Psych 465 Unit 2

The domestic dogs that we know as pets represent how many different species?

1

Which of the following is not a steroid hormone?

ACTH

Which gene influences the size of the cerebral cortex in humans and chimpanzees?

ASPM

Which of the following is a possible effect of taking supplemental testosterone?

Aggressive or manic behaviors

Which of the following is a mineralocorticoid?

Aldosterone

Which of the following enzymes converts testosterone to estradiol?

Aromatase

Which of the following species is the most closely related to humans in terms of its neuroanatomical, behavioral, and physiological characteristics?

Bonobo

Which of the following techniques could be used to determine whether the receptors of a particular hormone are located in a specific type of cell

Both a and c

The encephalization factor is greatest for which of the following species?

Chimpanzees

Relative to body size, which of the following have the smallest brain?

Cyclostomes

Which of the following is an amine hormone?

Melatonin

Which of the following statements regarding Darwinian evolution is false?

Morphological changes that occur during an individual's are passed on to the next generation.

Which of the following vertebrates was first, in evolutionary terms, to exhibit relatively large cerebral hemispheres?

Reptiles

Which of the following is not secreted by the anterior pituitary?

TRH

The neurofibrillary tangles seen in the brains of people with Alzheimer's disease contain

Tau protein.

Which of the following explains why the human brain, in terms of its size, has reached a kind of plateau?

The size of a baby's head already puts significant strain on the mother in terms of the difficulties of childbirth.

Which of the following statements about oxytocin and vasopressin is false?

They are secreted in response to hypothalamic releasing hormones.

The hormone epinephrine is secreted from the

adrenal medulla.

If an axon is damaged at a distance from the cell body, the portion of the axon beyond the site of injury is lost through the process of

anterograde degeneration.

The pattern of regeneration of the frog visual system supports the _______ hypothesis proposed by Sperry.

chemoaffinity

Certain growing axons are prevented from crossing the midline by the _________ action of the protein __________.

chemorepellent; Slit

The main subdivision of a phylum is a(n)

class.

If one eye of a kitten is occluded during the sensitive period, visual cortex cells later show _______ responses to visual stimuli presented to that eye.

decreased

The visual problems associated with amblyopia illustrate the importance of

early experience on brain development.

The brain volume of fossils is studies by means of

endocasts.

In the body's synthesis of steroids, _______ is (are) synthesized from _______.

estrogens; androgens

The molecular structure of steroid hormones involves

four interconnected rings of carbon atoms.

The study of the inheritance of traits is called

genetics.

Human identical twins are always identical in terms of

genotype.

An increase in the expression of the gene for B-catenin in transgenic mice produces a(n)

highly folded cortex.

If a person does not release sufficient amounts of oxytocin and vasopressin, the sources of the problem are likely to be found in the _______ and the _______.

hypothalamus; posterior pituitary

A relative insufficiency of oxygen is called

hypoxia.

Radial glial cells stretch between the _______ and _______ surfaces of the developing nervous system.

inner; outer

The encephalization factor is designated by the letter

k.

Compared to neurotransmitters, hormone effects are generally

more widespread in the body.

Hugo de Vries first described the process of _________, based on his studies of _________.

mutation; primroses

The rapid effects of estrogen blockers (within seconds) is an example of

nongenomic steroid action.

In vertebrates, the sensitivity of receptors to stimulation in the postpartum female's nipple is required for

normal milk letdown reflex.

Rodents given supplementary doses of _______ spend increased time in physical contact with one another.

oxytocin

After a meal, glucose from the food enters the bloodstream, causing insulin to be released from the

pancreas.

Migrating neurons are guided during migration by

radial glia.

Since Homo sapiens first appeared, its brain size appears to have

reached a plateau.

The brain sizes of dinosaurs were appropriate for ___________ of their body sizes.

reptiles

When an axon is injured, the neuron that gave rise to the axon may also die through the process of

retrograde degeneration.

A diffuse network of neurons, without ganglia, is seen in the nervous system of

sea anemones.

Because brain expansion and technological progress were not well correlated in early hominids, it has been suggested that brain expansion may be attributable to

sexual selection.

Research has shown that in a variety of species, the nervous systems of clones are

similar.

All mammals have a neocortex that features ________ layers.

six

The field of study that involves the classification of animals into groups is called

taxonomy.

Men rooting for a sports team will produce more _______ if their team wins.

testosterone

A consequence of the expression of death genes is

the cutting up of DNA.

As a result of his experiments with roosters, Berthed concluded that

the testes release a masculinizing chemical into the blood.

Estrogen can have a rapid, brief effect on some neurons. This suggests that

there are membrane-bound estrogen receptors in some neurons.

The number of trinucleotide repeats in the fragile site of the X chromosome is _______ from one generation to the next.

variable

In a frog, the segregation of inputs from two eyes that are forced to innervate a single optic tectum requires

visual stimulation.