Psych CH 2 - Parts of the Brain
Medulla
Base of brainstem; controls heartbeat and breathing, swallowing, vomiting, urination and orgasm.
Pons
Connects the medulla to the two sides of the cerebellum. Sleep and arousal and coordinating movements between left and right brain.
Substantia Nigra
Controls voluntary movements and initiating movements. Involved in production of dopamine
Fusiform Face Area
Facial Recognition. Part of brain dedicated to recognizing people's faces; different patterns represent different people
Primary Auditory Cortex
Hearing. Receives and processes sounds from both ears.
Parts of the Hindbrain
Involved in breathing, heartbeat, swallowing, moving. 1. Medulla 2. Cerebellum 3. Pons
Parts of the Midbrain
Involved in reflexive movement of eyes and body. 1. Substantia Nigra
Hypothalamus
Lying below the thalamus. Regulates body temperatures, sleeping, waking, blood pressure, blood sugar. Involved in rewards like drinking, eating, aggression, and intimacy.
Primary Motor Cortex
Motor actions. A strip of neural tissue at the rear of the frontal lobe that is specifically involved in controlling voluntary bodily movements
Basal Ganglia
Motor planning, movement, reward. A portion of the forebrain that coordinates muscle movement and routes information from the cortex to the brain and spinal cord.
Prefrontal Cortex
Part of frontal lobe responsible for rational thought. Self control, planning, and language, social processes, multitasking.
Broca's Area
Small portion of the left frontal region of the brain, crucial for speech.
Lobes of the Forebrain (Cerebral Cortex)
1. Frontal Lobe 2. Parietal Lobe 3. Occipital Lobe 4. Temporal Lobe
Hippocampus
A curved forebrain structure, seahorse-like shape. Controls formation of new memories, involved in remembering placement of locations and objects in space.
Frontal Lobe
A region of the forebrain that has specialized areas for movement, abstract thinking, planning, memory, and judgement
Parietal Lobe
A region of the forebrain whose functions include processing information about touch, spatial relations.
Amygdala
Associates things with emotional responses. Intensifies memory during emotional states. Recognizes facial expressions.
Primary Visual Cortex
Vision. The region of the cerebral cortex that receives information from the visual system; located in the occipital lobe
Occipital Lobe
Vision. A region of the forebrain that processes visual information
Parts of the Forebrain
Involved in thinking, movement, emotions, reward, senses, and memories. 1. Thalamus 2. Hypothalamus 3. Hippocampus 4. Amygdala 5. Basal Ganglia 6. Cerebral Cortex
Cerebellum
Located behind medulla and pons. Controls fine motor coordination, balance, motor learning, and motor memory. Involved in making plans, remembering, using language, experiencing emotion.
Processing Areas of the Forebrain (Cerebral Cortex)
1. Prefrontal Cortex 2. Primary Motor Cortex 3. Primary Somatosensory Cortex 4. Primary Visual Cortex 5. Fusiform Face area 6. Primary Auditory Cortex
Temporal Lobe
Hearing, An area on each hemisphere of the forebrain near the temples that is the primary receiving area for auditory information, also memory.
Thalamus
Sensory gateway for sensory information. Receives almost all sensory information, organizes, and relays to cortex.
Cerebral Cortex
The outer layer of the forebrain. Left Hemisphere responsible for logic, thought and language. Right hemisphere responsible for spatial relationships, locations, objects around you.
Primary Somatosensory Cortex
Touch. Involved in muscle-stretch and joint receptors