Practice Questions: Respiratory Dysfunction

The parent of an infant with nasopharyngitis should be instructed to notify the health professional if the infant: 1. Has a cough 2. Becomes fussy 3. Shows signs of an ear ache 4. Has a fever

3. Shows signs of an earache -Can be indicative of a secondary bacterial infection

What is the earliest recognizable clinical manifestation(s) of cystic fibrosis (CF)? A. Meconeum ileus B. Hx of poor intestinal absroption C. Foul-smelling, frothy, greasy stool D. Recurrent pneumonia and lung infection

A. Meconeum ileus

What interventions can the nurse teach parents to do to ease respiratory efforts for a child with a mild respiratory tract infection? (Select all that apply.) a. Cool mist b. Warm mist c. Steam vaporizer d. Keep child in a flat, quiet position e. Run a shower of hot water to produce steam

a. Cool mist b. Warm mist c. Steam vaporizer e. Run a shower of hot water to produce steam

An 18-month-old child is seen in the clinic with otitis media (OM). Oral amoxicillin is prescribed. What instructions should be given to the parent? A. Administer all of the prescribed medication B. Continue medication until all symptoms subsides C. Immediately stop giving medication if hearing loss develops D. Stop giving medication and come to clinic if fever is still present in 24 hours

A. Administer all of the prescribed medication

The mother of a 20-month-old boy tells the nurse that he has a barking cough at night. His temperature is 37 C (98.6 F). The nurse suspects mild croup and should recommend which intervention? A. Admit to the hospital and observe for impeding epiglottitis B. Provide fluids that the child likes and use comfort measures C. Control fever with acetaminophen and call if cough worsens D. Try OTC cough medicine and come to clinic tomorrow if no improvement

A. Admit to the hospital and observe for impeding epiglottitis

An infants parents ask the nurse about preventing otitis media (OM). What information should be provided? A. Avoid tobacco smoke B. Use nasal decongestants C. Avoid children with OM D. Bottle or breastfeed in supine position

A. Avoid tobacco smoke

The parent of a child with cystic fibrosis (CF) calls the clinic nurse to report that the child has developed tachypnea, tachycardia, dyspnea, pallor, and cyanosis. The nurse should tell the parent to bring the child to the clinic because these signs and symptoms are suggestive of what condition? A. Pneumothorax B. Bronchodilation C. Carbon dioxide retention D. Increased viscosity of sputum

A. Pneumothorax

What statement is the most descriptive of asthma? A. It is inherited B. There is a heightened airway reactivity C. There is a decreased resistance in the airway D. Single cause of asthma is an allergic hypersensitivity

B. There is a heightened airway reactivity

It is important that a child with acute strep pharyngitis be treated with abx to prevent which condition: 1. Otitis Media 2. DI 3. Nephrolytic syndrome 4. Acute rheumatic fever

4. Acute rheumatic fever -Can occur secondary to strep pharyngitis

What statement best represent infectious mononucleosis? A. Herpes simplex B. A CBC shows a characteristic of leukopenia C. A short course of ampicillin is used when pharyngitis is present D. Clinical s/s and blood tests are both needed to establish diagnosis

4. Clinical s/s and blood test are both needed to establish diagnosis

Chronic otitis media with effusion (OME) differs from acute otitis media (AOM) because it is usually characterized by which signs or symptoms? A. severe pain in ear B. anorexia and vomiting C. a feeling of fullness in ear D. fever as high as 40C

C. A feeling of fullness in ear -OME does not cause severe pain

The nurse is assessing a child with croup in the emergency department. The child has a sore throat and is drooling. Examining the childs throat using a tongue depressor might precipitate what condition? A. Sore throat B. Inspiratory stridor C. Complete obstruction 4. Respiratory tract infection

C. Complete obstruction

Parents bring their 15-month-old infant to the emergency department at 3:00 AM because the toddler has a temperature of 39 C (102.2 F), is crying inconsolably, and is tugging at the ears. A diagnosis of otitis media (OM) is made. In addition to antibiotic therapy, the nurse practitioner should instruct the parents to use what medication? A. Decongestants to ease stuffy nose B. Antihistamines to help child sleep C. Aspirin for pain and fever management D. Benzocane eardrops for topical pain relief

D. Benzocane eardrops for topical pain relief

Cystic fibrosis (CF) may affect single or multiple systems of the body. What is the primary factor responsible for possible multiple clinical manifestations in CF? A. Hyperactivity of sweat glands B. Hypoactivity of ANS C. Atrophic changes in mucosal wall of intestine D. Mechanical obstruction caused by increased viscosity of mucosal gland secretions

D. Mechanical obstruction caused by increased viscosity of mucosal gland secretions

A 4-year-old girl is brought to the emergency department. She has a froglike croaking sound on inspiration, is agitated, and is drooling. She insists on sitting upright. The nurse should intervene in which manner? A. Maker her lie down and rest quietly B. Examine oral pharynx and report to HCP C. Auscultate lungs and prepare for placement in a mist tent D. Notify HCP immediately and be prepared to assist with a tracheostomy or an intubation

D. Notify HCP immediately and be prepared to assist with a tracheostomy or an intubation -Do not ASSESS in DISTRESS

The nurse is preparing a staff education program about pediatric asthma. What concepts should the nurse include when discussing the asthma severity classification system? (Select all that apply.) a. Children with mild persistent asthma have nighttime signs or symptoms less than two times a month. b. Children with moderate persistent asthma use a short-acting b-agonist more than two times per week. c. Children with severe persistent asthma have a peak expiratory flow (PEF) of 60% to 80% of predicted value. d. Children with mild persistent asthma have signs or symptoms more than two times per week. e. Children with moderate persistent asthma have some limitations with normal activity. f. Children with severe persistent asthma have frequent nighttime signs or symptoms.

d. Children with mild persistent asthma have signs or symptoms more than two times per week. e. Children with moderate persistent asthma have some limitations with normal activity. f. Children with severe persistent asthma have frequent nighttime signs or symptoms.