Psy 130 Final

Which of the following statements is true of aging? -As people age, the heart muscles grow more elastic, increasing the maximum heart rate. -Regular exercise decreases cardiovascular and respiratory capacity from what it was in early adolescence. -As people age, the immune system produces fewer white blood cells. -Fertility in both genders increases as early adulthood progresses.

As people age, the immune system produces fewer white blood cells

According to Erikson's psychosocial theory, which of the following stages of life is associated with late adulthood? -Ego identity versus role diffusion -Ego integrity versus despair -Generativity versus stagnation -Intimacy versus isolation

Ego integrity versus despair

True or false: People who score high on the neuroticism scale of the five-factor model of personality tend to be insensitive to negative stimuli.

False

True or false: Today, single people are more likely to be perceived as socially inadequate or as failures.

False

Identify a concern for older adults living in urban areas. -Changes in family composition -Exposure to crimes of violence -Cultural traditions and myths -Increased public education costs

Exposure to crimes of violence

_____ refers to a syndrome wherein some children fail to leave home even by age 30. -Failure to thrive -The empty nest syndrome -Midlife transition -Failure to launch

Failure to launch

True or false: According to Erik Erikson, the central conflict or life crisis of early adulthood in which a person develops an intimate relationship with a significant other or risks heading down a path toward social isolation is called industry versus inferiority.

False

True or false: Ageism refers to the privilege enjoyed by older adults in society because of their age.

False

True or false: Among older couples, if each partner has a distinct area of expertise, there is an increased likelihood of clashes

False

True or false: In active euthanasia, death is hastened by means of withholding potentially life-saving treatments.

False

True or false: Unlike professional activities, leisure activities contribute little to the self-acceptance of retirees

False

Edward has just been diagnosed with an advanced stage of cancer. If Edward is in the first stage of dying as suggested by Kübler-Ross, which of the following is likely to be his reaction to his diagnosis? -He is likely to dismiss his diagnosis as a mistake. -He is likely to have come to terms with his diagnosis. -He is likely to blame his physician for not doing enough to cure him. -He is likely to be in a state of depression.

He is likely to dismiss his diagnosis as a mistake

_____ is an intrinsic motive for working. -Money -Insurance -Future security -Talent development

Talent development

Which of the following is true of the empty nest syndrome? -It affects middle-aged adults who separate from their spouses. -It usually affects individuals in their late teens. -It affects mothers much more than fathers. -It no longer exists during middle adulthood.

It affects mothers much more than fathers

Which of the following is true of grief? -Grief is a singular emotion, characterized by numbness. -It sends the immune systems of the bereaved people into overdrive. -It leaves the mourning people immune to certain types of disease. -It can bring on a heightened awareness of one's own mortality.

It can bring on a heightened awareness of one's own mortality

Which of the following is true of loneliness? -It can lead to feelings of mistrust. -It increases if people disclose personal information to potential friends. -It can occur because of life changes. -It decreases from childhood to adolescence.

It can occur because of life changes

What is Medicare? -It is a federal program that regulates healthcare costs for all uninsured Americans. -It is a federal program that covers a portion of the healthcare costs of people of all ages who are otherwise unable to afford coverage. -It is a federal program that partially funds health care for older Americans and the disabled. -It is a federal program that fully covers healthcare costs of terminally ill older adults in America.

It is a federal program that partially funds health care for older Americans and the disabled

Which of the following is true of cohabitation? -It is related to traditional views of gender roles. -It is seen as an alternative to living alone. -It is limited to gay couples. -It is related to traditional views of marriage.

It is seen as an alternative to living alone

Which of the following is true of a career change in middle adulthood? -It often involves change into related areas. -It is rarely voluntary. -It is always associated with negative changes in one's mental health. -It occurs more often in middle adulthood than in early adulthood.

It often involves change into related areas

Which of the following statements is true of activity theory? -It is based on the belief that physical activity is associated with a higher mortality rate in late adulthood. -It suggests that physical and social activities in late adulthood are likely to hasten physical and cognitive impairment of older adults. -It suggests withdrawal from society as an effective means to handle the challenges of successful aging. -It places many of the barriers to physical and social activities of older adults in social attitudes and in structural matters.

It places many of the barriers to physical and social activities of older adults in social attitudes and in structural matters

Which of the following best describes the boomerang generation? -It refers to young adults who were born right after the Second World War. -It refers to young adults who reject the traditional norms and values of their parents in order to establish a new social order. -It refers to young adults who return home to live with parents for financial reasons even after graduating college. -It refers to young adults who venture out on their own after graduating college

It refers to young adults who return home to live with parents for financial reasons even after graduating college.

Which of the following is a difference between love and friendship? -Love is related to states of decreasing sexual arousal, whereas friendship is related to states of increasing sexual arousal. -Love can lead to a loss of self-esteem, whereas friendship can lead to an increase in self-esteem. -Love is limited to feelings of affection, whereas friendship includes much more than affection. -Love can refer to states of passion or infatuation, whereas friendship is based on shared interests, liking, and respect.

Love can refer to states of passion or infatuation, whereas friendship is based on shared interests, liking, and respect

Which of the following is likely to help individuals depart their lives with dignity and integrity? -Meeting squarely the challenges of their adult lives -Choosing work-role preoccupation rather than ego differentiation -Gradually disengaging from society after middle adulthood -Stagnation rather than generativity in middle adulthood

Meeting squarely the challenges of their adult lives

Identify a reason life expectancy among men trails that among women by about five years. -Men are less likely to die from accidents, cirrhosis of the liver, strokes, homicide, HIV/AIDS, and cancer. -Women tend to avoid medical attention until preventable or treatable problems become life-threatening. -Men indulge in unhealthful habits that are more typical of them, such as drinking, reckless behavior, and smoking. -Heart disease typically develops later in men as compared to women due to the presence of estrogen.

Men indulge in unhealthful habits that are more typical of them, such as drinking, reckless behavior, and smoking

Which of the following statements is true of psychological problems in late adulthood? -Anxiety disorders are unlikely to coexist with depression. -Depression in older people cannot usually be treated successfully with the same means that work in younger people. -Older women are approximately twice as likely to be affected by anxiety disorders than older men. -Older women who lose their social networks are more likely to commit suicide due to depression than older men.

Older women are approximately twice as likely to be affected by anxiety disorders than older men

Which of the following is a true statement regarding sexuality during early adulthood? -People in this stage still experience the flood of sex hormones that affected them as adolescents. -Sexual activity is less common than the adolescence stage. -Sexual opportunities are less common than the adolescence stage. -The chances of contracting a sexually transmitted infection are at their lowest.

People in this stage still experience the flood of sex hormones that affected them as adolescents

Which of the following is true of cognitive development? -As with physical development, people are at the height of their cognitive powers during late adulthood. -People typically retain their verbal skills and may even show improvement in vocabulary and general knowledge as they age. -Performance on tasks that require reasoning or problem-solving speeds, and visual-spatial skills tends to decline in early adulthood. -Crystallized intelligence is more susceptible to age than fluid intelligence.

People typically retain their verbal skills and may even show improvement in vocabulary and general knowledge as they age

Which of the following statements is true of physical attractiveness? -Research shows that physical attractiveness is not a major determinant of interpersonal attraction. -Research shows that physical attractiveness is a major determinant of sexual attraction. -Women appear to be more responsive to the physical appeal of the opposite gender than men. -Women appear to be less attractive to men when they are in the fertile phase of their ovulatory cycle.

Research shows that physical attractiveness is a major determinant of sexual attraction

Which of the following is true of skin changes that occur toward the end of early adulthood? -The skin becomes more elastic. -Signs of skin deterioration are more common in women than in men. -Skin tightening, a sign of skin deterioration, occurs toward the end of early adulthood. -The skin continues to be wrinkle free.

Signs of skin deterioration are more common in women than in men

In the context of women and parenthood in the United States, identify a true statement. -The median age for a woman's first birth is 26.3. -The median age for a woman's first birth is 30.2. -The median age for a woman's first birth is 38.5. -The median age for a woman's first birth is 45.8.

The median age for a woman's first birth is 26.3

Identify an event that is likely to trigger a midlife crisis among middle-aged adults. -The acquisition of a new home -The wedding of a grandchild -The birth of nephews and nieces -The death of a parent or a friend

The death of a parent or a friend

Which of the following is true of bone fractures? -They pose a greater threat to those who engage in walking as a regular exercise than those who do not. -They pose a greater threat to men than to women due to the poor bone density of men. -They are more common among women after menopause than among young women. -They are characteristics of the normal aging process.

They are more common among women after menopause than among young women

Which of the following is true of theories of development during middle adulthood? -They debate whether or not middle adulthood is a distinct stage of life. -They suggest that one's age is the primary determinant of when middle adulthood begins. -They agree that middle adulthood begins at age 35. -They all include the concept of a midlife crisis.

They debate whether or not middle adulthood is a distinct stage of life

According to Erikson's psychosocial theory of development, which of the following is true of people who are unable to have children? -They have no alternative but to experience stagnation. -They are better off psychologically than those who have more than two children. -They need to find substitutes to satisfy their need for generativity. -They have high self-esteem.

They need to find substitutes to satisfy their need for generativity

True or False: An intrinsic reward for working is developing one's talent

True

True or false: According to Sternberg, liking someone is associated with intimacy alone, without passion or long-term commitment.

True

True or false: Chronic alcoholism can cause dementia

True

True or false: In middle adulthood, the number of friends tends to dwindle, and couples and individuals tend to place more value on the friends they keep.

True

True or false: Reaction time is the amount of time it takes to respond to a stimulus.

True

True or false: Self-esteem in late adulthood is tied into independence and dependence.

True

Which of the following is true of people during middle adulthood? -There is great loss of fluid intelligence during middle adulthood. -Women become more aware that their "biological clocks" are ticking. -The sperm count and "swimming ability" of sperm begin to decline markedly at age 30. -Most people in middle adulthood suffer major loss of physical prowess.

Women become more aware that their "biological clocks" are ticking

Hank is 45 years old. Recently, he got divorced, moved across town, and is dating a young woman half his age. According to Levinson, Hank is most likely experiencing _____. -a midlife crisis -high generativity -low stagnation -the glass ceiling effect

a midlife crisis

Today, single people: -are happy as they receive more benefits from the government. -have the same sexual interests and lifestyles as those who are not single. -encounter more social stigma as compared to the past. -are less likely to be perceived as socially inadequate.

are less likely to be perceived as socially inadequate

Implicit memory is associated with the ability to: -visually associate people with their names. -remember past incidents and general knowledge. -automatically recall things learnt by repetition. -recollect our plans for the future.

automatically recall things learnt by repetition

The _____ is responsible for certain automatic functions, such as reflexes like breathing. -brain stem -frontal lobe -cerebellum -hindbrain

brain stem

The life-events approach to middle adulthood focuses on: -various stages of life. -the outcome of the glass ceiling effect on middle-aged women. -the mental changes that occur due to the midlife crisis defined by Levinson. -challenges and changes that people face in this time.

challenges and changes that people face in this time

Tyson, a 45-year-old man, is known among his colleagues for his timely and accurate work. His bosses trust him for his thoroughness and reliability. According to the "big five" model of personality factors, Tyson displays _____. -neuroticism -extraversion -conscientiousness -agreeableness

conscientiousness

Unlike hospitals, hospices: -focus on curative treatment rather than palliative care. -tend to be highly expensive. -consider the entire family to be the unit of care. -function to save lives of patients.

consider the entire family to be the unit of care

Consummate love is: -considered complete love, with passion, commitment, and intimacy in full measure. -what develops when passion is high but commitment is low. -a brightly burning, passionate relationship that burns out quickly. -what develops when two individuals are intimate and committed friends but have little passion for each other.

considered complete love, with passion, commitment, and intimacy in full measure

Farrah and Michael have been in a relationship for five years and have found that their love for each other, which was initially based solely on passionate love, has flowered into a strong relationship to include commitment and intimacy along with passion. In this scenario, their relationship can be considered: -companionate love. -infatuation. -foolish love. -consummate love.

consummate love

According to Robert Havighurst, keeping our performance at work at a satisfactory level is considered a developmental task during _____. -late adulthood -adolescence -middle adulthood -early adulthood

middle adulthood

In the United States, the task of caring for aging parents usually falls to the _____. -middle-aged daughter -teenage daughter -youngest son -first-born son

middle-aged daughter

As early adulthood progresses, fertility: -increases for both men and women. -declines for women, but not for men. -declines gradually for both men and women. -remains stable for men and increases for women.

declines gradually for both men and women

Corinne is going through a hostile divorce, and her youngest child is leaving home for college. She is also facing the threat of downsizing at her workplace. She blames herself for all her sorrows and sees the future as bleak and hopeless. Corinne is most likely to: -learn new skills more easily than in the past. -face a host of harmful health problems. -recover quickly from the empty nest syndrome. -experience a spike in fluid intelligence.

face a host of harmful health problems

The first stage in Donald Super's theory of career development is the _____. -fantasy stage -maintenance stage -tentative choice stage -realistic choice stage

fantasy stage

Careful monitoring of the _____ is usually recommended for women who become pregnant at 35 or later. -liver -fetus -brain -hair

fetus

In the context of middle adulthood, _____ is defined as the ability to produce. -generativity -extraversion -conscientiousness -assertiveness

generativity

Patients in _____ often face death alone, cut off from their usual supports. -hospices -ancestral homes -hospitals -old-age homes

hospitals

According to the _____, the immune system is preset to decline by an internal biological clock. -cross-linking theory -free-radical theory -wear-and-tear theory -immunological theory

immunological theory

Felix is in the stage of early adulthood. In the context of studies conducted by Erik Erikson on the stages of life, the core conflict he is likely to face is _____. -intimacy versus isolation -superiority versus inferiority -autonomy versus dependence -attempt versus abstinence

intimacy versus isolation

Dualistic thinking: -involves dividing the cognitive world into opposites, such as good and bad. -reflects the type of thought processes adults develop after college. -reflects the most mature type of thought process in adults. -occurs during Piaget's fifth stage of cognitive development.

involves dividing the cognitive world into opposites, such as good and bad

Early adulthood: -involves establishing careers or pathways in life. -occurs at the same time for all people. -occurs after emerging adulthood is completed and does not overlap. -occurs later for women than for men.

involves establishing careers or pathways in life

According to contemporary researchers, reminiscence in old age: -is a sign of dementia. -results in stagnation rather than generativity. -hinders the achievement of ego integrity. -is a normal aspect of aging.

is a normal aspect of aging

Levinson suggested that the midlife crisis: -is responsible to help people experience tranquility and contentment in later years. -is a problem only for men. -is triggered by marker events such as menopause or the death of a friend. -is a psychological shift into late adulthood that is theorized to occur between the ages of 50 to 55.

is triggered by marker events such as menopause or the death of a friend

When a person dies, a doctor needs to be called in to: -perform an autopsy. -remove the body from the place of death. -make funeral arrangements. -issue the death certificate.

issue the death certificate

Looking back on the events of one's past in late adulthood, often in an effort to construct a meaningful narrative, is called _________ . ​-ego transcendence -ego differentiation -identity search -life review

life review

When young adults are "launched" from their home, _____. -they are usually completely financially independent of their parents -they are usually depressed for a while -parents are usually dissatisfied with their children living apart even if they call or e-mail regularly -parents still may have some influence over their children's choices

parents still may have some influence over their children's choices

In the context of handling interpersonal conflicts, older adults are more likely than young adults to: -seek support from others. -solve the problem. -express their frustration. -remain unperturbed.

remain unperturbed

The symptoms of _____ include the appearance of a hard, painless chancre at the site of infection within 2-4 weeks. -syphilis -chlamydia -gonorrhea -genital warts

syphilis

Glaucoma is characterized by: -clouding of the eye lens. -the weakening of the ciliary muscles. -inflammation and damage of the retina. -the buildup of fluid pressure inside the eyeball.

the buildup of fluid pressure inside the eyeball

Many young adults adopt what Levinson calls _____, the drive to become someone, to leave one's mark on history—which serves as a tentative blueprint for life. -ethnocentrism -the dream -the self-fulfilling prophecy -the personal fable

the dream