PSYC 100: Unit 3 Exam Review

Thornton drops his glasses on the sidewalk and they shatter. Which of the following would be a response that shows reappraisal?

"That's a shame, but I've been wanting new glasses anyway."

To help remember the sequence of colors that make up a rainbow, you think of the name Roy G. Biv to represent red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet. This is an example of:

Iconic memory???

Jedidiah's coworker brings boxes of doughnuts to the office for a birthday. Jedidiah is attempting to diet so he spends the workday avoiding eating the doughnuts that he could see and smell. When Jedidiah gets home in the evening, he drinks vodka until he feels drunk and makes unnecessary purchases online. How would the strength model of ego control explain Jedidiah's behavior?

By resisting throughout the workday, Jedidiah has fewer cognitive resources for self-control when he gets home.

You are enjoying a day of sunbathing by a pond in Florida. As you reach for your cold beverage you see an alligator waddle out of the water and onto the shore in your direction. You sense an immediate physiological response in your body and a simultaneous emotional experience of fear. Which theory of emotion is most supported by your experience?

Cannon-Bard

Who has the highest IQ score?

Cecilia, with a mental age of nine and a chronological age of seven???

Cast members of dating-themed reality shows rarely form lasting relationships with their chosen partner, likely due to limited information about prospective partners and a limited amount of time to make a decision. What cognitive phenomenon would this lack of resources contribute to?

Constrained choice???

Gary is a movie buff who memorized all of the famous actors of the 1960s when he was a kid. Today, he sometimes has difficulty remembering the names of these actors when he sees them in new movies, even though he's sure that he knows their names. What is Gary demonstrating?

D. Retroactive interference ???

Lacey attended class last week but was not paying attention to the professor's lecture because she didn't get enough sleep the night before. As a result, she doesn't remember what was covered in class. ________ explains Lacey's forgetting.

Encoding failure

Which of the following examples shows a student who is using the most effective study aid to remember information for an exam, based on levels of processing?

Julia thinks about how the study of emotions relates to her own life.

All things being equal, who would be most successful at learning a second language?

Kristina, an infant who learns the second language from her grandparents

Mandolin has been diagnosed with bulimia nervosa. Which statement most accurately describes her condition?

Mandolin's teeth are significantly eroded from frequent self-induced vomiting.

Which of the following represents a basic-level concept?

Pepper???

Lamar is a construction foreman and has a talent for delegating work effectively among his construction crew. According to Sternberg, Lamar's skills are most aligned with:

Practical intelligence???

If you are not able to remember your best friend's dog's name, that is an issue of:

Retrieval???

Jimmy just finished the Detroit marathon and is elated with excitement. As he walked over to his girlfriend, who he has not known for very long, he immediately tells her that he loves her. Later that day, Jimmy realized that he made a mistake by telling his girlfriend that he was in love with her. His dad later explained that all of the excitement of finishing the marathon must have confused him. Which theory of emotion does this provide a problem for?

Schachter-Singer

When Sara is asked to remember what the word "apple" means and what font the word "cat" is written in, she has an easier time remembering the meaning of "apple" and struggles to remember the font of "cat." What was Sara relying on to encode the word "apple"?

Shallow encoding???

Bihn is from Canada and Frank is from Vietnam. They both enjoy playing online poker and often play together from their home computers. When playing online, but physically alone, both Bihn and Frank display similar facial expressions and outward emotions as the poker games progress. However, when they decide to meet in person for a poker tournament in Hawaii, they react with very different facial expressions and emotional reactions during play. Which condition is likely responsible for their differences in outward emotional display?

Their cultures have different norms that govern expressing emotion in social situations.

A friend of yours was recently in a car accident and experienced damage to their ventromedial hypothalamus. What effect would you expect this damage to have on your friend's behavior?

They will likely gain weight.

Mallory's friend Deepti is going through a very difficult time. Mallory focuses on really trying to understand what her friend is going through and puts herself in Deepti's shoes. Mallory is expressing _____.

Think: B. Sympathy??? A. Willpower B. Sympathy C. Empathy D. Self-control

Amira is feeling hungry after fasting for a medical procedure. Once Amira is able to resume eating, they consumes three bowls of granola and a handful of raspberries. Amira's hunger is an example of which of the following?

Think: C. Motive? A. Instinct B. Incentive C. Motive D. Drive

Which of the following people would be most likely to experience increased memory consolidation?

a toddler who takes a nap after learning how to crawl for the first time

Nicole and Liz are college roommates and have similar happiness set points. In their third year of school, Nicole's childhood home burns down and she must withdraw from her classes to aide her family's recovery. Liz, however, is elected study body president and is selected for a competitive internship. Despite initial deviations in happiness in response to these events, both women eventually return to similar levels of happiness. Which phenomenon is likely responsible for this?

adaptation

Rose is an honors student, an astrophysics major, and the only woman in one of her classes. In this class, the professor regularly makes comments about how women are not cut out for the field. If she performs poorly in this class due to anxiety arising from the fear of confirming her professor's beliefs, it is the result of

ambivalent sexism??? Stereotype threat

Elijah has an intense fear of gaining weight and is obsessive about restricting their food intake, exercising excessively, monitoring their weight on the scale, and critiquing their body in the mirror. As a result, their body weight is far below a healthy level. What is Elijah's condition?

anorexia nervosa

Marcus's mother is chastising him about a low grade he has received. Her verbal reprimanding continues throughout dinner and Marcus decides to ignore the remainder of his mother's diatribe and instead think about the college acceptance letter he received the day before. Which emotional regulation strategy is he using?

attentional deployment

Bobby thinks that Earth is flat and refuses to change his view, even when presented with scientific evidence that clearly debunks it. In this case, what is Bobby engaging in?

belief perseverance

Francis hopes to lose weight by following a new, heavily advertised diet. He enjoys success while dieting and loses 8 pounds over the three-week course, but once he finishes the diet, he quickly regains the weight he lost. The ________ refers to the original weight to which Francis returns after he stops dieting.

body weight set point

Fatima owns a bakery in a small Midwestern town. She greatly enjoys the process of baking, especially the feelings of relaxation and creativity she has when mixing ingredients and working by the warm oven on cold days. She also feels very pleased when customers purchase her pies. What type of reward motivates Fatima's baking?

both intrinsic and extrinsic rewards

A trivia game show like Jeopardy! asks players to demonstrate which of the following:

crystalized intelligence

Eight-year old Maddox is excited to open his last birthday present and is hoping to receive a remote control car. Instead, Maddox receives a sweater. Despite being disappointed, Maddox politely says "Thanks for the sweater. It's just what I wanted." Maddox's response demonstrates which concept?

display rules???

Gavin hears his mom tell him to clean his room even though he is not paying attention to it because he's absorbed in the book he's reading. A few seconds later, just as Gavin is about to ask his mom to repeat herself, he remembers hearing his mom telling him to clean his room. Which type of memory is best illustrated in this example?

echoic

If you see a question on the test that you remember learning about but can't remember the answer to, you are experiencing a failure of which type of memory?

episodic memory???

If someone cannot remember their first drum lesson, but they can play the drums, they have a problem with ________ memory, but their ________ memory is intact.

episodic; procedural

When commenting on a situation, Toria said that the "glass is half full" while Todd said that the "glass is half empty." These different ways of saying the same thing reflect a difference in:

framing

While cooking dinner, Tobias accidentally breaks his last bowl. To solve this problem, he goes to the store to buy a new bowl instead of realizing he could have used the paper already in his apartment to make a temporary origami bowl. In this instance, Tobias exhibited ________ because paper is not often used to make bowls.

functional fixedness

Ali has a fixed mindset when it comes to his intelligence. As a result, what is he most likely to do?

ignore study tips and suggestions from his classmates

Janet cannot get along well with others. According to Gardner, Janet lacks ________ intelligence.

interpersonal

What is an example of an implicit memory?

knowing how to dunk a basketball

Dr. Ebert believes that language directly influences how we view our world. As such, he believes a native English speaker who learns Spanish as an adult can never fully understand the world the same way that a native Spanish speaker does. Dr. Ebert's views are most compatible with the:

linguistic determinism hypothesis.

Of the 200 people in Vonnie's psychology class, 30 are psychology majors and 170 non-psychology majors. Yet when Vonnie first met a classmate whose nickname was "Freud" she guessed there was a 95% chance this classmate was a psychology major. Which of the following best explains Vonnie's judgment?

prototype

When asked to name different kinds of birds, small children might be more likely to provide answers like "robin" or "blue jay" rather than "penguin." This is because robins and blue jays serve as ________ for the concept of a bird.

prototypes

Lin took the ACT two times and earned relatively similar scores on both tests. What does this reflect about the test?

reliability

DeYoung goes to Spanish class in the morning and then French class in the afternoon. In both classes he is learning vocabulary words for foods. After French class, he tries to remember how to talk about lunch to his friends in Spanish, but he can only remember the French words. DeYoung is suffering from

retroactive interference???

Maya opens the door to her lecture hall and takes in all the details of the scene but quickly forgets the details she is not paying attention to. Which type of memory is Maya experiencing?

sensory memory

Moishe can remember only the first two items and the last two items on the grocery list that his wife just read to him over the phone. The other five items in between are gone. This is an example of the:

serial position effect

Bryan is able to keep a phone number in mind as long as he is rehearsing it. This is an example of which type of memory?

short-term memory

Which of the following is an example of a self-fulfilling prophecy?

striking out during a baseball game because your coach expected you to ???

When it comes to phobias involving animals, people tend to be more scared of sharks than hippopotamuses, even though it is much more likely that someone will die via hippo attack than shark attack. In this case, what have the people who fear sharks fallen prey to?

the availability heuristic

Malik gets into an accident while riding his bike and suffers a concussion. He then develops anterograde amnesia. What would Malik have the most difficulty remembering?

the name of the doctor currently treating him

For years, Rory ate one granola bar for breakfast. Then, the company changed their packaging so that granola bars were wrapped in sets of two. Ever since this changed occurred, Rory has had two bars for breakfast. This is an example of:

unit bias