PSY Ch.18

Recent research shows that by the age of 65, women are almost ---- times as likely as men to be widowed.

3

Which theory states that the more participatory and involved older adults are, the more likely they are to be satisfied with their lives?

Activity theory

-focused coping is directed toward managing the emotional response to a stressful situation.

Emotion

Which of the following correctly describes older never-married people in the United States (as compared to married adults)?

They are more likely to prefer single life

As a whole, how does older adults' religiosity compare with younger adults'?

They are more religious.

Which of the following are among the main components of successful aging? Select all that apply.

-Avoidance of disease or disease-related disability -Sustained, active engagement in social and productive activities -Maintenance of high physical and cognitive functioning

Of older adults who live in nursing homes, what percentage report a good quality of life there?

Less than half

---- -focused coping strategies are directed toward eliminating, managing, or improving a stressful situation.

Problem

What provides the largest share of older American's income?

Social Security

As of 2017, which of the following would be LEAST likely to retire before age 62? Multiple choice question.

White adults

The divorce rate for those 65 years of age and older has

almost tripled.

The cognitive-appraisal model is where people choose coping strategies according to which of the following elements?

-Continuous relationship with the environment -Choosing the most appropriate strategy -Adapting to stress

In the United States, what is the age for full eligibility for Social Security retirement benefits (for those born in 1960 or after)?

67

Which of the following older adults faces the greatest risk of death?

A never-married man

Which of the following adults is MOST likely to live in poverty in old age?

A widowed Hispanic woman

---- living is a choice that is the fastest growing form of housing for older adults. It consists of homelike space with 24-hour access to needed personal and health care services.

Assisted

Which of the following is a multigenerational family?

Carlos lives with his father, his adult son, and his son's son.

theory states that older adults need to maintain a connection with the present and the past.

Continuity

Which theory proposes that people need to stay connected to the past as well as the present?

Continuity theory

During problem-focused coping, one would direct strategies toward which of the following elements?

Elimination of a stressful situation Improving a stressful situation Managing a stressful situation

Which coping strategy involves managing the emotional response to a stressful situation to lessen the physical or psychological impact?

Emotion-focused

Siblings provide which of the following elements to older adult relationships? Select all that apply.

Emotional support Companionship

True or false: In a recent longitudinal study, negative emotions, such as restlessness, unhappiness, and depression increased with age.

False

True or false: Loneliness is a major problem for older people who live alone.

False

Older people who have close friends tend to be which of the following?Select all that apply.

Healthier Happier

Which stage is Erikson's eighth and final stage of development?

Integrity versus despair

Are men or women more likely to face increased mortality after the death of a spouse?

Men

_____ is a far more powerful predictor of moods and mood disorders than variables such as age, health status, education, or gender.

Neuroticism

_____ are LEAST likely to live in multigenerational homes in the United States.

Nonimmigrant white families

Which of the following benefits are associated with assisted living? Select all that apply.

Personal care Help with bathing Health care services

In research on older Mexican Americans and in China, how did religiosity affect mortality?

Religiosity was linked to lower mortality risk in both studies.

Which theory explains why older adults spend more time with close friends and family members?

Socioemotional selectivity theory

In which of the following is the U-shaped pattern of well-being truest for elderly adults?

The United States

In old age, resources are directed toward which of the following? Select all that apply.

The management of loss The maintenance of health

Whether or not living with adult children will be successful depends largely on which of the following? Select all that apply.

The quality of the relationship that existed in the past The ability of both generations to communicate fully and frankly

True or false: Some research has shown that many older people enjoy spending time with their friends more than time spent with their families.

True

True or false: The positive links between health and spirituality is because people of all races/ethnicities who belong to a church are more likely to engage in healthy behaviors.

True

Which of the following elderly people would be MOST likely to live alone in the United States?

Women

Which of the following has been found to fall into the "productive activity" category that results in positive effects for older adults? Select all that apply.

Working Volunteering

When older adults remain in their own home, with or without assistance, they are demonstrating in place.

aging

Eighty-two-year-old Nicholas and his wife have decided to continue living in their own home, as they have sufficient income and a caregiver who visits once a week. This type of aging is referred to as

aging in place.

As compared to single gay and lesbian adults, married gay and lesbian adults and unmarried partners report

better physical health.

Aging parents who have good relationships with their ---- are less likely to be depressed.

children

In the ----- -appraisal model, people respond to stressful or challenging situations on the basis of primary and secondary appraisal.

cognitive

Siblings, more than other family members, tend to provide ---- as older adults.

companionship

In one study, the Big Five personality factor of ----- was linked to better health in older adults.

conscientiousness or dependability

Researchers have found that personality traits ______ in late adulthood.

continue to change

As former coworkers and casual friends drop away, most older adults retain a stable inner circle of social .-----

convoys

The manage of stress hormone levels is important because higher _____ can lead to declines in health over time.

cortisol

Among adult children, ______ are more likely to be involved in the lives of aging parents.

daughters

Integrity versus ------ is experienced during late adulthood.

despair

According to ---- , theory, successful aging is characterized by mutual withdrawal of the older person and society

disengagement

Seventy-year-old Ruth prefers to stay home, rather than socializing with her friends at card club. Ruth's withdrawal from others is consistent with theory.

disengagement

Older adults tend to use more _____ coping than younger people.

emotion-focused

As compared to married people, cohabitors report _____ levels of emotional satisfaction, pleasure, openness, time spent together, criticism, and demands.

equal

Individuals who are married or partnered in late adulthood are usually ______ than those who are single.

happier and live longer

Generally, both men and women in LAT relationships report _____ within their relationship.

high levels of happiness

Adults, especially women, who move in with relatives are at _____ risk of loneliness than those that are able to continue to live with a spouse or partner.

higher

Happiness is (higher/lower) at age of eighteen, declines until an individual reaches 50 years of age, and then tends to (increase/decline) until 85 years of age.

higher;increase

According to research, people who retire from jobs they find unpleasant or stressful show _____ upon retirement.

increases in well-being

Monogamous intimate relationships between unmarried people who live in different households are called _____ unions.

living apart together

Compared to middle-aged couples, married couples who are still together in late adulthood are _____ likely to report higher satisfaction and fewer adjustment problems in their marriages.

more

Socially isolated people tend to be lonely, and loneliness can speed ----- and ----- declines.

physical;cognitive

Retirement is best described as a(n)

process

Any action that provides a contribution to society is called

productive activity.

By the early 2010s, a majority of divorced or widowed adults (both the 55-64 age group and those 65 and older)

remarried

Cohabitation rates in the United States have _____ for older adults.

risen sharply

Physical and cognitive decline can prematurely increase from ----- isolation.

social

Successful agers tend to have ----- support.

social

The social convoy model of social relations is best described as a personal network of individuals to whom one gives and from whom one receives _____ support.

social

Gay and lesbian relationships in late life tend to be which of the following?

supportive strong

Activity theory states that

the more active and involved older adults are, the more likely they are to be satisfied with their lives.

Overall, people who identify with a religion and who attend services at least once a month are more likely to describe themselves as _____, compared to those who are not actively religious.

very happy

Most older nursing home residents throughout the world are

women