PSYCH 15&16

Which of the following is an example of a diathesis-stress model?

Ozzie has a genetic predisposition towards depression, but he did not experience depression until his mother and father died.

What should be changed to make the following sentence true? In aversion therapy, a therapist seeks to treat clients' fears or anxiety by presenting them with the object or situation that causes their problem, with the idea that they will eventually get used to it.

The word "aversion" should be changed to the word "exposure."

Dr. Bronson treats anxiety disorders with Xanax, which exemplifies ________ therapy

biomedical

Which group is play therapy often used to treat?

children

Which term refers to the fact that the therapist cannot disclose private communications to any third party unless mandated or permitted by law to do so?

confidentiality

People with ________ disorders experience thoughts and urges that are intrusive and unwanted and/or the need to engage in repetitive behaviors or mental acts.

obsessive-compulsive

Jeff is an unforgiving perfectionist who would rather deliver work a week late than turn in a project with even minor mistakes. In fact, he spends so much time working that he never has time for anything else. Jeff is known to be rigid, inflexible, and stubborn, and he never compromises. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for Jeff's personality?

obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

If Laura has bipolar disorder, then she ________.

often experiences mood states that vacillate between depression and mania

Which therapeutic process involves the use of toys?

play therapy

Deinstitutionalization refers to the ________.

process of closing large asylums

Which institutional setting replaced asylums in caring for the mentally ill?

psychiatric hospitals

Cultural competence is a therapist's understanding of, and attention to, ________.

race, culture, and ethnicity in providing treatment

Repeated drug use and/or alcohol use after a period of improvement from substance abuse is called ________.

relapse

What do obsessive-compulsive disorder, body dysmorphic disorder, and hoarding disorder have in common?

repetitive thoughts and urges, as well as an uncontrollable need to engage in repetitive behavior and mental acts

How long does psychoanalysis typically take?

years

Which classification system is used by most mental health professionals in the United States of America?

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

Which of the following is an example of flight of ideas?

Gilbert talks loudly and quickly, switching topics rapidly

How is behavior therapy different than psychoanalysis?

In behavior therapy, a therapist employs principles of learning to help clients change undesirable behaviors, while psychoanalysis involves digging deeply into one's unconscious.

Which of the following is a benefit of group therapy?

It can decrease a client's shame and isolation about a problem

Lana is late for dinner with her parents. They don't care, but she thinks this is a catastrophe—an inaccurate view of the situation that leads her to feel bad about herself. In this example, what represents the cognitive distortion?

Lana thinking that being late for dinner is a catastrophe

Which of the following is an example of hopelessness theory?

Rochelle has an expectation that terrible things will happen and there is nothing she can do about it—this leads her to become depressed.

Which principle underlies the effectiveness of systematic desensitization?

You can't be nervous and relaxed at the same time.

Marlena tells her therapist that she often feels helpless and unable to accomplish her goals. Her therapist responds by acknowledging her feelings, restating what she has told him, and clarifying the feelings behind what Marlena is expressing. What aspect of client-centered therapy is this?

active listening

Egon can't pay attention in class. He is easily distracted, won't sit still, and displays poor impulse control. The school counselor suggested that his parents take him to a doctor to have him assessed for ________.

attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Kaz wants to stop biting his nails, so he rubs a strong bitter paste under his nails to make his nails taste bad. What technique is Kaz using to stop biting his nails?

aversive conditioning

Renzo's therapist helps him learn to overcome his fear of dogs through several stages of relaxation techniques. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?

behavior therapy

The ________ perspective suggests that psychological disorders result largely from faulty physical processes, and the ________perspective emphasizes the importance of factors such as stress and thoughts as well as environmental factors in the development of psychological disorders.

biological; psychological

What should be changed to make the following sentence true? "A person diagnosed with a specific anxiety experiences excessive, distressing, and persistent fear about a particular object or situation."

change the word "anxiety" to the word "phobia"

In the free association technique of psychoanalysis, the ________.

client says whatever comes to mind at the moment

What is the emphasis in humanistic therapy?

client's present and future

Humanistic therapy is also called ________ therapy.

client-centered

In order to overcome an eating disorder, Sevilla's therapist works to change her cognitive distortions and self-defeating behaviors by helping her learn to identify such behaviors. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?

cognitive-behavioral therapy

A psychological disorder is a ________.

condition characterized by abnormal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors

Exposure therapy is a ________ technique.

counterconditioning

Aversive conditioning is a ________.

counterconditioning technique that pairs an unpleasant stimulant with an undesirable behavior

Fidel suddenly wanders away from his home and experiences confusion about his identity. Fidel may be experiencing a(n) ________.

dissociative fugue

ECT stands for ________.

electroconvulsive therapy

Which of the following is a common characteristic of all anxiety disorders?

excessive, persistent fear and anxiety

Breach of confidentiality is a greater risk in ________ therapy.

group

Which treatment modality involves 5-10 people with the same issue or concern meeting together with a trained clinician?

group therapy

What is the goal of humanistic therapy?

helping people become more self-aware and accepting of themselves

What should be changed to make the following sentence true? "The stress model suggests that people with a predisposition for a disorder are more likely to develop the disorder when faced with stress."

insert the word "diathesis-" before the first appearance of the word "stress"

Stavros is arrested for drunk driving. His prison sentence includes attending therapy sessions to treat alcohol addiction. He doesn't want to attend these sessions, but his sentence will be extended if he doesn't attend them. What kind of treatment does this describe?

involuntary

Grace is talking with her wife, Myanna. Myanna starts crying, and Grace immediately assumes that Myanna wants a divorce. What kind of cognitive distortion is this?

jumping to conclusions

What kind of symptoms involves reflecting noticeable decreases and absences in certain behaviors, emotions, or drives?

negative

Identify the compulsion in the following example. Demarco can't stop thinking about his book collection, which includes hundreds of first editions. He wants it to be in a particular order. He spends hours every day organizing his books alphabetically by author, then by color, then by size.

organizing the books

Harlow is eight years old. She sees Dr. Gardener every Friday at 11:00 a.m. Their sessions involve Dr. Gardener watching Harlow interact with stuffed animals and other toys. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?

play therapy

In medieval times, abnormal behaviors were viewed as a sign that a person was ________.

possessed by demons

Cordelia, an active duty marine, served in Afghanistan. While she was on patrol with her friend, an IED went off, killing her friend and injuring her. In the two months since her friend died, Cordelia has been jumpy, irritable, avoids talking about her friend, and once every few days experiences a flashback to the explosion. Cordelia is experiencing a ________ disorder.

posttraumatic stress

Veena's thoughts, perceptions, and behaviors are impaired to the point where she is unable to function normally in life. She experiences significant difficulties in many day-to-day activities, such as holding a job, paying bills, grooming, maintaining personal hygiene, and sustaining relationships. Which of the following disorders is Veena living with?

schizophrenia

Alexis experiences the symptoms of major depressive disorder, but only during midwinter. What kind of depression does Alexis have?

seasonal pattern

________ is a subtype of depression in which a person experiences the symptoms of major depressive disorder only during a particular time of year.

seasonal pattern

On the advice of her therapist, Thora decides to treat her fear of heights by exposing herself to heights using a stimulus hierarchy. Which form of therapy is she using?

systematic desensitization

Dr. Duncan is a therapist who works with men accused of domestic violence. Although it is difficult, she does her best to be non-judgmental during therapy sessions. Which aspect of client-centered therapy is this?

unconditional positive regard

Lexi cannot control her impulses to pull out her hair. Her friend Paul suggests that she see a therapist and Lexi agrees. She gets a referral from her primary care physician for a therapist and begins seeing Dr. Clark four times a month. What kind of treatment does this describe?

voluntary