prepu ch 34 questions

Your client has a history of post-transfusion reactions. Her medical provider has ordered medication to prevent this. Which of the following medications would you anticipate being ordered for this client? Epinephrine Lasix Benadryl Tylenol

Benadryl

Which agent would the nurse identify as providing local anesthesia to the respiratory passages? Benzonatate Ephedrine Hydrocodone Dextromethorphan

Benzonatate

Second generation antihistamines are associated with a higher risk of sedation than first generation antihistamines. True False

False

Second-generation antihistamines were developed to remove the sedation of first generation drugs. Which of the following antihistamines is a second-generation drug? Dexchlorpheniramine Chlorpheniramine Fexofenadine Diphenhydramine

Fexofenadine

What factors contribute to elderly clients being at higher risk of injury while taking antihistamines? Select all that apply: Hearing loss Steady gait Diabetes Hypertension Visual impairment

Hearing loss Visual impairment

What non pharmacological recommendation should be made to the client to prevent pooling of secretions in the lungs during the administration of an antitussive? (Select all that apply) Increase fluid intake Change positions frequently Decrease fluid intake Remain in one position Refrain from trying to cough

Increase fluid intake Change positions frequently

A patient with vasomotor rhinitis has been prescribed an antihistamine. The patient is eager to know whether the prescribed antihistamine may cause excessive sedation. Which of the following antihistamines has very little sedative effect? Brompheniramine Clemastine Chlorpheniramine Loratadine

Loratadine

Which of the following medications, if administered with pseudoephedrine, could increase risk of cardiac dysrhythmia? MAO inhibitors Beta blockers Calcium-channel blockers Thiazide diuretics

MAO inhibitors

A 15-year-old patient is prescribed an antihistamine for allergic rhinitis. However, antihistamines used to treat allergic reactions may themselves cause allergy. The nurse needs to educate the patient to be aware of symptoms suggesting allergy. Which of the following is an allergic reaction to antihistamines? Drowsiness and sedation Skin rash and urticaria Dryness of mouth Disturbed coordination

Skin rash and urticaria

A 62-year-old client has been prescribed an antihistamine to alleviate vasomotor rhinitis. The client reports gastric irritation after taking the tablet. Which instructions should the nurse provide to help alleviate the client's condition? Drink ample water before taking the tablet. Take an antacid before the tablet. Take the tablet with food. Take the tablet one hour before food.

Take the tablet with food.

A client is diagnosed with a viral upper respiratory tract infection. Which of the following is appropriate treatment for the client? Select all that apply: Administration of an antibiotic. Use of comfort measures. Decrease of fluid intake. Increase of fluid intake. Use of antitussive for nonproductive cough.

Use of comfort measures. Increase of fluid intake. Use of antitussive for nonproductive cough.

What adverse effect of most oral antihistamines presents a priority safety concern for older adult clients? Drowsiness Dry mouth Nasal burning Nonproductive cough

drowsiness

A 76-year-old man with a history of heart disease has been prescribed an oral decongestant. The nurse is concerned with this prescription because of the risk for serious cardiovascular effects. increased salivation and choking. severe constipation. insomnia.

serious cardiovascular effects.

Which statement by the client leads the nurse to believe that the client needs additional instruction regarding the nasal decongestant? "I will blow my nose before instilling the nasal spray." "I will report any dizziness, drowsiness, or rapid pulse." "I will drink 2,000 to 3,000 mL of fluid daily." "I will use it only when I have nasal discharge."

"I will use it only when I have nasal discharge."

When developing the teaching plan for a patient receiving an antihistamine, which would the nurse include? (Select all that apply.) Advising the patient to avoid alcohol consumption Using sugarless candies or lozenges to combat dry mouth Stopping the drug after 3 days if no relief is obtained Encouraging the patient to engage in usual activities such as driving

Advising the patient to avoid alcohol consumption Using sugarless candies or lozenges to combat dry mouth

A client reports a hacking cough. The client asks if taking an antihistamine would be helpful. The nurse's best response is: Antihistamines are not used for this issue. Antihistamines are recommended for extended use, as long as you monitor for adverse effects. Antihistamines are not recommended for this issue; only antibiotics are useful. Antihistamines are not recommended because they can dry lower respiratory secretions and worsen secretion retention and cough.

Antihistamines are not recommended because they can dry lower respiratory secretions and worsen secretion retention and cough

A 71-year-old man with a history of heart disease and diabetes has had an antihistamine prescribed. The nurse is concerned with this prescription because of the risk for: Severe constipation Increased salivation and choking Insomnia Cardiac arrhythmias

Cardiac arrhythmias

A patient is having an allergic reaction to mold. The patient describes chest tightness and difficulty breathing. Which of the following body effects are occurring? Contraction of smooth muscle in the bronchi Suppression of the vagus nerve endings producing tachycardia Decreased permeability of the veins and capillaries Decreased secretion of the mucous glands

Contraction of smooth muscle in the bronchi

A 29-year-old female client has sinusitis, so the physician orders a topical nasal decongestant. What instructions should be given? Avoid becoming pregnant during decongestant therapy Increase fluids to 2 L per day Restrict fluids to 500 mL per day Take the medication with meals

Increase fluids to 2 L per day

A client has been prescribed a nasal steroid. The client asks the nurse about the infection that the nasal steroid has been prescribed for. What would be an appropriate response by the nurse? Nasal steroids are used only for a sinus infection. Nasal steroids are contraindicated in the presence of an acute infection. Nasal steroids are used for an infection in the adenoids. Nasal steroids are used for all acute upper respiratory infections.

Nasal steroids are contraindicated in the presence of an acute infection.

Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed) is prescribed for a client suffering from nasal and sinus congestion. What is the most important assessment the nurse should complete before the client leaves the clinic to purchase the medication? Ask about history of hay fever. Observe for swelling in nasal passages. Ask about nausea and vomiting. Obtain the client's blood pressure.

Obtain the client's blood pressure.

A patient is advised to take a decongestant drug to relieve nasal congestion associated with hay fever. The patient is not comfortable with a nasal spray or drops and prefers an oral tablet. Which oral decongestant drugs can be administered to the patient? Xylometazoline Pseudoephedrine Ephedrine Tetrahydrozoline

Pseudoephedrine

A female client self-administers pseudoephedrine for relief of her symptoms associated with seasonal allergies. She phones the office reporting restlessness and insomnia. The nurse explains to the client that these are expected side effects of the medication. What is the reason for these side effects? Pseudoephedrine is a stimulant and causes stimulation of the central nervous system. Pseudoephedrine produces a sympathomimetic effect. Pseudoephedrine causes an adverse response in the CNS. Pseudoephedrine causes an anticholinergic response.

Pseudoephedrine produces a sympathomimetic effect.

A female client self-administers pseudoephedrine for relief of her symptoms associated with seasonal allergies. She phones the office reporting restlessness and insomnia. The nurse explains to the client that these are expected side effects of the medication. What is the reason for these side effects? Pseudoephedrine is a stimulant and causes stimulation of the central nervous system. Pseudoephedrine causes an anticholinergic response. Pseudoephedrine causes an adverse response in the CNS. Pseudoephedrine produces a sympathomimetic effect.

Pseudoephedrine produces a sympathomimetic effect.

A 15-year-old patient is prescribed an antihistamine for allergic rhinitis. However, antihistamines used to treat allergic reactions may themselves cause allergy. The nurse needs to educate the patient to be aware of symptoms suggesting allergy. Which of the following is an allergic reaction to antihistamines? Dryness of mouth Drowsiness and sedation Skin rash and urticaria Disturbed coordination

Skin rash and urticaria

When antihistamines result in dryness of the mouth, the nurse should recommend which actions to relieve the dryness? Select all that apply. Suck on sugarless hard candy. Administer intravenous fluid bolus. Offer ice chips. Take frequent sips of water. Use a dehumidifier in the home.

Suck on sugarless hard candy. Offer ice chips. Take frequent sips of water.