Prep U Endocrine

A group of students are reviewing information about the relationship of the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland. The students demonstrate the need for additional study when they state which of the following?

"The pituitary gland, as the master gland, controls the secretion of hormones by the hypothalamus."

Which of the following diagnostic tests are done to determine suspected pituitary tumor?

A computed tomography scan

Which of the following diagnostic tests are done to determine suspected pituitary tumor? Choose the correct option.

A computed tomography scan

A nurse understands that for the parathyroid hormone to exert its effect, what must be present?

Adequate vitamin D level

The sounds of sirens announce the arrival of the latest trauma to address the trauma center where you practice nursing. Your heart is pounding, your mouth is dry. What gland is responsible for your physiologic response?

Adrenal glands

Which of the following hormones controls secretion of adrenal androgens?

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Which of the following is the primary hormone for the long-term regulation of sodium balance?

Aldosterone

The primary function of the thyroid gland includes which of the following?

Control of cellular metabolic activity

A group of students are reviewing material about endocrine system function. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which of the following as secreted by the adrenal medulla?

Epinephrine

What skin findings should a nurse pay particular attention to in a client with a history of endocrine problems?

Excessive hair growth or loss

During the physical examination of a client with a suspected endocrine disorder, the nurse observes an abnormal bulging of the eyes. The nurse documents this finding as which of the following?

Exophthalmos

Which hormone would be responsible for increasing blood glucose levels by stimulating glycogenolysis?

Glucagon

The adrenal cortex is responsible for producing which substances?

Glucocorticoids and androgens

The pharmacology instructor is discussing the endocrine system with a class of pre-nursing students. What would the instructor tell the students is considered to be a hormone?

Norepinephrine

A client is scheduled for a diagnostic test to measure blood hormone levels. The nurse expects that this test will determine which of the following?

The functioning of endocrine glands

During a follow-up visit to the physician, a client with hyperparathyroidism asks the nurse to explain the physiology of the parathyroid glands. The nurse states that these glands produce parathyroid hormone (PTH). PTH maintains the balance between calcium and:

phosphorus.

Ross Babcock, a 42-year-old firefighter, is being seen by an endocrinologist at the endocrinology group where you practice nursing. At this visit, he will receive results of previously-ordered diagnostics. During your client education session, you describe the mechanism of hormone level maintenance. What causes most hormones to be secreted?

Decrease in hormonal levels

While recording the health history of a patient who is scheduled for a thyroid test, the nurse is informed by the patient about an allergy to seafood. What is the nurse's most appropriate response?

Document the allergy and inform the physician

A nurse is preparing to palpate a client's thyroid gland. Which action by the nurse is appropriate?

Encircle the client's neck with both hands, have the client slightly extend his neck, and ask him to swallow.

Which outcome indicates that treatment of a client with diabetes insipidus has been effective?

Fluid intake is less than 2,500 ml/day.

Margaret Lawson, a 52-year grocery clerk, has been experiencing a decrease in serum calcium. She has undergone diagnostics and her physician proposes her calcium level fluctuation is due to altered parathyroid function. What is the typical number of parathyroid glands?

Four

Which of the following clinical signs are associated with diabetes insipidus?

Hypotension

The pharmacology instructor is diagramming the nervous and endocrine systems. What organ would the instructor diagram as the connector between the nervous and endocrine systems?

Hypothalamus

A nurse is preparing to palpate the thyroid gland. Where would the nurse expect to find this gland?

In the lower neck, anterior to the trachea

The thymus gland secretes thymosin and thymopoietin, which aid in developing T lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell involved in immunity. Which of the following best identifies the location of this gland?

In the upper part of the chest above or near the heart

A client is experiencing an increase in blood glucose levels. The nurse understands that which of the following hormones would be important in lowering the client's blood glucose level?

Insulin

A client newly diagnosed witg diabetes is discussing the disease with the nurse. The client asks about the hormones that might affect diabetes. Which is considered client teaching information about somatostatin?

It inhibits the release of insulin.

After teaching a class about the endocrine system, the instructor determines that the students need additional instruction when they identify which of the following as an endocrine gland?

Kidneys

While not being designated as endocrine glands, several organs within the body secrete hormones as part of their normal function. Which organ secretes hormones which are involved in increasing blood pressure and volume and maturation of red blood cells?

Kidneys

Hypocalcemia is associated with which of the following manifestations?

Muscle twitching

Which glands regulate calcium and phosphorous metabolism?

Parathyroid

Which of the following glands is considered the master gland?

Pituitary

A group of students are reviewing for a test on hormones. The students demonstrate understanding of the material when they state which of the following as being secreted by the kidneys?

Renin

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) has which effects on the kidney?

Stimulation of calcium reabsorption and phosphate excretion

A nurse explains to a client with thyroid disease that the thyroid gland normally produces:

T3, thyroxine (T4), and calcitonin.

A nurse is caring for a female client with hypothyroidism. The client is extremely upset about her altered physical appearance. She doesn't want to take her medication because she doesn't believe it's doing any good. What should the nurse do?

Tell the client she'll soon experience improvement in her looks as the medication corrects her hormone deficiency.

When describing the difference between endocrine and exocrine glands, which of the following would the instructor include as characteristic of endocrine glands?

The secretions are released directly into the blood stream

Which of the following hormones would the nurse identify as being secreted by the thyroid gland?

Thyroxine

The nurse is educating a couple who has had difficulty with conception. The client asks about the hormone, which is responsible for the production of eggs. The nurse answers that this hormone is called:

follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Hypercalcemia may cause formation of stones in one or both kidneys. Which of the following are clinical manifestations of stone formation? Select all that apply.

• Flank pain • Nausea • Dysuria • Vomiting

Which hormones are secreted by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland? Select all that apply.

• Vasopressin • Oxytocin