PSY 240 Quiz 8

Statistics reveal that despite an increase in reaction time for middle-aged drivers, they have fewer accidents than younger drivers. This is attributed to all of the following EXCEPT older drivers

Are more hesitant due to lack of confidence

All of the following are related to the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in women EXCEPT

Bone marrow replacement therapy

Psychoneuroimmunologist note that stress produces three major consequences which include all of the following EXCEPT

Direct emotional consequences

Martha cannot accept that she is getting older. When contemplating her age, she experiences deep despair. According to Bernice Neugarten, what is Martha's personality type

Disintegrated and disorganized

The final stage of grief is typically represented by people.

Reaching the accommodation stage where they pick up the pieces of their lives and construct new identities.

Georgia is a 68-year-old woman who has had several strokes. She has lost her speech, use of her right hand, and her ability to work. Because of other complications, Georgia's physician has informed her that she will never be able to return home, will most likely live out her remaining days in a nursing facility, and then possibly a hospice. Georgia is showing signs of profound sadness. According to Kubler-Ross theory Georgia is experencing

Reactive depression

JoAnn finds it easy to get close to others. She has no difficulty depending on others and is comfortable having them depend on her. JoAnn readily enters into relationships with others and feels energized by new relationships. Which of the following attachment styles most likely fits JoAnn?

Secure attachment

During the period of early adulthood all of the following is true about physical development EXCEPT

Senescence is rapidly increasing

Sharon is 52 years old. She has enjoyed doing crossword puzzles for many years. Recently she has noticed that it is taking longer for her to complete them. The most likely reason for the delay is

Sharon's reaction time is slowing with age

In relation to the big five personality trait theory, the degree to which a person is moody, anxious, and self-critical is referred to as

Neuroticism

Which of the following is NOT a reason why friendships are more highly valued by older people in late adulthood than family relationships?

New friendships require much less time and effort than maintaining family ties

Carlos, age 50, says that he can no longer hear the high pitched train whistle in the distance from his home, but reports being able to hear low pitch sounds perfectly fine. After receiving a hearing test, the audiologist will most likely diagnose Carlos with

Presbycusis

When medical conditions such as asthma, arthritis, ulcers, and high Bp are caused by stress, they are considered to be

Psychosomatic disorders

Charlotte is a high school honors student. Recently, Charlotte's grades have declined, she appears depressed, and she has been having difficulty controlling her moods and often snapping at her mother for minor things. Charlotte's parents report that she is only sleeping five hours a night. Charlotte is most likely suffering from

Sleep deprivation

Margo fears being fat. Although her true appearance is skeletal, her troubled body image leads her to believe that she is grossly overweight. Margo may be suffering from a disorder known as

Anorexia nervosa

The big five theory of personality traits

Appears stable across adulthood

The risk of breast cancer becomes increasingly more likely after the age of

30

Although significant progress in closing the gender wage gap has been made in the last 40 years, current statistics show that ____ of the labor force is made up of women

55%

the average middle-aged person spends approximately __ hours a week socializing

6

Arnold, a 48-year-old male, has decided to dye his hair and get a facelift to look younger. He regrets the passing of time and the events of his life. Arnold left his wife, Ella, of 20 years and is dating a woman half his age. Ella claims that Arnold is on a spree, travelling, spending money on his girlfriend, and selling his van for a sports car. According to Levinson, Arnold is experiencing

A midlife crisis

____ is/are the leading cause of death in early adulthood.

Accidents

____ is/are the most frequent cause of death among adolescents.

Accidents

Sixteen-year-old James thought he was well-prepared to take his driver's test; however, he was surprised to learn that he failed the written test and did not receive his license. Rather than reviewing the areas on the test where he did not do so well, James blamed his father for not coaxing him to put more time into studying for the test. James' behavior could be considered an example of

Adolescent egocentrism

According to research, socio-economic status (SES) plays a major role in the health of middle-aged adults. The lower a family's income, the more likely it is that a member will experience a disabling condition because

All of the above

Although middle adulthood is generally a period of good health, susceptibility to chronic disease such as___ increase.

All of the above

In Western society, marriages tend to unravel because

All of the above

Life expectancy has continued to rise for the world's population because of

All of the above

Psychologist K. Warner Schaie suggests that when making determinations about age-related differences in intelligence, specific types of intelligence must be considered such as

All of the above

___ may impair the ability of the body's natural cells to fight off cancer

Negative emotions

Jeremy is a 68-year-old man. He finds it increasingly difficult to manage simple everyday tasks because of painful swelling of the joints in his hands. Jeremy is likely to be diagnosed with

Arthritis

During childhood, the most frequent causes of death is/are

Automobile accidents, fires, and drowning

Current statistics reveal a trend toward hiring the elderly for employment. Which would be the most likely incentive for this growing practice?

Baby boomers are retiring, so the workforce is shrinking

______ is NOT characteristic of bulimia

Being grossly underweight

_______ is a form of sexism which women are placed in stereotypic and restrictive roles that appear on the surface to be positive.

Benevolent sexism

David and Rose have lost their son in a tragic automobile accident. Both have decided to take a period of time away from their community to acknowledge the death of their son. The couple is experiencing

Bereavement

____ is a diagnosis of death that is marked by cessation of all signs of brain activity, and is measured by electrical brain waves.

Brain death

Brian is 5-year-old and his grandpa recently died. Which of the following reactions is Brian NOT likely to experience?

Brian would want grandpa to be buried because he realizes that his grandpa will never come back to life.

According to demographics, the proportion of minority students that enroll in college has decreased over the past decade. Education experts attribute this decline to

Changes in the availability of financial aid

_______ is NOT an example of a secondary sexual characteristics

Changes in the vagina and uterus

Katie and Jamie have been happily married for 12 years, and they still enjoy an active sex life. Although they have several children, they manage to set aside time for being alone and enjoying intimacy. Psychologist Robert Sternberg would call their relationship

Consummate love

Riley routinely runs on the treadmill each morning at 5 a.m. for 30 min. While doing so, he reviews his notes for his morning presentation to the staff at his office and occasionally glances at the television's morning stock report. He becomes irritated with the numbers of his own investments. Psychologist might view Riley as a likely candidate for

Coronary heart disease

Research shows that fluid intelligence declines with age, while ____ remains steady and sometimes improves

Crystallized intelligence

Over the past 50 years, the average age at which adolescents first have sexual intercourse has been steadily _________, with the first encounter of sexual intercourse at ______years

Declining; 17

Maria has received the results of her final nursing exam. Although she is aware that this is high stakes test which will impact whether or not she graduates this year, she minimizes the importance of passing. Maria tells herself that failing the test is inconsequential. Maria is most likely engaging in

Defensive coping

Elisabeth Kubler-Ross's theory suggest that ____ is the first step people pass through as they move toward death

Denial

Elizabeth Kubler-Ross's theory suggests that _____ is the first step people pass through as they move toward death.

Denial

Margaret has begun to review her life's events and is evaluating her life's circumstances. According to theorist Erik Erikson, Margaret is experiencing a stage that focuses on

Ego integrity versus despair

Martin and Sandy's youngest son is off to college in another State. Sandy has begun to feel unhappy and depressed. She says that she is feeling very lonely and worries often about their son's welfare. Sandy is likely experiencing

Empty-nest syndrome

____ is NOT a common reason why adult children return home to live with middle-ages parents

Empty-nest syndrome, when parents miss their children

According Holland's personality type theory, individuals who are high risk takers, take charge, and are good leaders are among the_______ type

Enterprising

Assisting the terminally ill in advancing their death is a practice referred to as

Euthanasia

Psychologist Robert Sternberg's triarchic theory suggests that the relationship between intelligence, prior experience, and the ability to cope with the novel situations is referred to as the

Experiential component

In the second stage of grief, people tend to

Fully experience grief and acknowledge the reality that the separation from the dead person is permanent

According to Erik Erikson, middle adulthood is either spent making personal contributions to family, community, or work, or it is spent focusing on the triviality of one's own activity making only limited contributions to the world. Erikson refers to this stage of development as

Generativity versus stagnation

The study of aging is referred to as

Gerontology

___ is common visual disease of late adulthood in which the pressure in the fluid of the eye increases

Glaucoma

Individuals who take charge of life's charge of life's challenges, approach stressors with optimism, and resist stress-related illness have the personality characteristics know as

Hardiness

Elizabeth is very tolerant of other people's differences. She enjoys helping others and tends to be quite easy going and accepting. According to the big five personality trait theory, Elizabeth would have a

High score on agreeableness

In which of the following settings is a dying person most likely to receive treatment from families and visiting medical staff?

Home care

Alda is from Pakistan. Her parents have selected a partner for her to marry. They believe that Alda would be happiest if she were to marry someone who is similar in age, race, education, and religion. Alda and her family are said to be practicing

Homogamy

The key component that links Type A behavior pattern and heart disease is

Hostility

______ is NOT a factor that accounts for the difference in academic achievement between African and Caucasian Americans

IQ

According to Erik Erikson, a teen whose sense of self becomes "diffuse" and who fails to establish a core identity may be struggling with

Identity confusion

Joanne, a senior in high school, says that she is going to the university her mother attended. Although she has not given it much thought, Joan has decided to study nursing because her mother is a nurse. Joanne is most likely experiencing

Identity foreclosure

The adolescent's belief that his or her own behavior is primary focus of the attentions and concerns of other is known as

Imaginary Audience

Which of the following Statements about cultural factors regarding puberty is true?

In poorer countries, the onset of menarche begins later than in wealthier countries

Margaret is a part-time biology teacher. She and her husband have three children and live modestly. Although her dream career is to be an obstetrician, Margaret has selected a job that aligns with her children's schedule and minimizes her work hours. While the children are young, Margaret wants to be a positive influence on their developing lives. Margaret appears to be motivated by

Intrinsic motivation

Current research suggests that the overall divorce rate has declined in the past two decades, and divorce among middle-ages couples

Is rising

Nate is an overweight 15-year-old boy who spends most of his time playing computer games in his room. Nate is neither liked nor disliked by others at his school. Rather, Nate receives no attention from his classmates at all, and he often feels as though he might as well be invisible. Nate would be considered

Neglected

Middle-aged people may lose their jobs due to age discrimination, which is both illegal, and based upon misguided assumptions. One of the major assumptions made about middle-aged workers is they

Lack sufficient technological skills, and are unable to learn new skills

In relations to health matters, a durable power of attorney is a legal document which authorizes

Legal custody

Although a "do not resuscitate order" is requested by one-third of patients,___ physicians state that they know of their patients' preferences.

Less than half

Celeste is in the end stage of Alzheimer's disease. During her final days of life, Celeste will

Lose voluntary control of her muscles and be bedridden

People whose relationships were___ before death are more likely to suffer poor post-death outcomes than those who were secure in their relationships

Marked by ambivalence

If a person's heart has stopped beating and breathing has stopped for 5 minutes or less, the individual

May be resuscitated

Of the 50 states, ____ passed a "right to die law" in 1998.

Oregon

A body of research in developmental psychology suggest that ______ remains quite stable and continuous over the life span

Personality

People with Type A behavior pattern engage in multiple activities carried out simultaneously known as ___ activities

Polyphasic

is most likely to develop an eating disorder

Sally, an adolescent who is already dieting

After returning home from working the night shift as nurse, Cecelia helps her children get ready for school, packs her husbands lunch, and assists her elderly mother with grooming and dressing. Cecelia is feeling very stressed and is considered to be a member of the

Sandwich generation

Margo is a 70-year old woman who received a diagnosis from her dr that she has metastasized breast cancer and has only a few months to live. At first she did not believe it, but after she received a second opinion that validated the first, she became furious with her doctors, family, and even strangers. According to Kubler-Ross, which stage of death and dying is Margo experiencing?

Second stage

As aging occurs, changes in physical functioning that are not inevitable due to aging, but are due to illness, health habits, and other individual differences occur. This is called

Secondary aging

Twenty-sex-year old Jennifer has quit going to the gym, eats fast food, and snacks on junk food daily. Jennifer joins her friends four to five times a week at the local bar where she overindulges in drinking and smoking. Jennifer's declining physical health is referred to as

Secondary aging

Symptoms of menopause differ by all of the following EXCEPT

Socioeconomic status

Research regarding marital satisfaction generally

Substantiates the U-shaped pattern where marital satisfaction has a lull around the birth of children, and then gradually rise back up

When the unexpected death of a seemingly healthy baby occurs, ____ is considered to be the primary cause.

Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)

In late adulthood, the ___ rate steadily increases particularly for men of the age of 85.

Suicide

Physicians are legally allowed to perform assisted suicide for the terminally ill in which of the following countries

The Netherlands

Risk-taking behavior in adolescents is most likely attributed to

The biological immaturity of prefrontal cortex

According to the development model of aging by Richard Shweder, high-caste Hindu women from the Oriya culture in Orissa, India, exhibit a significant change in social responsibility that is brought about by

The change in marital status from daughter to daughter-in-law

Although middle adulthood appears to present the opportunity for an increase in leisurely activities, most middle adults report that

The pace of their lives does not seem slower

The death rate in Japan is relatively low compared to other developed nations. This may be due to which of the following?

The typical Japanese diet is much lower in fat

Steven is a 60-year-old man who has smoked almost all of his life, and now he has been diagnosed with terminal lung cancer. Steven is devastated, and begins to go to church and pray regularly. His prayers consist of promising to quit smoking and devote the rest of his life to the good of other people if he receives a miracle cure from God. According to Kubler-Ross, which stage of death and dying is Steven exhibiting?

Third Stage

Parent-child conflicts during the period of adolescence are least prevalent in

Traditional Cultures

_______ percent of young adults between the ages of 18 and 29 are considered obese

Twelve

Julius remembers how to spell arithmetic by using the first letters of each word when recalling the following phrase: A Rat In Toms House May Eat Tom's Ice Cream. Julius is using mnemonic devise known as

Visualization

Theories of aging typically argue that the body's constant manufacturing of energy creates byproducts that combine with environmental toxins. The levels eventually get high enough to impair the body's ability to function normally, and are referred to as

Wear-and-tear theories

Sally a 98 years old. She still lives independently. Sally has no major illnesses, and is still able to volunteer her time at the senior center organizing activities. Sally also continues to enjoy taking daily walks in her neighborhood. Which of the following best describes Sally's functional age?

Young old

The least frequent occurrence of death among adolescents is

drug overdose