Project Management- Test #2

Work Breakdown Structures can be displayed in a variety of formats including which of the following?

an indented outline format, Hierarchical structure, Organizational chart diagram

Define Scope is the process of developing the

detailed specifications of the project outcomes and products

The process of developing an approximation of the cost of the monetary resources needed to complete project activities is known as:

estimate cost.

The "act" part of the PDCA cycle for project meetings is:

perform in-between meeting tasks

The components (principles) of Critical Chain Project Management include which of the following?

Avoid multi-tasking.

Which of these is NOT one of the primary types of information captured in a project meeting?

assumptions and constraints.

Which of the following strategies would NOT help a project team to develop realistic time estimates for project activities?

Add a significant buffer of time to each activity

All of the following factors must be in place in order to develop an analogous estimate effectively EXCEPT:

An organization must know details behind the time value of money.

It is helpful to list requirements and supporting information in a requirements traceability matrix. When requirements are complete, they should meet all of these criteria EXCEPT:

Assigned to a team member who will be the requirement owner

During which of the following Project Schedule Management processes does the team estimate the number of work periods that will be required to complete a schedule activity, usually expressed as workdays or workweeks?

Estimate activity durations

Which of the following statements correctly describes the critical path?

It consists only of activities with zero float (slack).

The cost management plan provides guidelines to the project manager and other stakeholders and serves all of the following purposes EXCEPT:

It documents how the project statement of work and business case should be created.

Despite the insights that PERT provides, there are still practical limitations that impact its usefulness. All of the following difficulties are associated with the use of PERT EXCEPT:

It highlights uncertainty in project duration

All of the following items describe an aspect of life cycle costing EXCEPT:

Life cycle cost only includes the project cost from initiating through closing

is the process of the project team communicating and working with stakeholders to satisfy their needs (and additional desires, when possible), handle issues quickly and encourage active stakeholder participation throughout.

Manage Stakeholder Engagement

Critical Chain method was developed to address several problems that are common in organizations that use traditional project scheduling. Which of the following describes a common problem addressed by the critical chain method?

Many team members tend to use all of the time available for an activity rather than completing it early.

A milestone is a typical measuring point used when establishing cost control. Which of the following DOES NOT accurately describes the use of cost control milestones?

Milestones are developed during risk planning

All of the following statements correctly describe an advantage or disadvantage associated with the use of Monte Carlo Analysis EXCEPT:

Monte Carlo simulations do not consider risks

The overall project is considered to be the first level of the WBS. All of the following methods can be used to organize the second level of the WBS EXCEPT:

Organized by activities and tasks

Complex projects such as research and development for new products often employ rolling wave planning to estimate costs. Which of the following best describes "rolling wave" planning?

Project managers render a definitive estimate for the first stage and an order of magnitude estimate for the remainder of the project.

All of the following statements correctly describe a contemporary approach to create the Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) for a project EXCEPT:

Project teams may rely upon the project manager to create all levels of the WBS

Project managers often confront the challenge of reducing excessive time commitments and overloads among project resources. All of the following methods represent a potentially viable strategy to reduce work overloads EXCEPT:

Require all project resources to work overtime

This technique is an iterative process that identifies and defines the work to be completely accomplished in the near term, and plans the future work at a higher level

Rolling wave planning.

A common tool project teams use is a responsibility assignment matrix (RAM). Typically, this chart will depict:

The roles key members of the team will play on each activity.

"Unknown unknowns" are unexpected events which can occur when the project is underway. All of the following accurately describe an implication associated with unknown unknowns EXCEPT:

They are usually discovered during risk identification

Work Breakdown Structures typically include one or more intermediate levels. Which of the following statements correctly describe the nature of these intermediate levels?

They generally represent items that need to be created in order to create the final deliverables.

There are many causes of variation in project costs. Which of the following accurately describes the nature of this variation?

Variation occurs in all work processes and the novelty associated with most projects creates many opportunities for variation

Which of these is NOT one of the three methods of communication that will be documented in a communication plan?

Virtual methods

The stakeholder register information can be used to evaluate the interests of different stakeholder groups by performing a _______ analysis to identify where there may be common areas of interest between the groups.

WIIFT (what's-in-it-for-them)

In the Plus-Delta method of evaluating project meetings, the "delta" column is used for team members to offer their opinion about one aspect of the meeting that ________.

Was poor and could be avoided (changed) in future meetings

Which of the following "Who" items is usually not included in the project communications matrix?

Who take the minutes at the next status meeting?

A project communications matrix includes all of the following information EXCEPT:

Why

Which of the following statements concerning work packages is NOT correct?

Work packages are activity elements with detailed descriptions of tasks and dependencies

Which of the following statements accurately describes a communications management plan?

a living document that considers stakeholders' information desires and guides the project communications.

Which of the following items best describes a project Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)?

a tool that the team uses to progressively divide deliverables into smaller and smaller pieces.

Creating a realistic schedule is often an iterative process because several factors can limit how fast a project can be completed. Which of the following factors can limit how fast a project can be scheduled and completed?

activity Duration, logical order, imposed dates, resource availability

Which estimating technique uses historical data from a similar project as a starting point for creating a time or cost estimate?

analogous estimating

The approved version of a work product that can be changed only through formal change control procedures is called a ____:

baseline.

Which estimating technique decomposes the work into detailed pieces for which estimates are prepared and then aggregated into a total quantity for the project?

bottom-up estimating

A _________ is a written request or formal proposal to propose changes to any project planning component such as a document, project deliverable, or baseline (scope, cost, and time).

change request

A project communications plan generally includes all of the following information EXCEPT:

communication cost

Which of the information below would NOT typically be included in the WBS dictionary for a specific work package?

communication requirements

Milestones are important points in a project schedule that can serve as check points for project managers and sponsors. Which of the following could be a reason to identify a milestone during project schedule planning?

completion of a major deliverable

The __________ is the approved time-phased project budget, excluding any management reserves, which can be changed only through formal change control procedures and is used as a basis of comparing actual results.

cost baseline.

The method of dividing the project scope into many parts that, when combined, would constitute the project deliverable is called

decomposition

By identifying stakeholders and their needs, project managers can be more effective in all the following ways EXCEPT:

derive the final budget

The total number of work periods (not including holidays or other non-work periods) required to complete a schedule activity is known as:

duration

Projects often include indirect costs that are not associated directly with one specific project. Which of the following items are most typically considered to be indirect costs?

executive salaries, utilities and insurance

What type of cost is incurred when a project must be conducted faster than normal, and overtime for workers and / or extra charges for rapid delivery from suppliers are necessary?

expedited costs

Which of the following responses identifies a common type of logical dependency used to sequence project activities?

finish-to-start

The amount of time a schedule activity can be delayed without delaying the early start date of any successor is known as:

free float

The project scope planning processes include all of the following EXCEPT

how the business case will be created

The staffing management plan addresses all of the following except:

how to create RACI charts.

The Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) is a framework that will be used as a basis for further planning activities including all the following EXCEPT:

identifying key stakeholders

A typical change request form will include which of the following content items?

information needed to track the request and the person who submitted it, a description of the change and why it is needed, the impact of making the change

Which of the following are ways to prioritized project stakeholders? (Select all that apply)

interest, impact, urgency, and power

A situation that requires a decision to be made, but one that the team that cannot make now, usually due to needing more information or time, is called a(n) _____:

issue

Events discovered during Identify Risks that may or may not occur are often categorized as:

known unknowns

On agile projects, the scope definition begins with :

large chunks of work, or features

The documentation of a project cost estimate generally requires substantial supporting detail to include all of these EXCEPT:

management reserve needs

The sequencing of activities is often based upon dependencies between the activities. The dependencies that should guide activity sequencing can be either:

mandatory or discretionary

All of the following elements should be included in a project scope statement EXCEPT:

names of the project team members

Activity based costing allocates indirect costs to fixed costs based on different types of cost drivers. Which of the following is one of the cost drivers that serve as a basis of cost allocation?

number of units produced

Which estimating technique uses an algorithm or a statistical relationship to calculate cost or duration based on historical data and other project parameters?

parametric estimating

The schedule activity that determines when the logical successor activity can begin or end is called the _______:

predecessor activity

Costs that repeat as project work continues such as writing code are appropriately classified as

recurring costs

Which of the following terms best describes extra money in the project budget to be used if necessary - usually if a risk event occurs?

reserve

The final item to be recorded on the project meeting minutes is an evaluation of both good and poor points from the meeting. On agile projects, this evaluation is called the ____:

retrospective

The process of gathering and evaluating information to determine whose interests should be emphasized throughout the project is called

stakeholder analysis

When estimating resource needs, project teams should consider which of the following?

support needs such as information systems, the time required to communicate between activities, specific knowledge or skills that are required, Human resources

Stakeholders include all of the following people EXCEPT:

those who will not be impacted by the project

Communications to stakeholders are necessary for which of the following reasons?

to help them take ownership of the project and make timely decisions

The work component at the lowest level of the WBS for which cost and duration can be estimated and managed is called the

work package