psy240 chapter 10: constructing an adult life

Many developmentalists cite frontal lobe maturity to explain improvements in executive function during emerging adulthood. The text offers an alternative explanation: Over the course of emerging adulthood, people work at increasingly demanding jobs, and this reinforces progressively more responsible behavior. This stance reflects the _____ perspective in psychology.

behavioristic

A _____ couple is two unmarried partners in a romantic relationship sharing a household.

cohabiting

Mark's guidance counselor has suggested six different options for Mark when he graduates from high school. None of the options appeal to Mark. Mark is MOST likely experiencing what Marcia calls _____.

identify diffusion

People experience flow _____.

in varying ways

_____ U.S. adults earn a college degree within six years of starting college at a four-year institution.

3 in 5

_____ is the type of intimacy that is ideal in love relationships.

Secure attachment

What is the main reason young adults drop out of college?

They cannot afford to continue their college education.

Which statement about people in satisfying relationships is false?

They pick partners who differ strongly in values and goals.

Today, (more/fewer) people are open to interracial dating, and people who meet on the Internet are (less/more) apt to be happily married than their counterparts who meet in traditional ways.

Today, more people are open to interracial dating, and people who meet on the Internet are more apt to be happily married than their counterparts who meet in traditional ways.

Marcie is a graduate student investigating adult attachment. She is conducting the current relationship interview described in the text. One participant talks about the need for "space" in relationships and emphasizes shared activities, rather than self-disclosure and intimate conversations. This participant's attachment style is MOST likely _____.

avoidant/dismissive

Juan, a new freshman, asks for tops about how to succeed in college. Based on this section, pick the advice you should not give: a) Get involved in campus activities. b) Select friends who have exactly the same ideas as you do. c) Get the best professors and reach out to make connections with them.

b

Natasha and Akbar met at a friend's New Year's Eve part and just started dating. They are about to find out whether they share similar interests, backgrounds, and worldviews. This couple is in Murstein's ______ phase of romantic relationships a) stimulus b) value-comparison c) role

b) value-comparison phase

When identity formation fails to occur and one has no sense of an adult path, one experiences role:

confusion

Tierra says, "I'm proud to be Black" as well as, "I'm proud to be American." This shows that Tierra has _____.

connected with mainstream culture

In the United States in 2012, more than half of college graduates owed about $_____ or more in student loans.

20,000

Approximately _____ percent of U.S. adults earn a college degree by their mid-twenties.

30

Catherine tells Kelly, "To have a happy relationship, find someone as similar to you as possible." Go back and review this section. Then list the ways in which Catherine is somewhat wrong.

Actually, people who have dominant personalities might be better off with more submissive mates (and vice versa). We gravitate to people with good personalities. Rather than searching for a clone, it's best to find a mate who is similar to one's ideal self. Overinflating that person's virtues helps tremendously, too!

Your cousin Clara has enrolled in nursing school. To predict her feelings about this decision, pick the right question to ask: a) Have you explored different career possibilities? b) Do you feel nursing expresses your inner self?

Do you feel nursing expresses your inner self?

Josiah says the reason his classmates drop out of college is that they can't do the work. Jocasta says, "Sorry, it's the need to work incredible hours to pay for school." Make each person's case, using the information from this chapter.

Josiah might argue that prior academic performance predicts college completion, with low odds of finishing for high school graduates with a C-average or below. Jocasta should reply that money is crucial because academically talented low-income kids are far less likely to finish college than their affluent peers, and dropout cite "financial issues" as the main reason for leaving.

Kita is clingy and always feels rejected. Rena runs away from intimate relationships. Sam is affectionate and loving. Match the attachment status of each person to one of the following alternatives: secure, avoidant-dismissive, or preoccupied.

Kita's status is preoccupied. Rena is avoidant/dismissing. Sam is securely attached.

Which person is most apt to worry about a social-clock issue: Martha, age 50, who wants to apply to nursing school, or Lee, age 28, who has just become a father?

Martha, who is starting a new career at age 50; she will be most worried about the ticking of the social clock.

Who is MOST likely to be worried about a social clock issue?

Matt, who is applying to medical school at age 40

Which statement regarding teens' tendency to entertain high career aspirations is true?

The adolescent tendency to entertain unrealistic career aspirations varies little with socioeconomic status.

Latoya is discussing how 21st century relationships have changed. Which of the following statements is incorrect? a) Today, young people are more likely to marry outside of their social class. b) Today, same-sex relationships are much more acceptable. c) Today, homophobia no longer exists.

a and c

Gay relationships:

are becoming more socially acceptable than in the past.

You are giving a toast at your friend Sarah's 20th birthday party, and you want to offer some predictions about what the next years might hold in store for her. Given your understanding of emerging adulthood, which would not be a safe prediction? a. Sarah may not reach the standard markers of adulthood for many years. b. Sarah will have graduated from college in four years. c. Sarah might need to move back into the nest or might still be living at home.

b - Sarah is likely not to finish college within four years.

Which emerging adult is least likely to be in the nest? a. Manuel, who lives in Madrid b. Paula, whose parents live below the poverty line c. Silvia, who lives in Stockholm

c. Silvia, who lives in Stockholm

Amy has had an easier time dealing with emerging adulthood than her friends. Amy MOST likely scores higher than her friends on measures of _____.

conscientiousness

Research indicates that identifying with one's ethnicity is _____.

correlated with positive outcomes

Twenty-three-year-old Chelsea says that she has "no idea" about what to do with her life and has "no interest" in any career. What is Chelsea's identity status?

diffusion

You overheard your psychology professor saying that his daughter Emma shows symptoms of Erikson's role confusion. Emma must be (drifting, actively searching for an identity), which in Marcia's identity status framework is a sign of (diffusion, foreclosure, moratorium).

drifting; diffusion

Grace is a 19-year-old college sophomore. She is living away from home for the first time and is trying to decide on a major. Grace is in a phase of life many developmental psychologists call _____ adulthood.

emerging

A developmental scientist probes adolescent identity formation. The scientist texts high school students randomly over the course of a semester to have them report their college and career thoughts. This study uses Csikszentmihalyi and Schneider's (2000) _____ research technique.

experience-sampling

True or False: Having a biracial or multiracial identity makes people think in more rigid ways about the world.

false

True or False: Staying in the nest during the twenties today is a "symptom" of a child's refusing to grow up

false (there are many rational "adult reasons" people stay in the nest)

Ileara loves her server job. When the restaurant is hectic, time flies by. She feels like a multitasking whiz! Ileara is describing a _____ experience.

flow

The hours go by like minutes, and Gene is working at top capacity in a challenging task. The name for this state is _____.

flow

When Diego is asked what his religious affiliation is, he replies that he is Methodist. When asked how he chose that religion, he replies, "I have just always been Methodist, and my mom and dad would be upset if I was anything else." In the area of religion, Diego's identity status is in:

foreclosure

Joe said, "I've wanted to be a lawyer since I was a little boy." Kayla replied, "I don't know what my career will be, and I've been obsessing about the possibilities day and night." Joe's identity status is (moratorium, foreclosure, diffusion, or achievement), whereas Kayla's status is (moratorium, foreclosure, diffusion, or achievement). According to the latest research, who is apt to have an emotional problem?

foreclosure; moratorium. Kayla is most apt to have an emotional problem.

Professor Hartwood has been conducting a longitudinal study of 100 children who were raised by lesbian couples. Professor Hartwood is MOST likely to have found that these children _____.

have had no problems with their gender identity and show no signs of impaired mental health

Choose the set of influences that helped to promote emerging adulthood as a distinct life stage.

increased longevity, the need for more education, and social changes

Terrell feels anxious and overwhelmed as he begins an assignment at work. In Csikszentmihalyi's terms, Terrell _____ experiencing the state called ______.

is not; flow

Eugene is 27 years old, and he feels very insecure about some of the personal and career choices he has made. Consequently, he is reluctant to undertake a serious, committed relationship with another person. Based on Erikson's theory, Eugene may develop a sense of _____.

isolation

Your 17-year-old cousin is graduating from high school. Given what you learned in this section, you might predict that she has (overly high/overly low) expectations about her academic abilities and that she will become (more mature/remain exactly the same) as she travels through her twenties.

overly high; get more mature

Dr. Farber's research assistant is coding a participant's responses from an interview about his current relationship. The participant's responses suggest considerable concerns about being abandoned. The research assistant codes the participant's attachment style as _____.

preoccupied/ambivalent

Troy and Dean have been dating for nearly a year. They are planning to finish their educations and then settle in a nearby state. They will live in a city best suited to Dean's prospective career in the arts. According to Bernard Murstein's theory, Troy and Dean are in the _____ phase of the mate-selection process.

role

While working as a therapist, Erikson discovered that teens and emerging adults often suffer from _____.

role confusion

A person who is in a stable, long-term relationship is MOST likely to have which attachment style?

secure

Jessica is 34 years old and just has broken up with her longtime boyfriend. She is depressed and concerned that her plans to get married and have children by age 35 will not happen. Jessica's inner timetable telling her where she should be at a certain stage in life is her _____.

social clock

Teena is an emerging adult. Teena MOST likely lives in _____.

the United States

emerging adulthood

the new life stage from high school graduation until the late twenties.

Hillary is in her mid-30s and still living in a modest apartment with a roommate. She worries that she will never find "the one," buy a house, and start a family. In developmentalists' terms, Hillary's anxiety reflects her sense that she is off ____ with respect to the ____ in the United States.

time; social clock

In Bernard Murstein's stage theory of finding a satisfying love relationship, we take shared values and interests into account during the _____ phase.

value comparison