psych

Mathematics achievement scores from a group of tenth graders are shown above. The distribution is normal with a standard deviation of 10 Approximately what percentage of students scored between 50 and 80?

82%

A large group takes a standardized test and the scores produce a normal distribution. The mean score is 50 with a standard deviation of 8. Mary's score is 59. Approximately what percentage of students achieved a lower score than Mary?

84

According to the formula for an intelligence quotient (IQ), the IQ of a ten-year-old child with a mental age of eight and a half years is which of the following?

85

Which of the following psychometric properties is used to assess the extent to which the items on an intelligence test measure a person's intelligence?

Construct validity

Intelligence tests have been used throughout history to purposefully discriminate against groups of people. Claims that minority groups have lower 1Q scores because of genetic factors fail to consider which of the following?

IQ test scores are dependent on social factors such as educational opportunity and poverty.

Elena wanted to see if taller students were more likely do better on achievement tests. Elana recorded the height of all of her classmates and calculated the standard deviation. If everything else stayed the same, what change to the data would make the standard deviation increase?

If the tallest person were taller

The concept of g is most accurately defined as which of the following?

a single, underlying intellectual capacity measured by intelligence tests

Average IQ scores have increased steadily over the past 100 years. It has been argued that this effect is most likely due to

an increase in the average number of years in school

The correlation between scores obtained on two halves of a single test yields information about the test's

reliability

Henry took an intelligence test and scored lower than he thought he should. He kept retaking the test, but he kept getting about the same score each time. This series of events indicates that the test was

reliable

The flynn effect refers to

rise in average IQ scores over time

The data shown in the above graph depict which of the following?

the flynn effect

Research on stereotype threat indicates that students might not do as well as they can on a test if

they are informed that people of their ethnicity, age, or gender usually do not perform well on the tests

Dr. Carvalho performed a study to examine the relationships among measures of general intelligence and specific types of intelligence. They recruited 80 college students to complete a set of intelligence tests Participants gave their informed consent to participate. After the data were collected, the researchers examined the test scores for correlations among the different measures of intelligence. In terms of ethical procedures, after Q4 Psycholog the data are collected, it will be important for Dr. Carvalho to do which of the Q3 Henry reta following?

Ensure confidentiality of the data

Dr. Adeyemi obtains IRB approval for a study examining the effects of growth mindset versus fixed mindset on people's motivation for learning 2,8 Q18 Graph bell new information. They recruit 80 participants and receive informed consent from them. Participants then complete a questionnaire about learning strategies. Next, the participants are told that, based on their results, they are either able to readily learn new information or that they will struggle to 2.8 Q19 Test scorE learn new information. In reality, this questionnaire is meaningless, and participants are randomly told fake results. After hearing their results, the participants are then tested on their ability to learn complex new information. In terms of ethical procedures, after the data are collected, it 2.8 will be important for Dr. Adeyemi to do which of the following?

Fully debrief the participants on the deception involved in the study

Dr. Sanjay conducted a study to determine whether eating breakfast affects academic performance. At the beginning of the week, he gathered survey data from students in his third-grade class about whether they ate breakfast. The next day, Dr. Sanjay showed the students ten new vocabulary words. Three days later, he administered a test to the students to measure their word recall. After analyzing the data, he claimed that eating breakfast improves the ability to recall new words. Which of the following statements best explains why this is a false claim?

Dr. Sanjay cannot make cause-and-effect claims from correlational data.

Research on intelligence tests must be especially mindful of ethical principles related to confidentiality of data. A major reason for this is best Q2 Intelligeno described by which of the following?

Intelligence test scores have been used to determine access to opportunities such as jobs and education.

A computer company wants to hire a large group of employees to work in a newly opened branch of the company. The human resources department determines that the most effective way to screen applicants would be the use of intelligence testing. Which of the following is the main reason that the implementation of this screening policy would be inappropriate?

Intelligence tests can be subject to bias

Ms. Ritter is a high school math teacher. She believes that some people are born good at math and others are not. At the beginning of the new school term, she was informed that her incoming class had poor performance on prior standardized tests. Which of the following is a likely outcome for Ms. Ritter and the upcoming school year?

Ms. Ritter will likely see her students' poor test results during the school year as confirmation of her beliefs that math abilities are fixed

A teacher gave a standardized test to students measuring their achievement in school. A student's test score of 86 is at the 42nd percentile. This means that this student has which of the following?

Scored the same as or higher than 42 percent of her fellow students

The graphs depict the distribution of intelligence test scores for two groups of students at a middle school. Which of the following statements is true of

The mean is identical for both distributions; the standard deviation is larger for distribution A.

Relationship of Driving Test Scores and Family Income

There is a positive correlation between family income and driving test scores.

Which of the following is always true of standardized tests?

They are supposed to be administered and scored in a consistent manner.