Psyc 108 - Exam 2 Chapter 7

True

In 360-degree feedback, individuals compare perceptions of their own performance with information from their manager, subordinates, and peers.

true

Intensity pertains to the amount of effort being invested in an activity.

temporal

Test-retest reliability can provide a measure of consistency for test scores.

Halo

Which of the following rater errors leads employees to believe that no aspects of their performance need improvement?

mindfulness

_____ is a key input to positivity from person factors

false

"Men have a more difficult time empathizing with others." This statement is:

strengthen

A negative reinforcer tends to the behavior it follows

negative inequity

A person will experience _______ when his or her outcome to input ratio is less than that of a relevant comparison person.

unpredictable number of responses have been made.

A variable-ratio schedule of reinforcement is one in which a response is reinforced only after a(n):

general mental ability

All other things equal, which of the following individual differences is the best predictor of job performance?

psychological contract

Donna works as a project manager for a major consumer products firm. She works with beliefs, perceptions, and informal obligations about what she is entitled to receive in return for what she provides to the organization. Janice's beliefs represent a(n)

validity

From a test and measurement perspective, the extent to which a researcher is actually measuring what she/he intends to measure is referred to as:

feedback

In the job characteristics model, the degree to which a person receives clear information about performance effectiveness is:

experienced meaningfulness of the work.

In the job characteristics model, the presence of skill variety, task identity, and task significance cause an employee to feel

performance

Jack set himself a goal of shooting a 79 or better on his local golf course before the end of spring. This is a ________ goal

psychological safety.

Jay works for ABC Corporation. He feels quite comfortable expressing his opinions about a wide variety of issues facing the company without fear of reprisal. This reflects ABC's:

true

Job crafting may involve changing task boundaries, the relational nature of a job, or cognitions about the job.

stereotype.

Joyce finds that the members of the project team to which she has been promoted are all middle-aged men. Joyce wonders if she, a young new graduate from a local university, will be taken seriously. Joyce is likely to be reacting to a

positive

Kerry's manager asks her to head up a team reviewing office protocols. Kerry is in a great mood, having received a substantial bonus last week. This indicates that _____ experiences lead us to be more responsive to positive information

letting the employee voice his/her opinion and discuss performance goals

Managers can improve employee satisfaction with the feedback process by:

positive Deviance

Mickey is a successful salesman at AHR Corp. In addition to his normal duties, Mickey has created a best practices manual for new salespeople to help ensure their success. This is an example of

context of interaction.

Norah and Katy work together. They are also friends outside of work. Norah and Katy are constantly texting each other. Their supervisor comments that, while this might be fine outside of work, it's inappropriate to constantly text each other in the office. This is an example of

outcome fairness

People's perception of is their judgment that they were adequately compensated for the consequences of their actions.

behavior; intentions

Personal attitudes affect _______ via ______.

true

Research has found that some aspects of an individual's disposition are significantly associated with some aspects of job satisfaction, such as having autonomy or receipt of rewards.

high respect, commitment, and acceptance.

Roger, a manager, knows that one of his employees values conformity and tradition. Roger should assign the employee to a job that includes

fundamental attribution error

Samantha assumes that someone experiencing poverty simply refuses to work hard enough to make a living. Which of the following does this describe?

intrinsic motivation.

Samuel absolutely loves being a college professor because he is good at teaching and enjoys research even though he would make more money working in the private sector as an engineer. His choice to be a college professor is best explained by:

self-serving bias.

Sierra receives a compliment on her class presentation and attributes her success to his diligent preparation. Antwan received a poor grade and blames it on his adding the class late and missing a few early classes. These are examples of:

equity

The _____ model suggests that managers should monitor employees' perceptions of fairness.

360-degree performance appraisals

The type of performance measurement system where a company assembles performance data on an individual from most or all of his/her contacts within and outside the compnay is known as

high reliability, low validity

The use of a polygraph to measure lying is:

false

Values tend to vary across generations because they are influenced by events in childhood and youth. For example, some parents lived through the Depression, and this experience led them to be risk takers in terms of their investments.

Assimilation

What form of diversity management is an organization adopting when it assumes that all diverse people will learn to fit in or become like the dominant group?

Task

What kind of goal is best for jobs that are dynamic, but in which nearer-term activities and milestones can be defined?

CWB

When Harry has a perceived conflict with a co-worker, he will send them e-mails that are taunting or insulting. This is an example of

Pay

Which of the following contributes least to employee engagement in North America?

Selection of equal candidates

Which of the following employment selection decisions best characterizes affirmative action?

Well-Being

Which of the following is defined by levels of positive emotions, work engagement, relationships, means, and achievement?

loss of focus

Which of the following is not an outcome likely to result from positive emotions?

Generate an important goal that is attainable yet challenging

Which of the following is the best approach for building hope?

Neuroticism

Which of the following personality traits is marked by instability, insecurity, and depression?

Similar-to-me

Which of the following rater errors is made when people give higher evaluation to individuals who they consider akin to themselves?

Persistence

Which of the following refers to how long we focus on an activity?

mode

Which of the following refers to the most often occurring score in a distribution?

self efficiancy

Which of the following refers to your confidence in your ability to performance a specific task?

-.56

Which of the following represents the strongest correlation between two variables? -0.56 0.00 0.44

Organizational citizenship behaviors

Which of the following types of performance is characterized by assisting coworkers, having a positive attitude, and representing the company in a positive way outside of work?

behaviorally anchored rating scales

Which of the following types of performance measurement is more reliable, valid, and provides more useful feedback to employees?

alternate form

Which of the following types of reliability calls for more than one test administration?

criterion

Which of the following types of validity is concerned with predicting scores on some outcome?

fundamental attribution error

Which of the following would explain Elana's perception that the unemployed are lazy and do not really want to work full time?

True

With self-serving bias, employees attribute their success to internal factors and their failures to external factors.

Autonomy

_____ is the extent to which a job enables an individual to experience freedom, independence, and discretion.

Values

______ are abstract ideals that guide one's thinking and behavior across all situations.

on boarding

______ programs help employees to integrate, assimilate, and transition to new jobs.

Demographics

_______ are the statistical measurements of populations and their qualities (such as age, race, gender, or income) over time.

Organizational commitment

________ is the extent to which an individual identifies with an organization and commits to its goals.