PSY 230 Final Quizlet

Which of the following is true regarding the advantages of conducting a factorial ANOVA over conducting two, separate one-way ANOVAs?

A factorial ANOVA allows evaluation of both the main effects of the two independent variables and the interaction between them.

eta squared

A measure of association used with the analysis of variance that indicates what proportion of the variance in the dependent variable is explained by variance in the independent variable

Type 2 error

Failing to reject a false null hypothesis

You conduct a one-way ANOVA and receive the output printed in the packet. Which one of the statements is true? -Homogeneity of variance was not violated; there was a significant difference between the means of one or more groups tested. -Homogeneity of variance was not violated; there was NO significant difference between the means of one or more groups tested. -Homogeneity of variance was violated; a test other than a standard one-way ANOVA should be used on these data. -There were two groups with 250 participants in each group.

Homogeneity of variance was not violated; there was NO significant difference between the means of one or more groups tested.

1 - Beta =

Power

Which of the following is true?

Reject H 0 when F obt ≥ F crit .

Type 1 error

Rejecting null hypothesis when it is true

Which is represented by the following? µ 1 = µ 2 = µ 3 = ... = µ k

The null hypothesis for a one-way analysis of variance.

Based on the graph above, which one of the following answers is correct?

There is a main effect for Time of Exercise.

Cohen's d

a measure of effect size that assesses the difference between two means in terms of standard deviation, not standard error

The variability within groups is assumed to be due to ____________

chance

The variability within groups is assumed to be due to ____________.

chance

Nondirectional

change in

In an ANOVA, an increase in within-group variability will ___________ power.

decrease

68%, 95%, 99.7%

empirical rule stating that the percentage of these values all fall within 1, 2, 3 standard deviations respectively

You are designing an experiment that will use of a one-way ANOVA. Your independent variable is Time of Day and includes the following three categories:morning, afternoon, and evening . In statistical terminology, Time of Day is known as a ________________.

factor

A _________________ experiment is one in which the effects of two or more factors are assessed in one experiment.

factorial

A significant F test (i.e., F obt ≥ F crit ) provides sufficient information to identify which group(s) differed from the others. (T/F)

false

Directional

increase or decrease

Multiple t-tests =

increased probability of a type 1 error

In an ANOVA, the term factor is synonymous with ______________.

independent variable

In the parlance of ANOVAs, the word factor denotes the:

independent variable

A/an ________________ effect occurs when the effect of one factor is not the same at all levels of the other factor.

interaction

When the effect of one factor is not the same at all levels of another factor, a/an _____________ is said to have occurred.

interaction

You are conducting a factorial ANOVA. One of your independent variables is Exercise Intensity and contains the following three categories: light, moderate, and vigorous . These categories are known as __________.

levels

You are designing an experiment that will use a one-way ANOVA. Your independent variable is Time of Day and includes the following three categories: morning, afternoon , and evening . In statistical terminology, these three categories are known as ______.

levels

You're exploring the differences in examination scores (DV) associated with varying amounts of sleep (IV). You categorize the amount of sleep into groups: "high," "medium," and "low." In terms of the use of an ANOVA, these groups are called ________________.

levels

A/an __________ effect is the effect of one factor averaged across the levels of the other factor.

main

The effect of one factor averaged over the effects of another factor is called:

main effect

Power =

probability of a type 1 error

coefficient of determination =

r^2 (r-squared)

You hear that a group of PSY302W students will be using a 2 x 2 ANOVA. This means that _____________________.

their design has two factors, each of which has two levels

Is the following statement true or false? When there is an interaction effect, care needs to be taken when interpreting main effects.

true

Range of correlation for Pearson's R

-1 to 1

Range of correlation for Spearman's Rho

-1 to 1

When sample size increases in a t distribution...

...so do degrees of freedom.

Which one of the following alpha levels is associated with the lowest probability of a Type I error? .001 .01 .05 .10

.001

The mean of Z scores is always:

0

Power + Beta =

1

Standard deviation of z scores is always:

1

What are three characteristics of the sampling distribution of F ?

1) It is positively skewed. 2) It is always a positive value. 3) Its median value is approximately 1.

In your analysis you are comparing three groups with six participants in each group. Determine Fcrit assuming an alpha level of .05.

3.68

When interpreting F(3,15) = 5.67, p = .05, how many groups were examined?

4

ANOVA is also known as a/an

F test

F obt = _______________________________.

MSbetween/MSwithin

Why don't we use multiple t tests instead of an ANOVA to compare group means?

Multiple t tests would increase (inflate) the probability of a Type I error.

The formula to calculate df within is ______________.

N - k

_________ is a relatively unbiased estimate of an ANOVA's effect size.

Omega squared

Omega squared

Statistical index of the degree to which the independent variable accounts for the variance in the dependent variable

When you "sit" on the normal curve...

T becomes larger

Which of the following is true regarding a 2 X 3 factorial ANOVA? -You will conduct two separate one-way ANOVAs, each of which has three levels of a single factor. -The analysis of variance includes two factors. The first factor has two levels and the second has three. -The analysis of variance includes a single factor with two levels. There are three participants in each group. -The factorial ANOVA will test two primary hypotheses and three secondary hypotheses.

The analysis of variance includes two factors. The first factor has two levels and the second has three.

Which of the following is NOT true about the F distribution? It will always be positive. It is positively skewed. The distribution is bell-shaped.

The distribution is bell-shaped.