooming in the industry and customers started making their own reservations. Which of the following can be inferred from this information?

The travel industry changed from a consolidated structure to a fragmented one.

True Help is a nonprofit organization that works toward rehabilitating the homeless. The credo of the organization is "help us help you." For an organization like True Help, which of the following statements would make an appropriate mission?

We help the homeless gain and sustain financial independence by providing employment opportunities.

Which of the following best qualifies as a firm's internal stakeholder?

a manager taking care of the firm's operations in a foreign market

Which of the following is an element of good strategy?

a set of coherent actions to implement the firm's guiding policy

In an industry, the threat of entry is high when

capital requirements are low

In the pyramid of corporate social responsibility, ________ responsibilities are the foundational building block.

economic

Samsung and Google cooperate as complementors to compete against Apple's strong position in the mobile device industry, while at the same time Samsung and Google are increasingly becoming competitive with one another. This scenario best illustrates the process of

co-opetition.

If Zephyr Electronics obtains an 18 percent return on invested capital, which of the following will help determine if it has a competitive advantage over other pharmaceutical companies?

comparing the return to the return on invested capital obtained by other firms in the industry

Merton's Toothpaste has been the leader of dental care products for about 40 years. However, this company relied too long on its competency of reducing cavities without refining or upgrading other aspects of its product. As a result, other personal hygiene companies that began to offer toothpastes with natural whitening agents gained a competitive advantage over Merton's. This case is an example of

core rigidity

Seth's Computer Repair has maintained a competitive advantage based on its thorough and professional service, reasonable pricing, and money-back guarantee. Management at the company is so committed to doing repairs well that they often have rejected employee suggestions to expedite their processes. Recently, the company has begun to lose customers to a new local service offering same day in-home repairs and 24/7 online customer support. According to the dynamic capabilities perspective, Seth's Computer Repair has lost its competitive advantage due to

core rigidity.

A strategic group will typically include

firms within the same industry.

Strategies developed at the departmental level, such as the accounting, human resources, production, and marketing departments, within a strategic business unit are referred to as ________ strategies.

functional

After carefully assessing the market potential for solar-powered mobile devices, the top-level executives of Futuretronics Inc. decided that the company would be launching a line of solar-powered tablets within the next two years. This would mean that the tablet division would need to immediately begin research and development efforts. Which of the following strategies in the planned emergence model does this best illustrate?

intended strategy

The minimum wage in the country of New Morland is $8 an hour. Odion, a restaurant in New Morland's capital city, pays its servers $8 per hour. However, the management of the restaurant feels that this amount is excessive for workers whose only job is to clear tables. By continuing to adhere to the rules set by the government of New Morland, which of the following responsibilities is Odion satisfying?

legal responsibilities

Fadia Ammunition Inc., a firm controlled and managed by the government of Fadia, is the only company that has the license to produce defense arms in the country. Which of the following industry competitive structures does this best illustrate?

monopoly

Eon Inc., Electravia Inc., and FC Inc., the three largest firms in the consumer electronics industry, hold close to 85 percent of the industry's market share. These companies mainly compete against each other by providing unique features in their products rather than pricing them low. These firms are interdependent, and each firm must consider the strategic actions of its competitors. Which of the following industry competitive structures does this scenario best illustrate?

oligopoly

When companies that manufacture shipping containers want to buy iron ore, the purchase decision is solely based on price. This is because there are a large number of sellers in the iron ore industry, and iron ore is a highly undifferentiated commodity. Which of the following industry competitive structures does the iron ore industry best illustrate?

perfect competition

Burke Furnishings is a company that manufactures and sells home furniture. It sources its materials from another country to keep costs low. An assembly line worker in one of its manufacturing centers noticed that there was increasing concern regarding the potential toxicity of the flame-resistant materials used in the furniture. In response, she compiled a list of nontoxic flame-resistant materials that the company could use. When her manager learned about this, he presented the prospect and got it approved from the top management team. This is an example of the

planned emergence approach

Competitive rivalry based solely on _______ is destructive to firms as it transfers most of the value created in the industry to the customers.

price-cutting

Which of the following strategies does Tesla need to implement or achieve to gain a competitive advantage?

reinvest profits to build successively better electric automobiles

Southwest Airlines (SWA) has enjoyed a sustained competitive advantage, allowing it to outperform its competitors over several decades. Continental and Delta attempted to copy SWA with their offerings of Continental Lite and Song, respectively. Neither Continental nor Delta, however, was able to successfully imitate the resource bundles and firm capabilities that make SWA unique. Which of the following is this case an example of?

resource immobility

Dynamic capabilities are especially relevant for surviving and competing in markets that

shift quickly

A traditional top-down strategic planning process typically begins with

strategic leaders adjusting a company's vision and mission based on environmental analysis.

FindFor Inc. is an e-commerce retail firm that sells a variety of merchandise online. Through services like cash on delivery, easy return, and online tracking, the company has created more customer value than its competitors (brick-and-mortar businesses) at the same price. Also, the company's costs are substantially lower than its competitors because of minimal investments in operation and administration. In this scenario, FindFor Inc. has most likely been able to provide superior value and cost control through

strategic positioning.

Powell Lighting was the first company to start selling LED light bulbs in its country—a product that gained popularity among diverse groups. Soon, other companies started to sell their own brands of LED bulbs, thereby giving Powell Lighting ample competition. In response, Powell Lighting decided to limit its LED light bulbs to outdoor models. However, it ensured that these models were the longest-lasting and lowest-priced on the market. With this innovation, Powell Lighting consistently outperformed its competitors for ten years. In this scenario, Powell Lighting maintained a ________ through its innovative strategy.

sustainable competitive advantage

Riya has recently started a restaurant in a commercial area that already has many other established restaurants and popular fast-food chains. Riya owns the building in which her restaurant is located, rather than leasing premises as her competitors do. This factor allows her to offer her products at a more competitive price. Riya has also invested a huge amount in designing the restaurant's interior and in equipping the kitchen with the appliances that are most widely used in her industry. In this scenario, which of the following is the most valuable resource for Riya's business?

the building owned by Riya, which reduces cost of operations

Gladiator Apparel is the market leader in the sportswear industry. Though most of its resources are common to those of its competitors, a few rare resources have helped the company gain and sustain a competitive advantage. Which of the following assets of Gladiator Apparel is most likely to be considered a rare resource that is contributing to its competitive advantage?

the company's design patents

The Founder of Teach for America, Wendy Kopp, wants to make teaching an attractive option for promising young professionals. Identify the phrase that represents the vision she developed for Teach for America.

to give all children in the United States the opportunity to attain an excellent education.

For a firm that operates in an industry where competition is high, which of the following practices will result in inferior performance?

trying to be everything to everybody by combining different competitive strategies

Which of the following features about a buyer indicates that the buyer has high bargaining power?

when the buyer operates in an industry where products are undifferentiated