PSY 2012 - CHAPTER 5

CHAPTER

5A

CHAPTER

5B

CHAPTER

5C

This famous experiment by _____ involved rearing monkeys with two artificial mothers

Harry Harlow and Margaret Harlow

Noah is a 3-month-old baby who is staring intently at the new person who just came in to visit his parents. What has happened here?

He has an inborn preference for the new stimulus.

Jake is a 3-month-old baby who is no longer as interested in a puppet head as he once was. What has happened here?

He has become habituated.

At 19, Celia is beginning to plan for her future. She no longer lives for the moment. She wants to become a doctor, so she knows she has buckle down in school. What is probably happening to Celia?

Her frontal lobes are growing.

You read about a woman who is seven months pregnant and has been reciting poems and singing to her fetus. Is she wasting her time?

No, she is not wasting her time. Her baby can hear her and will likely recognize her voice immediately after birth.

Imagine that 10-year-old children were shown photographs of 3-year-old preschoolers and asked to spot former classmates. What were the probable results?

They forgot all of their classmates.

Three-year old Sam is talking to his grandmother on the phone. He says, "Look what I got today." Sam's mom explains that his grandmother can't see him. Is Sam's mom wasting her time explaining?

Yes, Sam has not developed a theory of mind yet.

Daniel just celebrated his 25th anniversary at the company. He feels that his gold watch is just a meaningless trinket and is glad that he is able to balance his work with family life. Daniel is probably feeling:

a sense of purpose.

Ben is the son of a teenage mother. She could not handle taking care of him and put him up for adoption when he was 4 weeks old. Ben was placed in a foster home where he was abused. As an adult, Ben is more likely to be a(n) _____ parent.

abusive

After Nadia learned that penguins cannot fly, she had to modify her existing concept of birds. This best illustrates the process of:

accommodation

Hussein is concerned because he cannot remember events before he was about 4 years old. This is called infantile _____.

amnesia

Although physical decline begins in early adulthood, it is not until later in life that it becomes really noticeable. Which of the following declines in later life?

auditory levels muscle strength visual sharpness

The culturally preferred timing of events such as marriage, parenthood, and retirement is known as the social _____.

clock

Compared to a century ago, menarche now occurs _____ in life and adult independence begins _____ in life.

earlier; later

Three-year old Sam is talking to his grandmother on the phone. He says, "Look what I got today." Sam is displaying _____.

egocentrism

Malcolm was contemplating dropping out of high school when he was asked to enroll in a volunteer program. Every week he worked in a local daycare center, helping the children with their projects. The children appreciated his help. After a few months, it is likely that Malcolm will:

feel better about himself and not drop out.

According to Jonathon Haidt, moral intuition is associated with _____ first, followed by _____ second.

feelings; reasoning

Physical and cognitive abnormalities in children that are the result of a pregnant woman's heavy drinking are known as _____. Pia has just given birth to a 6-pound baby girl. Her infant's head is small and slightly disproportioned. Pia did drink alcohol while she was pregnant, although it is not clear how much or how often she drank. It is possible that the infant has _____.

fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)

Marissa resents the burden and constraints of caring for her infant daughter. She frequently ignores her daughter's cries for attention. As a consequence, her daughter is most likely to display signs of _____ attachment.

insecure

Jenny has a great job, a cat named Jake, and 31 candles on her birthday cake. She is worried about finding the "right man." She frequently spends nights alone and knows she is not getting any younger. Most likely Jenny is struggling with _____ issues.

intimacy

Carolyn Rovee-Collier's research on infants revealed specific, but not generalized, _____ learning.

motor

Five-year-old Ling is beginning to show signs of being able to plan ahead in a somewhat rational manner. At her age, this development is likely due to neural _____ sprouting in her frontal lobes.

networks

What marks the beginning of adolescence?

physical signs of sexual maturation

Mark believes that choosing to violate government laws is morally justifiable if it is done to protect the lives of innocent people. Lawrence Kohlberg would suggest that this illustrates _____ morality.

postconventional

Patricia is 60 years old. She is starting to forget appointments. She has to put reminders in her phone. Patricia is trying to jog her _____ memory.

prospective

A public initiation into adult responsibilities and status is called a _____ of passage.

rite

Every time 2-year old Rosa goes near the stove, her mother stops her and says, "No, hot!" Rosa's mother is providing her with a _____ to help her internalize

scaffold

Chuck is starting to notice facial hair and hair under his arms. His voice also seems to be deepening. He is noticing changes in _____ sex characteristics.

secondary

The National Institute of Mental Health is conducting a study on older adults (50 to 75 years of age) regarding memory and response time in relation to timed tasks. They are bringing in all age groups at once to compare the differences. This is a(n) cross-_____ study.

sectional

According to Jean Piaget, during this stage of cognitive development, object permanence and stranger anxiety are the developmental phenomena that occur.

sensorimotor

John is a star basketball player on the high school team. He is very tall. He is also very popular with both boys and girls. John is more likely to be:

sexually active

Julia was born in France. For the first 3 years of her life, she spoke both French and English. Then she moved to the United States. From age 3 on, she only spoke English. Now, as a high school student, Julia will study French. It is most likely that she will:

speak with a genuine French accent.

A developmental psychologist studies the responses of a newborn. She puts her finger in the baby's fist. The baby grasps it. Then she strokes the baby's palm and the baby puts his fist in his mouth and sucks. The psychologist is testing the baby's _____ instincts.

survival

Brenda has suffered from epilepsy all her life. She takes Trileptal to control her seizures. Recently she found out she was pregnant with her first child. She read that her medication is a Category C medication, meaning the benefits may outweigh the risks. However, no adequate studies have been performed on the medication for pregnant women. While she was excited to be pregnant, she was concerned about continuing to take the medication. She asked her doctor whether Trileptal was a _____.

teratogen