Psych 101 Test 4 Study Guide

as part of beck's cognitive theory, the therapist acts as a _________, showing the patient how to empirically test the accuracy of his ___________ and __________ *****

*****WTF

when an individual is institutionalized against his will because he poses a danger to himself or others, and he has committed no crime, this is called __ (involuntary) commitment

Civil (thanks gab!)

what are the qualifications of and in what settings will you find a psychiatrist?

MD or DO; physician, private practice, hospitals, medical centers, schools, academic

what is transference?

a situation where the feelings, desires, and expectations of one person are redirected and applied to another person

the negative cognitive and affective responses experienced by an individual after a return to substance abuse

abstinence violation effect

think of examples of events that may cause a major depressive disorder

all types of loss, deaths especially. terror attacks, failure

define anxiety hierarchy and know its uses in systematic desensitization

an ordered (least to most) list of anxiety triggering situations; can be used for exposure to the situations

what is the most prevalent category of psychological disorders?

anxiety disorders

the most frequent type of hallucinations is?**

auditory**

___________ is characterized by alterations between periods of extremely high levels and extremely low levels of activity

bipolar disorder

probability of sharing or inheriting psychological disorders

chances of developing a disorder increase if there is a family history

fixed, inaccurate beliefs held by a person who has no evidence to support such beliefs are known as

delusions

____________ is used as a last resort for persons who suffer from severe depression, bpd, severe catatonia, or schizophrenia

electroconvulsive therapy

an intervention for a specific disorder that is substantiated by high-quality scientific evidence would be considered an _________________

empirically supported treatment

in __________ therapy the therapist seeks to understand the family context out of which problems presumably arise

family

what are the symptoms of ptsd?

flashbacks and recurrent dreams, avoiding reminders of the trauma, increased physiological arousal

____________ psychotherapists stress the importance of assuming responsibility for decisions

humanistic

a _________ therapist is most likely to focus on the present and specific behaviors**

humanistic**

Cognitive behavioral therapy is designed to

identify and modify distorted thoughts

know the symptoms of ADHD and know which ones can diminish as you age

infant: fussy, incessant crying, frequent movements in crib 3 yo: constant walking/climbing, restlessness, and prone to emotional outbursts Elem. School: not paying attention and temper tantrums Mid. School: academic problems and disruptive behaviors Hyperactivity and fidgeting lower with age as patient learns to cope or medicine prescribed

a person who has been diagnosed with bpd is most likely to exhibit

instability in mood, identity, and impulse control; self-destructive tendencies

Group therapy is an effective approach to treatment because

it can be efficient, time-saving, and less costly than individual therapy; its also about as helpful

the basic idea behind behavior therapy is that problem behavior is ____________ and new ways of behaving can be _____

learned; learned (wtf)

men are _____ likely than women to be diagnosed with major depressive disorder or clinical depression in the u.s.

less

What drug is used to treat Bipolar disorder?**

mineral salts, antipsychotics, anticonvulsants, serotonin-dopamine**

according to aaron beck and his cognitive theory, depression is often caused by

negative beliefs and expectations- the negative triad

an intense fear of heights is not considered to be a psychological disorder unless it

negatively impacts the person's life; acts as an obstacle for living

examples of the catastrophizing that sometimes accompanies anxiety disorders

no one will speak to you if you make a mistake everyone makes fun of you while you present etc

know the difference between a compulsion and an obsession

obsessions- Intruding thoughts that occur again and again are called compulsions- Repetitive, ritualistic behaviors

a lack of conscience is most characteristic of those who experience ______ disorder

personality (antisocial??)

what category of psychological disorders is characterized by inflexible and maladaptive behavioral patterns?

personality disorders

unlike many other psychological disorders, manic episodes may be triggered by _______ life events

positive

what is the single best predictor of suicide?

previous attempts of suicide

________________ psychotherapy attempts to uncover the underlying unconscious conflicts and impulses that are the cause of one's psychological difficulties?

psychoanalytical/psychodynamic

know the symptoms of a panic attack

racing heart, weak, dizzy, terror, sweaty, chills, chest pains, breathing difficulties

Disordered thinking, bizarre behaviors, and hallucinations are symptoms of

schizophrenia

what are the symptoms of autism spectrum disorder?

social impairments, repetitive or restrictive behaviors, speech or movements, resistance of change, and preoccupation

know the difference between a generalized and specific phobia

specific phobia- the source of the irrational fear is a specific situation or object general- general worrying over many things/ many causes

the predisposition model of schizophrenia states that a person is most likely to develop the disorder during periods of ___

stress

discomfort felt when partaking in a particular activity

subjective distress

what are culture-bound syndromes?

syndromes specific to certain cultures

what are the best therapies for anxiety disorders?

systematic desensitization and exposure therapies

what technique is most likely to help someone overcome a fear of going to the doctor after a bad experience?**

systematic desensitization or participant modeling

the prevalence of a disorder in a population refers to**

the percentage of persons who exhibit the symptoms of a particular disorder**

how do the failures of self help programs lead to people being less likely to seek professional help?**

they have doubts of its success??**

stars you collect for good behavior that you can turn in for a prize is a

token economy

antipsychotic drugs have been found to be helpful in the treatment of **

tourettes, bpd, schizophrenia, autism, depression**

True or False- Drug Addiction due to overuse is a problem for prescription drug users

true

true or false- the DSM 5 describes symptoms and includes info regarding the prevalence of specific disorders**

true**

more _____ than _____ attempt suicide

women; men