Propedeutics - general part

Skin melanosis is found in patients with: 1. Biliary hepatic cirrhosis 2. Hemochromatosis 3. Infectious endocarditis 4. Adrenal insufficiency 5. 1 and 3 6. 1, 2, 4 7.1, 2, 3,4

1, 2, 4 1. Biliary hepatic cirrhosis 2. Hemochromatosis 4. Adrenal insufficiency

Females suffer from iron deficiency anaemia: 1. 2 times oftener than males 2. 5 times oftener than males 3. 10 times oftener than males 4. No difference

10 times oftener than males

Males suffer from A haemophilia: 1. 5 times oftener than females 2. 10 times oftener than females 3. 100 times oftener than females 4. No difference

100 times oftener than females

Females suffer from rheumatoid arthritis: 1 2 times oftener 2. 3 times oftener 3. 10 times oftener 4. No difference

3 times oftener

Males suffer from duodenal ulcer: 1. 2 times oftener than females 2. 4 times oftener than females 3. 8 times oftener than females 4. No difference 5. 2 times rarely than females

4 times oftener than females

Males suffer from lung cancer: 1. 2 times oftener than females 2. 4 times oftener than females 3. 8 times oftener than females 4. No difference 5. 2 times more rarely than females 6. 4 times more rarely than females

4 times oftener than females

Females suffer from cholelithiasis: 1. 2 times oftener than males 2. 5 times oftener than males 3. 10 times oftener than males 4. No difference

5 times oftener than males

Females suffer from mitral stenosis: 1. 2 times oftener than males 2. 5 times oftener than males 3. 10 times oftener than males 4. No difference 5. 5 times more rarely than males

5 times oftener than males

Females suffer from pyelonephritis: 1. 2 times oftener than males 2. 5 times oftener than males 3. 8 times oftener than males 4. 5 times more rarely than males 5. No difference

8 times oftener than males

What is a goose gait? 1. A patient walks lifting the leg upwards, and then it falls to the floor 2. A patient walks with stiff legs, like on crutches 3. A patient walks swaying from one side to another

A patient walks swaying from one side to another

What is a festinating gait? 1. A patient walks lifting the leg upwards, and then it falls to the floor 2. A patient walks with stiff legs, like on crutches 3. A patient walks with small shuffling steps on bent legs

A patient walks with small shuffling steps on bent legs

What is a spastic gait? 1. A patient walks lifting the leg upwards, and then it falls to the floor 2. A patient walks with stiff legs, like on crutches 3. A patient walks swaying from one side to another

A patient walks with stiff legs, like on crutches

Febris remittens is usually found in case of: A)Pneumonia B) Lung abscess C) Malaria D) Influenza Right is: 1. A, B 2. A, B, C 3. A, C 4. A, B, C, D

A, B A)Pneumonia B) Lung abscess

Febris hectica is usually found in case of: A) Sepsis B) Disseminative pulmonary tuberculosis C) Malaria D) Pneumonia Right is: 1. A 2. A, B 3. A, B, C 4. A, B, C, D

A, B A) Sepsis B) Disseminative pulmonary tuberculosis

In what case febris continua is usually found? A) Tonsillopharyngitis B) Lung infiltrate C) Epidemic typhus D) Acute bronchitis Right is: 1. A, B 2. A, B, C 3. A, C 4. A, D

A, B, C A) Tonsillopharyngitis B) Lung infiltrate C) Epidemic typhus

A patient has abdominal pain, lies on his back with the right leg pulled to the abdomen. In the case of what disease can this forced position be observed? 1. Acute pancreatitis 2. Hepatitis 3. Renal colic 4. Acute appendicitis

Acute appendicitis

A patient sits bending forward. Oedema and shortness of breath usually are not present. In case of what disease can this forced position be observed? 1. Heart failure 2. During asthma attack 3. Acute pericarditis 4. Dry pleurisies

Acute pericarditis

Massive and watery oedemas often appear and relatively quickly disappear on the face (esp. around eye-holes) of a female patient. They are accompanied by the attacks of short breath. A patient often feels itching in the swollen region. What oedema does she have? 1. Renal 2. Cardiac 3. Venous (of congestion) 4. Lymphatic 5. Allergic

Allergic

Which illness leads to cachexia? 1. Anorexia neurosa 2. Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus 3. Bronchiectasis 4. Cushing's syndrome

Anorexia neurosa

Cyanosis isn't found in case of: 1. Cardiac asthma 2. Mitral failure 3. Cor pulmonale 4. Aortic failure

Aortic failure

What are hypersthenics more often ill with? 1. Arterial hypertension 2. Bronchial asthma 3. Dysentery 4. Gastritis

Arterial hypertension

What are hypersthenics more often ill with? 1. Arterial hypertension 2. Lung cancer 3. Duodenal ulcer 4. Appendicitis

Arterial hypertension

A patient has severe shortness of breath (mostly complicated and prolonged exhalation), sits on a bed, and leans on his arms (" rider's position" ). In case of what disease can this forced position be observed? 1. Attack of cardiac asthma 2. Attack of bronchial asthma 3. Hypertensive crisis 4. Lung emphysema

Attack of bronchial asthma

Febris recurrens is usually found in case of: A) Typhoid fever B) Recurrent typhoid fever C) Pneumonia D) Tuberculosis Right is: 1. A 2. A, B 3. A, B, C 4. B 5. A, B, C, D

B Recurrent typhoid fever

Febris undulans is usually found in case of: A) Lobar pneumonia B) Hodgkin lymphoma C) Brucellosis D) Pulmonary tuberculosis Right is: 1. A 2. B, C 3. A, B, C 4. A, C 5. A, B, C, D

B, C B) Hodgkin lymphoma C) Brucellosi

A patient with abdominal pains drags his knees up to the chest and chin. Often lies on his right side. In the case of what disease can this forced position be observed? 1. Dry pleurisies 2. Biliary colic 3. Diaphragmal hernia 4. Myocardial infarction

Biliary colic

A female patient has swollen feet, ankles and shins. Oedemas are relatively dense, after pushing a depression remains. Skin in the swollen region is transparent, cyanotic and cold. Oedemas are more expressed in the evenings than in the mornings. What oedema does she have? 1. Renal 2. Cardiac 3. Venous (of congestion) 4. Lymphatic 5. Allergic

Cardiac

What kind of oedema is it: oedema is diffuse, however feet, ankles and shins are puffed more severe. Oedema is more severe by the end of the day and it is accompanied by cyanosis. 1. Cardiac oedema 2. Renal oedema 3. Allergic oedema 4. Inflammatory oedema 5. Myxedematic oedema

Cardiac oedema

What pathology is spastic gait related to? 1. Parkinsonism 2. Central inferior paraparesis 3. Weakness of the distal muscles

Central inferior paraparesis

What pathology is ataxic gait related to? 1. Weakness of the distal muscles group 2. Weakness of the proximal muscles group 3. Cerebellospinal pathology 4. Double-sided muscular hypertonus

Cerebellospinal pathology

What are hypersthenics more often ill with 1. Cholelithiasis 2. Pulmonary tuberculosis 3. Rheumatic fever

Cholelithiasis

What are hypersthenics more often ill with? 1. Nephrolithiasis 2. Pancreatolithiasis 3. Cholelithiasis 4. Sialolithiasis

Cholelithiasis

The next skin colour is fond in infectious endocarditis: 1. Pale 2. Yellow 3. Cyanotic 4. "Coffee with milk" 5. Hyperaemic

Coffee with milk"

A patient is unconscious, neither reacting to irritants, not asking for eat or drink. Negative pupillary and corneal reflexes, no tendon reflex. What disorder of consciousness does he have? 1. Stupor 2. Coma 3. Somnolentia 4. Sopor

Coma

A patient half sits, the trunk is bent backwards, legs pulled down. Enlarged abdomen, skin cyanosis and oedemas on legs are observed. For what pathology is this forced position typical? 1. Hepatic cirrhosis 2. Congestion in a big circuit due to the heart decompensation 3. Abdominal tumours 4. Peritonitis

Congestion in a big circuit due to the heart decompensation

Facies lunata is found in case of: 1. Myxedema 2. Nephritic syndrome 3. Bronchial asthma 4. Heart failure 5. Cushing disease

Cushing disease

A patient is hyperactive, often has negative attitude to the surrounding (also to the personnel), can threaten them. He has no time or place orientation, is inadequate. Has different kinds (visual, auditory) of hallucinations. What disorder of consciousness does he have? 1. Stupor 2. Euphoria 3. Delirium

Delirium

Skin turgor (elasticity) is usually diminished due to: 1. Cachexia 2. Diabetic coma 3. Severe sweating 4. Anasarca 5. Prolonged vomiting

Diabetic coma

What are hypersthenics more often ill with? 1. Gastritis 2. Pancreatitis 3. Cholecystitis 4. Diaphragmal hernia

Diaphragmal hernia

Which illness leads to cachexia? 1. Posterior pituitary dysfunction 2. Dissipated destructive pulmonary tuberculosis 3. Acute enteritis 4. Adrenal cortical tumour

Dissipated destructive pulmonary tuberculosis

What pathology is spastic gait related to? 1. Weakness of the distal muscles group 2. Weakness of the proximal muscles group 3. Double-sided muscular hyper tonus

Double-sided muscular hyper tonus

A patient has severe piercing right side pain during every inhalation. He lies on the sore side pressing his hand to the sore place. In case of what disease can this forced position be, observed? 1. Pneumonia 2. Rib fractures 3. Dry pleurisies 4. Bronchiectasis

Dry pleurisies

What are asthenics more often ill with? 1. Duodenal ulcer 2. Diabetes mellitus 3. Cholelithiasis 4. Myocardial infarction

Duodenal ulcer

Febris irregularis is usually found in case of: 1. Influenza (flu) 2. Pleurisy with effusion 3. Dyshormonal vegetative fever 4. Disseminative pulmonary tuberculosis

Dyshormonal vegetative fever

What are asthenics more often ill with? 1. Nephrolithiasis 2. Enteroptosis 3. Pneumonia 4. Acromegalia

Enteroptosis

A patient is excited, doesn't take his disease seriously. Hyperactive, often aggressive. He often has disorders of sleep. What disorder of consciousness does he have? 1. Stupor 2. Euphoria 3. Delirium

Euphoria

Patient with heart failure has: 1. "Lion' s face" 2. "Parkinson' s mask" 3. "Vask doll' s face" 4. Facies Corvisart 5. Facies lunata

Facies Corvisart

What face is it? Yellowish scarlet face with cyanotic shade, pastous, half-open mouth, gasps for air. 1. Facies mitralis 2. Facies febrilis 3. Facies rosacea 4. Facies Corvisart

Facies Corvisart

What face is it? Pale greyish colour, the nose is pinched, the eyes are sunken, the temples hollow, the ears cold and retracted, the skin of the forehead covered with some sweat drops, the lips pendent, relaxed , and cold motionless look expression of suffering 1. Facies mitralis 2. Facies rotunda 3. Facies Hippocratica 4. Facies macra

Facies Hippocratica

What face is it? Enlarged cheekbones, enlarged nose and superciliary arches, widened teeth space, sparse and bent teeth, macroglossia, enlarged fingers. 1. Facies adenoidica 2. Facies rotunda 3. Facies acromegalica 4. Facies myxoedematosa

Facies acromegalica

What face is it? Expression full of fear, large wide-open eyes. Positives Grephe, Mebiuss, Shtelvag symptoms. 1. Facies febrilis 2. Facies Corvisart 3. Facies basedowiana 4. Facies adenoidica

Facies basedowiana

What face is it? Round scarlet face, adipose cheeks, thick chin, females often have hirsutism. 1. Facies lunata 2. Facies parotitica 3. Facies asthmatica 4. Facies Corvisart

Facies lunata

What face is it? Scarlet bluish cheeks, marked cyanosis of lips, apex nasi, ears. Yellowness of sclera could be observed. 1. Facies mitralis 2. Facies nephritica 3. Facies Corvisart 4. Facies febrilis

Facies mitralis

What face is it? Puffy face, hardened wax-like face. Narrow eye fissure, hypertrophied superior lip, "doll" face. 1. Facies rotunda 2. Facies nephritica 3. Facies myxoedematosa 4. Facies amimica

Facies myxoedematosa

What face is it? Pale, puffy or pastous face, especially around the eyelids. 1. Facies lunata 2. Facies myxoedematosa 3. Facies nephritica 4. Facies anemica

Facies nephritica

Fluctuations of the temperature are from 37 oC up to 39 oC, what type of temperature curve is it? 1. Febris intermittens 2. Febris remittens 3. Febris hectica 4. Febris continua 5. Febris recurrens

Febris remittens

A patient walks with small, shuffling steps, on bent legs. What kind of gait is it? 1. Spastic 2. Goose 3. Equine 4. Festinating

Festinating

Which disease oftener leads to cachexia? 1. Suprarenal tumour 2. Gastric or duodenal ulcer 3. Gastric cancer 4. B-12 hypovitaminoses

Gastric cancer

"Pigmented skin" symptom is found in case of: 1. Scleroderma 2.Myasthenia 3. Rheumatic fever 4. Gastric cancer 5. Hepatic biliary cirrhosis

Hepatic biliary cirrhosis

Chill is found in case of the next hepatic disorder: 1. Acute cholangitis 2. Acute viral hepatitis, pre-icteric stage 3. Relapse of chronic viral hepatitis 4. Hepatoma 5. Hepatic congestion due to right heart failure

Hepatic congestion due to right heart failure

Which illness leads to obesity? 1. Lack of A vitamin 2. Hyperfunction of the thyroid gland 3. Hyperfunction of the suprarenal cortex 4. Pulmonary emphysema

Hyperfunction of the suprarenal cortex

Which illness leads to obesity? 1. Hyperinsulinemia 2. Hyperthyroidism 3. Hyperaldosteronism 4. Hypopituitarism

Hyperinsulinemia

Which illness leads to consumptio? 1. Inanitio 2. Chronic cholecystitis 3. Heart failure 4. Pleural effusion

Inanitio

A female patient has red swollen sharply bordered zone on the left shin. Body temperature» is 38.6oC. She has fever, pains in leg. The disease has started suddenly, without visible cause. What kind of oedema does she have? 1. Cardiac 2. Renal 3. Inflammatory 4. Lymphatic 5. Allergic

Inflammatory

A patient has intense piercing right side pain; he tries to lie on the healthy side. In case of what disease can this forced position be observed? 1. Dry pleurisies 2. Intercostals neuralgia 3. Pulmonary artery thrombembolia

Intercostals neuralgia

It is typical for ataxic gait: 1. Weakness of the proximal muscles 2. Lack of a co-ordination and a position sense 3. Irritation of the pain receptors

Lack of a co-ordination and a position sense

. Constant pyrexia is usually found in: 1. Brucellosis 2. Malaria 3. Sepsis 4. Lobar pneumonia 5. Hodgkin lymphoma

Lobar pneumonia

Which illness leads to macies? 1. Hypervitaminosis E 2.Lung cancer 3.Adrenal cancer 4. Severe scoliosis

Lung cancer

Febris intermittens is usually found in case of: A) Influenza B) Lobar pneumonia C) Malaria D) Lupus erythematosus Right is: 1. A 2. A, B 3. A, B, C 4. C 5. A, B, C, D

Malaria

The next is usually observed in case of mechanic jaundice: 1. Flavinicterus 2. Melanicterus 3. Rubinicterus

Melanicterus

A patient lies on a bed with his trunk arched forward while the head and lower limbs are bent backward (opisthotonus). What disease can be characterised by this forced position? 1. Pneumonia 2. Peritonitis 3. Meningitis 4. uremic coma

Meningitis

Pallor isn't found in case of: 1. Anaemia 2. Shock 3. Aortic failure 4. Mitral failure

Mitral failure

Males suffer oftener from (to be compared to females): 1. Myocardial infarction 2. Pneumonia 3. Chronic glomerulonephritis 4. Urolithiasis

Myocardial infarction

What are hypersthenics more often ill with? 1. Myocardial infarction 2. Thromboangiitis obliterans 3. Septicaemia 4. Duodenal ulcer

Myocardial infarction

A female patient has evenly marked face, neck, arms and legs swellings. Oedemas are dense; an after-pressure hole does not remain. Skin in the swollen region (also on the face) is coarse, thick, dry and pale. Hyper pigmentation and hyperkeratosis is observed on elbows and knees. What kind of oedema does she have? 1. Cardiac 2. Renal 3. Myxoedematic 4. Allergic

Myxoedematic

Females suffer from aortic valve diseases: 1. 2 times oftener than males 2. 5 times oftener than males 3. 10 times oftener than males 4. No difference 5. 5 times more rarely than males

No difference

Which illness leads to obesity? 1. Thyrotoxicosis 2. Rheumatism 3. Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus 4. Suprarenal failure

Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

What is a hysteric gait? 1. A patient walks lifting the leg upwards, and then it falls to the floor 2. A patient walks with small shuffling steps on bent legs 3. Not adequate, affected gait, twitching and falling 4. Unstable, staggering, unconfident gait

Not adequate, affected gait, twitching and falling

What is an ataxic gait? 1. A patient walks lifting the leg upwards, and then it falls to the floor 2. A patient walks with stiff legs, like on crutches 3. A patient walks swaying from one side to another 4. Not stable, staggering, unconfident gait

Not stable, staggering, unconfident gait

Chlorosis is: 1. Paleness and greenish skin colour 2. Cyanosis and hyperpigmentation 3. Paleness and cyanosis

Paleness and greenish skin colour

A patient has severe pain in the upper part of the abdomen, lies on the abdomen, sometimes presses both his hands to it. In case of what disease can this forced position be observed? 1. Pancreatic tumour 2. Acute enterocolitis 3. Reflux esophagitis

Pancreatic tumour

What pathology is festinating gait related to? 1. Double-side muscular hyper tonus 2. Weakness of the proximal muscles 3. Parkinsonism 4. Irritation of the pain receptors

Parkinsonism

What is an equine gait? 1. Patient walks lifting the leg upwards, and then it falls to the floor 2. A patient walks with stiff legs, like on crutches 3. A patient walks swaying from one side to another

Patient walks lifting the leg upwards, and then it falls to the floor

Which illness usually leads to macies? 1. B-12 deficiency anaemia 2. Cholelithiasis 3. Pulmonary tuberculosis 4. C avitaminosis

Pulmonary tuberculosis

What are asthenics more often ill with? 1. Ren mobile 2. Gastritis 3. Diabetes mellitus 4. Obesity

Ren mobile

A female patient has oedemas on the face, more expressed on the superior eyelids, not great diffuse oedemas on legs and arms. Oedemas are relatively soft, and after-pushing depression quickly disappears. Face is pale. Oedemas are more marked in the mornings. What oedema does she have? 1. Renal 2. Cardiac 3. Venous (of congestion) 4. Lymphatic 5. Allergic

Renal

A patient has acute and very severe right lumbar pain. He is very uneasy, tosses and turns in a bed. In case of what disease can this forced position be observed? 1. Acute appendicitis 2. Acute relapse of duodenal ulcer 3. Renal colic 4. Attack of hysteria

Renal colic

A patient is in a coma, his skin is pale, dry and "powdered", pupils are wide, its reflections delayed, eyeballs are soft, breathing is very loud, deep and rare. What type of coma is it? 1. Hyperosmolar 2. Hypoglycaemic 3. Hepatic coma 4. Renal coma 5. Cerebral coma

Renal coma

A patient has strong pains in the heart region, face is covered with cold sweat, and he is pale and passive. In case of what disease can this condition be observed? 1. Lobar pneumonia 2. Abdominal typhoid 3. Severe myocardial infarction 4. Dry pericarditis

Severe myocardial infarction

What is plethora? 1. Skin paleness 2. Skin cherry-red colour 3. Skin melanosis 4. Marked skin cyanosis

Skin cherry-red colour

What is xantosis? 1. Mucous membrane colour 2. Nail colour 3. Skin colour 4. Feces colour

Skin colour

What is livor? 1. Skin paleness 2. Skin hyper pigmentation 3. Skin cyanosis 4. Skin paleness and cyanosis

Skin paleness and cyanosis

What is erythema pudoris? 1. Redness after sunburn 2. Plethoric rubor 3. Skin redness of vegetative nature 4. Redness due to some medicines

Skin redness of vegetative nature

A patient is drowsy, passive, and incapable of work. Sleeps the major part of a day. Many years suffers from glomerulonephritis. Which of the following disorders of consciousness does he have? 1. Sopor 2. Stupor 3. Torpor 4. Somnolentia

Somnolentia

A patient is in condition of permanent deep sleep. Doesn't respond to questions. Doesn't ask to eat or drink. Response to strong external irritants is short. Tendon, pupillary, corneal reflexes are retained. What disorder of consciousness does he have? 1. Stupor 2. Sopor 3. Somnolentia 4. Euphoria 5. Coma

Sopor

A patient walks with stiff legs, like on crutches. What kind of gait is it? 1. Ataxic 2. Hysteric 3. Spastic

Spastic

A patient has partially cloudy consciousness. He is absolutely motionless, responds slowly to a repeated question, often incoherently. Doesn't ask for food or water. What disorder does he have? 1. Sopor 2. Stupor 3. Somnolentia 4. Coma

Stupor

What are asthenics more often ill with? 1. Varicose veins of lower extremities 2. Arterial hypertension 3. Diabetes mellitus 4. Sarcoidosis

Varicose veins of lower extremities

What pathology is equine gait related to? 1. Weakness of the distal muscles group 2. Weakness of the proximal muscles group 3. Double-side muscular hypertonus

Weakness of the distal muscles group

What pathology is goose gait related to? 1. Weakness of the group of distal muscles 2. Weakness of the group of proximal muscles 3. Double-side muscular hypertonus

Weakness of the group of proximal muscles