Project Management Test 1 Chapter 2

1. What applications will be required? 2. Who will train users? 3. What will support cost be? technology, organization, and business

1. Technology 2. Organization 3. Business

T or F Top management may devise the standards and guidelines to follow when performing project management.

True The content of a project management plan and instructions for providing status information might seem like common sense to senior managers, but many new IT project managers have never created plans or created a nontechnical status report. Top management must support the development of these standards and guidelines, and encourage or even enforce their use.

T or F In the agile method, requirements and solutions evolve through collaboration.

True Agile today means using an approach where requirements and solutions evolve through collaboration

T or F When you separate business and organizational issues from project management planning, you do a better job of ensuring project success.

False

T or F The last phase of the traditional project life cycle is the implementation phase that consumes the most resources.

False The last phase of the traditional project life cycle is finishing the project. It focuses on ensuring that project requirements were met and that the project sponsor approves completion of the project.

T or F It is much more expensive to make major changes to a project during the earlier phases.

False It is much more expensive to make major changes to a project during latter phases.

T or F It is a bad idea to assign non-IT people to IT projects.

False The Need for Organizational Commitment to Information Technology If the organization has a negative attitude toward IT, it will be difficult for an IT project to succeed Having a Chief Information Officer (CIO) at a high level in the organization helps IT projects Assigning non-IT people to IT projects also encourage more commitment

T or F According to the symbolic frame, the most important aspect of any event in an organization is not what actually happened, but what it means.

True Symbolic frame Symbols and meanings related to events. Culture, language, traditions, and image are all parts of this frame.

T or F The nature of hardware development projects is more diverse than software-oriented projects.

False A software development project might include creating a simple, stand-alone Microsoft Excel/Access application, or a sophisticated, global e-commerce system that uses state-of-the-art programming languages and runs on multiple platforms.

T or F An organization that uses a project organizational structure earns their revenue primarily from performing projects for other groups under contract.

True A project organizational structure is hierarchical, but instead of functional managers or vice presidents reporting to the CEO, program managers report to the CEO. Their staffs have a variety of skills needed to complete the projects within their programs. An organization that uses this structure earns its revenue primarily from performing projects for other groups under contract.

The _____ model uses an approach in which developers work with an evolving prototype, using tools such as computer-aided software engineering, joint requirements planning, and joint application design to facilitate rapid prototyping and code generation. a. prototyping life cycle b. waterfall life cycle c. RAD life cycle d. spiral life cycle

The waterfall life cycle model has well-defined, linear stages of systems analysis, design, construction, testing, and support. This life cycle model assumes that requirements will remain stable after they are defined. The prototyping life cycle model is used for developing software prototypes to clarify user requirements for operational software. It requires heavy user involvement, and developers use a model to generate functional requirements and physical design specifications simultaneously. This approach is often used in systems that involve a great deal of user interface design, such as website projects. The RAD life cycle model uses an approach in which developers work with an evolving prototype. This life cycle model also requires heavy user involvement and helps produce systems quickly without sacrificing quality.

T or F Internal stakeholders include groups affected by the project such as government officials or concerned citizens.

False External project stakeholders include the project's customers (if they are external to the organization), competitors, suppliers, and other external groups potentially involved in the project or affected by it, such as government officials or concerned citizens.

T or F Systems analysis addresses the business, technological, and organizational issues associated with creating, maintaining, and modifying a system.

False Systems management (rather than system analysis) addresses the business, technological, and organizational issues associated with creating, maintaining, and modifying a system. Systems analysis: Problem-solving approach

T or F Leadership style has little impact on the success of virtual teams.

False The project manager's leadership style affects all teams, especially virtual ones.

T or F Compared with the matrix organizational structure, the project organizational structure is a more efficient choice for most IT projects.

False The project organizational structure is often inefficient for the company as a whole. Assigning staff full time to a project often creates underutilization and misallocation of staff resources.

T or F Most people believe that the underlying causes of many companies' problems can be traced to its organizational structure.

False A set of shared assumptions, values, and behaviors that characterize the functioning of an organization Many experts believe the underlying causes of many companies' problems are not the structure or staff, but the culture

T or F Project managers should lead projects in isolation in order to truly serve the needs of the organization.

False Projects must operate in a broad organizational environment Project managers need to use systems thinking:Taking a holistic view of carrying out projects within the context of the organization

T or F An organization usually commits more money as a project continues, therefore a management review should occur after each phase to evaluate progress, potential success, and continued compatibility with organizational goals.

True Because the organization usually commits more money as a project continues, a management review should occur after each phase to evaluate progress, potential success, and continued compatibility with organizational goals.

T or F Project managers must take adequate time to identify, understand, and manage relationships with all project stakeholders.

True Because the purpose of project management is to meet project requirements and satisfy stakeholders, it is critical that project managers take adequate time to identify, understand, and manage relationships with all project stakeholders.