PrepU Immune system

A 67-year-old client is admitted for diagnostic studies to rule out cancer. The patient is white, married, has been employed as a landscaper for 40 years, and has a 36-year history of smoking a pack of cigarettes daily. What significant risk factors does the nurse recognize this patient has? Select all that apply. Occupation Age Cigarette smoking Marital status Race

occupation, age, cigarette smoking

The nurse is assessing a client with rheumatoid arthritis. The nurse knows that prolonged inflammation can cause compression of nerves. Which symptoms would accompany this level of involvement? Paresthesias of both hands Limited motion in the wrists Restricted movement in tendons Crepitus when moving major joints

paresthesias of both hands

An oncologist advises a client with an extensive family history of breast cancer to consider a mastectomy. What type of surgery would the nurse include in teaching? cryosurgery palliative local excision prophylactic

prophylactic

The result of which diagnostic study is decreased in the client diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis? ESR Creatinine Red blood cell count Uric acid

red blood cell count

After being seen in the oncology clinic, a client with severe bone marrow suppression is admitted to the hospital. The client's cancer therapy consisted of radiation and chemotherapy. When developing the care plan for this client, which nursing diagnosis takes priority? Risk for injury Anxiety Risk for infection Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements

risk for infection

A male client has been unable to return to work for 10 days following chemotherapy as the result of ongoing fatigue and inability to perform usual activities. Laboratory test results are WBCs 2000/mm³, RBCs 3.2 x 10¹²/L, and platelets 85,000/mm³. The nurse notes that the client is anxious. Which of the following is the priority nursing diagnosis? Anxiety related to change in role function Fatigue related to deficient blood cells Activity intolerance related to side effects of chemotherapy Risk for infection related to inadequate defenses

risk for infection related to inadequate defenses

The nurse is conducting discharge teaching for a client who is being discharged from the emergency department after an anaphylactic reaction to peanuts. Which education should the nurse include in the teaching? Select all that apply. Use of sedatives to treat reactions Avoiding allergens Desensitization to allergen Wearing a medical alert bracelet

wearing a medical alery bracelet, avoiding allergens

A client has been living with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) for several years. Which diagnostic test will the nurse prepare the client for to determine the progression of the disease? Ultrasound MRI X-ray CT scan

xray

The nurse is creating a plan to assist an older adult to manage rheumatoid arthritis. Which areas will the nurse include in this plan? Select all that apply. Psychological support Financial assistance Modification of daily activities Exercise Medication

Psychological support, modification of daily activities, exercise, medication.

Which patient does the nurse recognize as being most likely to be affected by sickle cell disease? A 26-year-old Eastern European Jewish woman A 28-year-old Israeli man A 14-year-old African American boy An 18-year-old Chinese woman

a 14-year-old African American. boy

The nurse is caring for a client with an exacerbation of sickle cell disease (SCD). Which finding indicates to the nurse that the client is experiencing a liver complication from this condition? Abdominal pain Weakness Glucose intolerance Fatigue

abdominal pain

The health care provider recommends that parents have their daughter vaccinated with HPV vaccine. What is this vaccine for? Help prevent breast cancer Help prevent cervical cancer Help prevent leukemia Help prevent lung cancer

help prevent cervical cancer

The nurse is caring for a client experiencing an anaphylactic reaction. The nurse prepares for the maximum intensity of histamine response to occur within which time frame? 5 to 10 minutes 15 to 20 minutes 30 to 35 minutes 40 to 45 minutes

5 to 10 minutes

A client with sickle cell disease informs the nurse that he is having chest pain. The nurse hears the client coughing, wheezing, and breathing rapidly. What does the nurse suspect is occurring with this client? Acute chest syndrome Vaso-occlusive crisis Acute muscular strain Pneumocystis pneumonia

Acute chest syndrome

The nurse should teach the patient who is being radiated about protecting his skin and oral mucosa. An important teaching point would be to tell the patient to: Cleanse the skin with a mild soap, using his fingertips, not a rough wash cloth. Apply a small ice compress to the treated area afterward to decrease localized redness, post-radiation. Use an ointment, after treatment, to decrease the feeling of burning, which may last for several hours. Use an approved emollient 2 hours before the radiation to give the skin time to absorb the medication and provide a shield for damage.

cleanse the skin with a mild soap, using his fingertips, not a rough wash cloth

A nurse working with clients diagnosed with sickle cell disease notices that sickle cell crisis cases increase in the winter months. What is the primary pathophysiological reason for this? Colder temperatures increases vessel pressures. Colder temperatures impairs oxygen uptake. Colder temperatures worsens sickling. Colder temperatures slows the blood flow.

colder temperatures slow the blood flow

Which type of hypersensitivity occurs when the system mistakenly identifies a normal constituent of the body as foreign? Anaphylactic Immune complex Cytotoxic Delayed

cytotoxic

A nurse is preparing a presentation about human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) for a local community group. What would the nurse include in the presentation about HIV transmission? Select all that apply. HIV transmission from mother-to child occurs primarily during pregnancy while the fetus is in utero. The amount of HIV contained in body fluids on exposure is associated with the risk for infection. HIV can be found in seminal fluid, vaginal secretions, and breast milk. Sharing of infected equipment used to inject drugs increases the risk for infection. The risk of acquiring HIV through the transfusion of blood products is almost nonexistent.

The amount of HIV contained in body fluids on exposure is associated with the risk for infection HIV can be found in seminal fluid, vaginal secretions, and breast milk Sharing of infected equipment used to inject drugs increases the risk for infection, The risk of acquiring HIV through the transfusion of blood products is almost nonexistent.

Which type of hypersensitivity reaction involves immune complexes forming when antigens bind to antibodies? Type I Type II Type III Type IV

Type III

The nurse is reviewing medications prescribed for a client with rheumatoid arthritis. Which medications will the nurse expect to be prescribed for this client? Select all that apply. Morphine sulfate Aspirin Heparin sodium Ibuprofen Methotrexate

aspirin, ibuprofen, Methotrexate

A client with rheumatoid arthritis reports disrupted sleep because of pain and stiffness. Which recommendations will the nurse make to help the client achieve restful sleep? Select all that apply. Avoid caffeine before bedtime. Take pain medications four hours before sleep. Create a quiet sleep environment. Establish a set time to sleep every night. Use relaxation exercises.

avoid caffeine before bedtime, create a quiet sleep environment, establish a set time to sleep every night, use relaxation excercises.

The nurse is completing an admission assessment for a client receiving interstitial implants for prostate cancer. The nurse documents this as external beam radiation therapy. systemic radiation. a contact mold. brachytherapy.

brachytherapy

A client with a history of peptic ulcer disease is diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis. What medication will the nurse anticipate will be prescribed to produce an anti-inflammatory effect and protect the stomach lining? sulfasalazine methotrexate ibuprofen celecoxib

celecoxib

The nurse is caring for a client with a benign breast tumor. The tumor may have which characteristic? Ability to invade other tissues Undifferentiated cells Causes generalized symptoms Slow rate of growth

slow rate of growth

Which of the following is the single largest preventable cause of cancer? Tobacco Arsenic Asbestos Pesticides

tobacco

The nurse is caring for a client with the diagnosis of colon cancer with metastasis to the liver. Which statement made by the client indicates an understanding of the diagnosis? "Once the colon tumor is removed, I will be fine." "How could I be so unlucky to get cancer twice?" "I will be happy once all the cancer is cut out." "My cancer has now spread to my liver."

my cancer has now spread to my liver

A client with cancer is being evaluated for possible metastasis. What is one of the most common metastasis sites for cancer cells? Colon Liver White blood cells (WBCs) Reproductive tract

liver

The nurse is teaching a client newly diagnosed with a peanut allergy about how to manage the allergy. What information should be included in the teaching? Select all that apply. Identify ways to manage allergy while dining out. List symptoms of peanut allergy. Food labels on baked items are the only labels that need to be read. Carry EpiPen autoinjector at all times. Wear a medic alert bracelet.

Identify ways to manage allergy while dining out, list symptoms of peanut allergy, carry Epipen at all times, wear a medical alert bracelet

A client with sickle cell anemia has a low hematocrit. high hematocrit. normal hematocrit. normal blood smear.

low hematocrit

A nurse is visiting the home of a client with AIDS who is experiencing HIV encephalopathy. When developing the plan of care for the client and his caregiver, the nurse identifies the nursing diagnosis of disturbed thought processes related to confusion and disorientation secondary to HIV encephalopathy. Which expected outcome would be most appropriate for the nurse to document on the client's plan of care? The client can state that he is at his home. The client nods that he understands the instructions. The client remains free of any injury when out of bed. The client engages in diversional activities.A nurse is visiting the home of a client with AIDS who is experiencing HIV encephalopathy. When developing the plan of care for the client and his caregiver, the nurse identifies the nursing diagnosis of disturbed thought processes related to confusion and disorientation secondary to HIV encephalopathy. Which expected o

The client can that he is at home

A client suspected of having systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is being scheduled for testing. The client asks which of the tests ordered will determine positivity for the disorder. Which statement by the nurse is most accurate? "Tell me more about your concerns about this potential diagnosis." "You should discuss that matter with your health care provider." "The diagnosis won't be based on the findings of a single test but by combining all data found." "SLE is a very serious systemic disorder."

The diagnosis wont be based on the findings of a single test but by combining all data found

A nurse is working in a health clinic at a retirement community. What is the nurse's primary rationale for recommending HIV testing for older adults? Older adults, who are sexually active don't use condoms. Older gay men, feeling less inhibited by social mores, tend to have multiple sex partners. Age-related immune system changes increase the risks of infections for older adults. Older adults may have received HIV-infected blood transfusions before 1985.

age-related immune system changes increase the risks of infections for older adults

A client has a history of sickle cell anemia with several sickle cell crises over the past 10 years. What blood component results in sickle cell anemia? hemoglobin M hemoglobin S hemoglobin F hemoglobin A

hemoglobin S

A patient was seen in the clinic for hypertension and received a prescription for a new antihypertensive medication. The patient arrived in the emergency department a few hours after taking the medication with severe angioedema. What medication prescribed may be responsible for the reaction? Vasodilator Angiotensin receptor blocker Beta blocker Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor

angiotensin-converting enzyme(ACE) inhibitor

Cryptococcus meningitis is suspected in a client with HIV. Which manifestations would be consistent with cryptococcus meningitis? Select all that apply. Seizures Psychomotor slowing Stiff neck Hyperreflexia Vacant stare

stiff neck, seizures

You are caring for a 13-year-old diagnosed with sickle cell anemia. The client asks you what they can do to help prevent sickle cell crisis. What would be an appropriate answer to this client? Drink at least 8 glasses of water every day. Avoid any activity that makes you short of breath. Stay on oxygen therapy 24/7. Avoid any sports that tire you out.

drink at least 8 glasses of water every day

An oncology nurse is caring for a client who relates that certain tastes have changed. The client states that "meat tastes bad." What nursing intervention can be used to increase protein intake for a client with taste changes? Stay away from protein beverages. Suck on hard candy during treatment. Encourage eating cheese, eggs, and legumes Encourage maximum fluid intake.

encourging eating cheese, eggs, and legumes

Which assessment suggests to the nurse that a client with systemic lupus erythematous is having renal involvement? Hypertension Chest pain Behavioral changes Decreased cognitive ability

hypertension

Which of the following is a characteristic of a malignant tumor? It grows by expansion. It is usually slow growing. It gains access to the blood and lymphatic channels. It demonstrates cells that are well differentiated.

it gains access to the blood and lymphatic channels

What disadvantages of chemotherapy should the patient be informed about prior to starting the regimen? It functions against disseminated disease. It targets normal body cells as well as cancer cells. It attacks cancer cells during their vulnerable phase. It causes a systemic reaction.

it targets normal body cells as well as cancer cells

A decrease in circulating white blood cells (WBCs) is referred to as Granulocytopenia Thrombocytopenia Neutropenia Leukopenia

leukopenia

While doing a health history, a client tells the nurse that her mother, her grandmother, and her sister died of breast cancer. The client asks what she can do to keep from getting cancer. What is the best response by the nurse? "Cancer prevention and detection can be done with blood analysis for tumor markers to measure your risk level." "Cancer often skips a generation, so don't worry about it." "With your family history, there is nothing you can do to prevent getting cancer, so be mindful of your family risk factors." "If you eat right, exercise, and get enough rest, you can always prevent breast cancer."

"Cancer prevention and detection can be done with blood analysis for tumor markers to measure your risk level"

An oncology clinic nurse is reinforcing prevention measures for oropharyngeal infections to a client receiving chemotherapy. Which statement by the client indicates that teaching was successful? "I clean my teeth gently several times per day." "I lubricate my lips with petroleum jelly." "I replace my toothbrush every month." "I use an alcohol-based mouthwash every morning

"I clean my teeth gently several times per day"

A nurse works in an employee health department of a hospital. She was asked to treat a staff nurse who was exposed to blood from a patient with an HIV infection. The nurse practitioner instituted a PEP protocol that includes which of the following actions? Select all that apply. Start prophylaxis medications between 3 to 6 hours after exposure. Practice safe sex for 2 weeks (time for HIV medications to reach a satisfactory blood level). Initiate postexposure testing after 4 weeks. Finish postexposure testing at 6 months. Continue HIV medications for 4 weeks postexposure.

continue HIV medications for 4 weeks postexposure initiate postexposure testing after 4 weeks, finish postexposure testing at 6 months

A client with rheumatoid arthritis has experienced increasing pain and progressing inflammation of the hands and feet. What would be the expected goal of the likely prescribed treatment regimen? minimizing damage eradicating pain eliminating deformities promoting sleep

minimizing damage